• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2007

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) on the inhibition activities by oleanolic acid analogues (1-19) as a potent inhibitor against protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B were studied quantitatively using 2D-QSAR and HQSAR methodologies. The inhibition activity was dependent on the variations of $R_{4-}$substituent, and as shown in 2D-QSAR model ($r^2=0.928$), it has a tendency to increase as the negative Randic Indice (RI) goes up. The size of the molecular fragments used in HQSAR varied from five to eight. The fragment distinctions had the best statistic value, whose predictability is $q^2=0.785$ and correlation coefficient is $r^2=0.970$, on condition of connections. From the atomic contribution maps, the factor that contributes to the inhibition activities is the $C_{15}{\sim}C_{17}$ bond in the D ring. From the analysis result of these two the models, the structural distinctions and descriptors that contribute to the inhibition activities were obtained.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.173-183
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the stress level and HPA axis activity of an internet game addiction group and non-addiction group in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was performed with 140 male high school students from 9 vocational high schools at W city. Data were collected from July to September, 2012, using a questionnaire for measuring internet game addiction and stress level, blood samples for serum ACTH, and cortisol level for HPA axis activity. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: The stress level of the internet game addicted group was significantly higher than that of the non-addicted group (p<.001). The serum cortisol level was also significantly higher in the internet game addicted group than in the non-addicted group (p<.026). The serum ACTH level was higher in the internet game addicted group more than in the non-addicted group (p<.072). Conclusion: These results showed that internet game addiction could increase stress level and HPA axis activity in high school adolescents. Thus, a nursing approach to prevent and relieve internet game addiction should be initiated to stabilize the HPA axis of internet game addicted adolescents.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of job stress on the patient safety nursing activities among nurses. Methods: The subjects of the study are 258 nurses working at 15 small-medium sized hospitals in D city. Data analysis was done using frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}test$, Pearson's correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression. Results: The job stress scored average 3.67 and patient safety nursing activity scored average 4.35. Job stress was positively associated with patient safety nursing activity. It explains 9.49% of the variance. Conclusion: Universal and inevitable job stress among nurses should not exceed optimum level to assure patient safety. So, personal and organizational efforts to manage job stress are needed.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.629-633
• /
• 2004

NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450, and catalyzes the one-electron reduction of many drugs and foreign compounds. Various forms of spectrophotometric titration have been performed to investigate the electron-accepting properties of CPR, particularly, to examine its ability to reduce cytochrome c and ferricyanide. In this study, the reduction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) by CPR was assessed as a means of monitoring CPR activity. The principle advantage of DPPH is that its reduction can be assayed directly in the reaction medium by a continuous spectrophotometry. Thus, electrons released from NADPH by CPR were transferred to DPPH, and DPPH reduction was then followed spectrophotometrically by measuring $A_{520}$ reduction. Optimal assay concentrations of DPPH, CPR, potassium phosphate buffer, and NADPH were first established. DPPH reduction activity was found to depend upon the strength of the buffer used, which was optimal at 100 mM potassium phosphate and pH 7.6. The extinction coefficient of DPPH was $4.09\;mM^{-1}\;cm^{-1}$. DPPH reduction followed classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics ($K_m\;=\;28\;{\mu}M$, $K_{cat}\;=\;1690\;min^{-1}$). This method uses readily available materials, and has the additional advantages of being rapid and inexpensive.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.495-503
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study analyzes the predictive power of upper extremity activity and the activities of daily living in patients with stroke using an easy-to-use evaluation tool. Methods: The Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) of the upper extremity and action research arm test (ARAT) are performed, and the Korean modified Barthel index (K-MBI) is measured. The predictive power of the upper extremity activity level and the daily activity level are analyzed using regression analysis. The statistical significance level is 0.05. Results: The coefficient of determination, R2, for predicting the ARAT using FMA was high at 0.88, but the regression equation for predicting the K-MBI using the FMA and ARAT did not show a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The assessment of the upper extremity should be performed at the activity level, as well as the impairment level. The assessment for predicting the activities of daily living should be carried out for each level of the international classification of functioning (ICF), disability, and health, which can be linked to daily life, in addition to the assessment of the upper arm. Future research should conduct more diverse analyses using the ICF assessment tools at various levels.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of forward head posture (FHP) and round shoulder posture (RSP) on changes in muscle activities according to shoulder flexion and abduction tasks. Methods: Twenty-two male subjects with no history of neurological, musculoskeletal surgery or injuries, or pain in the spine region within the previous 3-month periods were recruited for this study. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) and Scapula Index were measured before performing 90° abduction and flexion tasks holding a 3kg dumbbell. Muscle activities were measured during the tasks. All measurements except height of the acromion were carried out in a sitting position at the height of the subject's knee angle of 90 degrees, and two tasks were randomly performed with the arm that the subject mainly use to throw the ball. The abduction and flexion angles were checked by the examiner using a goniometer beside the subject. Results: Correlation coefficient analysis between Scapular Index and upper trapezius muscle activity during shoulder abduction task showed significant positive correlation. No significant correlation was observed between CVA, Scapular Index, and other muscle activities. Conclusion: FHP showed increased muscle activation, making it difficult to change muscle activity under lower loads, and RSP was correlated with UT activation in shoulder abduction. Therefore, in the RSP, the loaded shoulder abduction is considered a potential risk factor for increasing shoulder muscle tension. This paper proposes an approach to treating RSP before FHP.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.166-176
• /
• 1993

In order to investingate the renal dysfunction in workers exposed to aromatic organic solvents, 105 male exposed workers and 109 controls were participated in this study. This study was conducted to examine the correlation among the concentration of aromatic organic solvents in air, worker's urinary NAG activity and urinary hippuric acid. The results were as follows : 1. The exposure level of aromatic organic solvent mixture caculated by the equation proposed by ACGIH was ranged from 0.27 to 0.54 and toluene concentration was ranged from 18.3ppm to 48.3ppm. 2. NAG activity in the urine of control and exposed group were $36.1{\pm}14.2nmolMU/mg$ creatinine and $52.4{\pm}26.1nmolMU/mg$ creatinine, respectively. Hippuric acid concentration in the urine of control and exposed group were $191.1{\pm}194.2mg/g$ creatinine and $789.3{\pm}784.1mg/g$ creatinine, respectively. 3. Correlation coefficent between the exposure level of aromatic organic solvent mixture was significantly related to urinary NAG activity(r=0.542) and urinary hippuric acid(r=0.752). 4. Correlation coefficient between NAG activity and hippuric acid concentration was 0.357. This study suggested that urinary NAG activity was a good renal function index for aromatic organic solvents exposure and urinary hippuric acid was an index for the biological monitoring of toluene exposure.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.56-70
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physical activity on bone mineral density(BMD), and osteoporosis risk factors in Korean women. A convenience sample of 115 women completed the survey questionnaire which included the items of physical activity, osteoporosis risk facors, and demographic background. Distal radial BMD was evaluated using DTX-200. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, logistic regression, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression by SPSS WIN. The sample ranged in age from 31 to 78 years(mean=47.67 old). 91.8% were married, 72.2% were housewives, and mean monthly income was 1,094,900won. Mean explain of the women was 1.21MET, and 50.4% of the women were in the physically inactive group. Brisk walking and mountain climbing were frequently cited activities. 1.8% of the subjects smoked, and 27.5% used alcohol. Average daily intake of milk was 1.17 cups and that of caffeine, 1.13 cups. Age, body weight, monthly income, BMI, education level, duration after menopause, menstration status and caffeine. intake were correlated with BMD. In the relationship between the physical activity and BMD, the physically active group showed a higher level of BMD than the physically inactive group. Significant MET decreased was noted with an age increase. In the stepwise multiple regression analysis, body weight, duration after menopause, and the number of children were identified as the most important risk factors. Conclusively, physical activity could be a beneficial effect in the reduction of osteoporosis in Korean women, considering a positive relationship between physical activity and radial BMD.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.941-950
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 학령기 비만아동의 생활습관, 식이자기효능감 및 운동자기효능감의 관계와 생활습관에 미치는 영향요인을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 G광역시에 소재하는 3개 초등학교의 비만아동 85명이었고 2019년 7월 20일부터 8월 2일까지 자료를 수집하였으며, 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 27.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, ANOVA, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multiple regression analysis로 분석하였다. 대상자의 생활습관에 미치는 영향요인을 확인하기 위하여 다중회귀분석한 결과, 식이자기효능감(𝛽=.406, p=.001)이 큰 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났고, 운동자기효능감(𝛽=.245, p=.038)이 그 다음 순서로 나타났다. 또한 추정된 회귀모형의 적합도에 대한 F통계량은 6.34(p<.001)로 유의하였고, 설명력은 24.2%였다. 따라서 비만아동의 생활습관을 향상시키기 위해서는 식이자기효능감과 운동자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 하며, 본 연구는 비만아동 생활습관 향상을 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.573-583
• /
• 2021

일반적으로 에너지 필요량은 에너지 평형 상태에서의 에너지소비량으로 정의된다. 이중표식수법 (doubly labeled water, DLW)은 총에너지소비량 (total energy expenditure, TEE)을 측정하는 가장 정확한 방법으로 알려져 있다. 2002년, 미국 Institute of Medicine (IOM)은 미국인과 캐나다인을 위한 영양소 섭취기준 (dietary reference intakes, DRIs)을 제안하고, 이중표식수법 (DLW)을 이용한 연구결과들을 모아서 에너지필요추정량 (estimated energy requirement, EER) 산출식을 개발하였다. 2005년부터 한국인 영양소 섭취기준에서도 이 산출식을 이용하여 에너지필요추정량을 설정해왔다. 연령대를 기준으로 한 이 산출식에서는 체중과 신장뿐만 아니라 신체활동수준 (physical activity level, PAL)에 따른 (sedentary, low active, active, and very active) 신체활동계수 (physical activity, PA)가 적용되었다. 이중표식수법과 신체활동일기를 이용하여 산출한 한국인의 신체활동수준은 '저활동적' (1.40-1.59)에 해당되었으므로, '저활동적'에 해당하는 신체활동단계별 계수 (PA)가 에너지필요추정량 (EER) 산출식에 적용되었다. 최근 한국에서도 규칙적으로 다양한 신체활동을 하는 사람들이 증가하고 있어 '활동적 (active)'인 사람들과 '매우 활동적 (very active)'인 사람들을 위한 에너지필요추정량을 별도로 제시하였다. 앞으로 미국과 일본처럼, 한국에서도 이중표식수법 (DLW) 연구를 확대하여 한국인을 위한 에너지필요추정량 산출식이 개발되어야 한다. 또한 신체활동 일기와 새로운(한국인을 위한) 신체활동 분류표를 이용하여 신체활동수준 (PAL)을 정확하게 평가할 수 있는 표준화된 가이드라인을 마련해야한다.