• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.7
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• pp.67-77
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• 1966

For the production of proteolytic enzyme wilth Aspergillus, the examination is made on the culture-time and koji extracting conditions, during producing koji. 1. The highest activity showed up when the culture-time took 50 hours for Aspergillus sojae and 60 hours for Aspergillus flavus. 2. When the cultured koji was extracted by a buffer solution and water, the former gave the product of higher activity until pH 7 through pH 12, and water until pH 3 through pH 7. 3. In the method of crushing and granule extractions, crushing extraction produced the one of higher activity than granule. 4. The highest activity showed up when Aspergillus sojae took 5 hours (Aspergillus flavus 4 hours) in the time of extracting enzyme solution. 5. The highest activity showed up when both Aspergillu sojae and Aspergillus flavus reacted and indicated $37.60^{\circ}C$ in the reaction temperature and activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2001

Curdlan is a natural $\beta$-1,3-glucan produced by Agrobacterium biovar 1. In this study, the anticoagulant activity of sulfoalkyl derivatives of curdlan was investigated by carrying out activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay and compared with that of o-sulfonated curdlan. Approximately 100-fold higher concentration of o-sulfonated curdlan than heparin was required to obtain the same level of the clotting time. Anticoagulant activity of curdlan derivatives was dependent on the degree of sulfation in prolonging the clotting time. However, the chain length of the substituent did not play a role in prolonging the clotting time. The curdlan derivatives enhanced thrombin inhibition by mediating through antithrombin III. The inhibition of thrombin by o-sulfonated curdlan was found to be approximately 10-fold weaker than that by heparin.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.571-578
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• 2010

Recently, many social networking services using mobile devices are spread. Also, many studies based on location and time are increasing. However, existing studies have been difficult to resolve queries by place, time, and events. In the paper, we propose time and space modeling method for social services. We propose Human Activity Graph and Quad Relation Factors through time, place, event, and social activity of users, and we design the database scheme for data collect and analysis.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.897-901
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• 2005

In the highway engineering, the performance, quantity and status of machines available for the project have direct impact on the project time. For instance, the status of machines, such as working or in trouble, have great influence on the activity execution. Therefore, while scheduling the project, the project manager always increases the spare machines or prolong the activity time to avoid delaying the project time when some of the machines are in trouble in construction site. However, how many are the spare machines and how long are the prolonged activity time, which are estimated subjectively by the manager. This subjective estimation has been criticized for systematically overestimating or underestimating quantity of the machines and the activity time. In the paper, we propose and prototype a model to simulate the status of the machines in construction site, and then to evaluate the schedule feasibility considering the performance, quantity and statues of the machines involved.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

In diurnal activity of the black-crowned night herons on breeding season, activity budget was that male were standing(29.5%), preening(21.5%), comfort(10.9%), and female were resting(26.3%), repairing (18.4%), preening(15.3%) in sequence. Activity budget was high significant between male and female(p<0.01). In case of activity-time budget sequence, male was standing(38.7%), locomotion(33.8%), preening(11.5%), and female was resting(55.4%), standing(18.4%), preening(9.4%). Therefore, activity-time budget was significantly different in male and female(p<0.01).

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2019

Objective: Patients with COPD have a lower overall quality of life than normal people. If patients with COPD do not regularly perform physical activities, their exercise capacity is reduced. It could lead to muscle loss, and negatively affect their general physical, social, and psycho-social status. The purpose of this study was to examine association with physical activity, sedentary life time and health-related quality of life in patients with COPD. Method: Of the total of 22,948 participants surveyed in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013-2015), 8,626 participants were used for this study. Of these, under 40 years, over 80 years, missing values and abnormal values were excluded. Study variables included physical activity level, sedentary time and health-related quality of life variables. The physical activity level assessment tool was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sedentary time referred to the amount of sitting time without moving the body. EQ-5D (Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions) was used as an index of health-related quality of life. Control variables were age, gender, income level, education level, marital status, comorbidity, smoking, BMI, cough, sputum, COPD severity. For this study, descriptive analysis, T-test, ANOVA and multivariate regression analysis were performed. Results: Of the 1,092 patients with COPD, 76.1% (n=831) were male and 23.9% (n=261) were female, while 39.0% (n=2,939) were male and 61.0% (n=4,595) were female in the comparison group without COPD. The COPD group with high level of physical activity showed a high level of EQ-5D scores ($0.9349{\pm}0.11$, p <0.001). Among patients with COPD, after adjusting for control variables, physical activity and sedentary time (physical activity level, Β=0.047, p <.001), (sedentary time, Β=-0.017, p <.05) were associated with health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Patients with COPD have a higher quality of life as their physical activity increases and the quality of life decreases as the time spent sitting increases. This study suggests that public health experts should consider improving COPD patient physical activity.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 2013

This study explores the types of daily routines in child care centers based on the time planned for indoor free choice activities, outdoor activities, group activities and nap/rest. The daily routine plans of 63 classes of 0 to 2-year-olds and 51 classes of 3 to 5-year-olds were cluster analyzed. Also, openness and closeness of child care programs as well as the most participated indoor/outdoor activities were examined using questionnaires developed for teachers. The results were as follows: First, teachers planned the most time for free play choice activity and comparatively less time for outdoor play during the day. Time for rest and naps were planned more for 0-2 year-olds whereas group activities were planned more for the 3-5 year-olds. Second, 3 daily routine types were found in the daily plans of child care centers, such as "Low-Activity Oriented," "Free Choice Activity Oriented" and "Group Activity Oriented" in 0 to 2-year-old classes and 3 to 5-year-old classes. Also, "Group Activity Oriented" type in 0 to 2-year-old classes showed more "closed" child care programs than the "Free Choice Activity Oriented" type. However, no difference was shown among the 3 types of daily routines in the openness and closeness of 3 to 5-year-old child care programs. Finally, all children, regardless of the types of daily routine, participated most in block activity and role play indoors and fixed-play equipment, sand play and free play outdoors.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cyber leisure activity and autonomic function in high school students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 242 second graders at high school located in D city. The research design was descriptive correlation study. Data were collected from August 26 to September 17, 2010, using a cyber leisure questionnaire and heart rate variability (SA-6000, Medicore, Korea) for autonomic function. Results: Total time for the cyber leisure activity was $391.3{\pm}262.0$ (min/week). Time for internet usage and computer game was $234.5{\pm}140.1$ (min/week) and $156.8{\pm}164.3$ (min/week), respectively. There were significant positive correlation between total cyber leisure time and sympathetic activity (r=.247, $p$ <.001). Conclusion: Excessive cyber leisure activity could increase sympathetic activities in high school students. Thus, nursing intervention to reduce the total cyber leisure time will be helpful to improve their neurophysiological status.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.505-509
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• 2013

This study has investigated the effect of isometric contractile force and muscle activity applying sperficial heat according to the time from the biceps brachii muscle. In this study, 20 university students participants without musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. By applying a hot pack 5min, 10min, 20min and 30min respectively. After that measurement are skin temperature, contractile force and muscle activity. Skin temperature of the hot 5 min applied that rapidly changing. Increasing the time it takes to apply a variance has been reduced(p<.001). Isometric contractile force was not statistically significant but highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes and lowest when applying the hot pack 30 minutes(p<.001). Muscle activity and median frequency was highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes. To analyze the above results, it was found that isometric contractile force and muscle activity changed according to the applying time. These result lead us to the conclusion that this study will be more evidence for changes in muscle contraction to apply hot pack on clinic.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.83.2-83.2
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• 2014

Flare and rotational variabilities induced by stellar activity are important for studying the effect of magnetic fields on the evolution of red dwarf stars. The level and frequency of magnetic activity in these stars have a different aspect at every moment of the observations due to the effect of age-rotation relation. The use of both tracers is thus essential to have a relatively homogeneous set of stellar activity data for statistical studies. The archival light curves and imaging data of the open cluster M37 taken by MMT 6.5m telescope were used for this work. In order to achieve much more accurate photometric precisions and also to make the most efficient use of the data, the entire imaging database were re-analyzed with our new time-series photometry technique and carefully calibration procedures. Based on the new light curves, we study, for the first time, a variety of aspects of those two variabilities in red dwarfs and their relation to magnetic activity. In this talk, we present all observational evidences that support the idea that the strength of magnetic activity is closely connected with the rotation rate of a star and its evolutionary status (age-activity-rotation paradigm). In conclusion, we suggest future directions to improve our understanding of stellar activity in cool stars with photometric time-series data.