• 제목/요약/키워드: Activation Products

검색결과 639건 처리시간 0.024초

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Essential Oil and its Component from Zingiber officinale Roscoe

  • Lee, Yongkyu
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.225-230
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    • 2016
  • Zingiber officinale Roscoe has been widely used as a folk medicine to treat various diseases, including cancer. This study aims to re-examine the therapeutic potential of co-administration of natural products and cancer chemotherapeutics. Candidate material for this project, ${\alpha}$-zingiberene, was extracted from Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and ${\alpha}$-zingiberene makes up $35.02{\pm}0.30%$ of its total essential oil. ${\alpha}$-Zingiberene showed low $IC_{50}$ values, $60.6{\pm}3.6$, $46.2{\pm}0.6$, $172.0{\pm}6.6$, $80.3{\pm}6.6$ (${\mu}g/mL$) in HeLa, SiHa, MCF-7 and HL-60 cells each. These values are a little bit higher than $IC_{50}$ values of general essential oil in those cells. The treatment of ${\alpha}$-zingiberene produced nucleosomal DNA fragmentation in SiHa cells, and the percentage of sub-diploid cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner in SiHa cells, hallmark features of apoptosis. Mitochondrial cytochrome c activation and an in vitro caspase-3 activity assay demonstrated that the activation of caspases accompanies the apoptotic effect of ${\alpha}$-zingiberene, which mediates cell death. These results suggest that the apoptotic effect of ${\alpha}$-zingiberene on SiHa cells may converge caspase-3 activation through the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into cytoplasm. It is considered that anti-proliferative effect of ${\alpha}$-zingiberene is a result of apoptotic effects, and ${\alpha}$-zingiberene is worth furthermore study to develop it as cancer chemotherapeutics.

Baicalein Treatment Promotes Osteoblast Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation through Activation of Immediate Early Response 3

  • Lee, Sang-Im
    • 치위생과학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.254-260
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    • 2019
  • Background: The primary aims of periodontal disease treatment is to remove dental plaque and calculus, the main causes of tooth loss, and restore periodontal tissue destroyed by inflammation. Periodontal disease treatment should also help maintain the alveolar bone, alleviate inflammation, and promote periodontal ligament cell proliferation, which is essential for tissue regeneration. Conventional antibiotics and anti-inflammatories have adverse side effects, especially during long-term use, so there is a need for adjunct treatment agents derived from natural products. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the herbal flavone baicalein has the osteogenic activity under inflammatory conditions, and assess the involvement of osteoblast immediate early response 3 (IER3) expression. Methods: Human osteoblastic MG-63 cells were cultured with the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β in the presence and absence of baicalein. Proliferation was assessed using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and expression of IER3 mRNA was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of IER3 protein levels and activation of associated signal transduction pathways were assessed using western blotting. Results: Baicalein increased IER3 mRNA and protein expression synergistically. In addition, baicalein reversed the suppression of cell proliferation, and the downregulation of osteogenic transcription factor runt-related transcription factor 2 and osterix induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Baicalein also upregulated the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1/2). The upregulation of IER3 by pro-inflammatory cytokines was blocked by pretreatment with inhibitors of AKT, p38, JNK, and ERK 1/2. Conclusion: Baicalein mitigates the deleterious responses of osteoblasts to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, IER3 enhanced the effect of baicalein via activation of AKT, p38, JNK, and ERK pathways.

Experimental study on chemical activation of recycled powder as a cementitious material in mine paste backfilling

  • Liu, Yin;Lu, Chang;Zhang, Haoqiang;Li, Jinping
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.341-349
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    • 2016
  • To improve the utilization rate of construction waste as mine backfilling materials, this paper investigated the feasibility of using recycled powder as mine paste backfilling cementitious material, and studied the pozzolanic activity of recycled construction waste powder. In this study, alkali-calcium-sulfur served as the activation principle and an orthogonal test plan was performed to analyze the impact of the early strength agent, quick lime, and gypsum on the pozzolanic activity of the recycled powder. Our results indicated that in descending order, early strength agent > quick lime > gypsum affected the strength of the backfilling paste with recycled powder as a cementitious material during early phases. The strength during late phases was affected by, in descending order, quick lime > gypsum > early strength agent. Using setting time and early compressive strength as an analysis index as well as an extreme difference analysis, it was found that the optimal ratio of recycled powder cementitious material for mine paste backfilling was recycled powder:quick lime:gypsum:early strength agent at 78%:10%:8%:4%. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope were used to show that the hydration products of recycled powder cementitious material at the initial stages were mainly CH and ettringite. As hydration time increased, more and more recycled powder was activated. It mainly became calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate, etc. In summary, recycled powder exhibited potential pozzolanic activities. When activated, it could replace cementitious materials to be used in mine backfill.

Resveratrol attenuates 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal-induced oxidative stress in mouse cortical collecting duct cells

  • Bae, Eun Hui;Joo, Soo Yeon;Ma, Seong Kwon;Lee, JongUn;Kim, Soo Wan
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.229-236
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    • 2016
  • Resveratrol (RSV) may provide numerous protective effects against chronic inflammatory diseases. Due to local hypoxia and hypertonicity, the renal medulla is subject to extreme oxidative stress, and aldehyde products formed during lipid peroxidation, such as 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), might be responsible for tubular injury. This study aimed at investigating the effects of RSV on renal and its signaling mechanisms. While HHE treatment resulted in decreased expression of Sirt1, AQP2, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), mouse cortical collecting duct cells (M1) cells treated with HHE exhibited increased activation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and increased expression of NOX4, $p47^{phox}$, Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1) and COX2. HHE treatment also induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation by promoting $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation. Meanwhile, the observed increases in nuclear $NF-{\kappa}B$, NOX4, $p47^{phox}$, and COX2 expression were attenuated by treatment with Bay 117082, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), or RSV. Our findings indicate that RSV inhibits the expression of inflammatory proteins and the production of reactive oxygen species in M1 cells by inhibiting $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.

mVoIP 기술동향 및 시장분석을 통한 산업 활성화 방안 (Industry Activation Scheme through mVoIP Technology Trends and Market Analysis)

  • 박세환;박종규;김정길
    • 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.477-482
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    • 2012
  • mVoIP 서비스는 WiFi, WiBro 및 3G 이동통신망 등을 통해 고속 이동 중에 100Mbps급의 전송률을 갖는 IP 네트워크로서 무선 데이터 서비스에 초점을 맞추어 개발된 기술이다. 2010년부터 급속히 대중화되기 시작한 스마트폰과 2011. 7월부터 본격 개시된 4G-LTE 서비스로 인해 mVoIP(mobile VoIP) 서비스가 급격한 성장세를 보이고 있다. 이 연구에서는 칩셋/모듈/단말 등의 기술개발 동향과 아울러 시장수요 분석을 통한 국내외 시장동향 조사 등을 토대로 mVoIP 서비스 산업 활성화 방안을 제시한다. mVoIP 서비스는 모바일기기에 App을 다운로드하여 소프트웨어적으로 혹은 WiFi 네트워크를 통해 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 따라서 제품개발 측면에서 커다란 변화는 없는 편이다. 4G-LTE의 경우 당연한 부가서비스로 제공될 것으로 예상되는바 시장원리 및 수요니즈에 입각한 서비스 전개가 필요하다.

DNA Single Strand Breaks of Perchloroethylene and Its Bio-degradation Products by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay in Mammalian Cell System

  • Jeon, Hee-Kyoung;Kim, Young-Seok;Sarma, Sailendra Nlath;Kim, Youn-Jung;Sang, Byoung-In;Ryu, Jae-Chun
    • Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.99-105
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    • 2005
  • Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene, PCE), a dry cleaning and degreasing solvent, can enter ground-water through accidental leak or spills. PCE can be degraded to trichloroethylene (TCE), 1, 1-dichloroethylene (DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) as potential bio-product. These compounds have been reported that they can cause clinical diseases and cytotoxicity. However, only a little genotoxic information of these compounds has been known. In this study, we investigated DNA single strand breaks of PCE, TCE, DCE and VC by single cell gel electrophoresis assay, (comet assay) which is a sensitive, reliable and rapid method for DNA single strand breaks with mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells. From these results, $37.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ of PCE, $189\;{\mu}g/ml$ of TCE and $56.4\;{\mu}g/ml$ of DCE were revealed significant DNA damages in the absence of S-9 metabolic activation system meaning direct-acting mutagen. And in the presence of S-9 metabolic activation system, $41.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ of PCE, $328.7\;{\mu}g/ml$ of TCE and $949\;{\mu}g/ml$ of DCE were induced significant DNA damage. In the case of VC, it was revealed a significant DNA damage in the presence of S-9 metabolic activation system. Therefore, we suggest that chloroethylene compounds (PCE, TCE, DCE and VC) may be induced the DNA damage in a mammalian cell.

HMGB1 Promotes the Synthesis of Pro-IL-1β and Pro-IL-18 by Activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB Through Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-products in Macrophages

  • He, Qiang;You, Hong;Li, Xin-Min;Liu, Tian-Hui;Wang, Ping;Wang, Bao-En
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.1365-1370
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    • 2012
  • The high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein and NALP3 inflammasome have been identified to play important roles in inflammation and cancer pathogenesis, but the relationships between the two and cancer remain unclear. The current study investigated the relationship between HMGB1 and the NALP3 inflammasome in THP-1 macrophages. HMGB1 was found unable to activate the NALP3 inflammasome and failed to induce the release of the IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-18 in THP-1 macrophages. HMGB1 was also found significantly enhanced the activity of ATP to induce IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-18 by the induction of increased expression of pro-IL-$1{\beta}$ and pro-IL-18. This process was dependent on activation of RAGE, MAPK p38 and NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway. These results demonstrate that HMGB1 promotes the synthesis of pro-IL-$1{\beta}$ and pro-IL-18 in THP-1 macrophages by the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ through RAGE. HMGB1 likely plays an important role in the first step of the release of the IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-18, preparing for other cytokines to induce excessive release of IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-18 which promote inflammation and cancer progression.

음식관광축제의 현황 및 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 - 광주.전남지역의 음식관광축제를 중심으로 - (A Study on the Current Status and Activation of Food Tourism Festivals - Centering around Gwangju, Jeonnam Province -)

  • 김장호
    • 한국조리학회지
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.129-145
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 광주 전남지역의 음식관광축제의 현황에 대해 살펴보고 이를 더욱더 활성화 시킬 수 있는 방안에 대하여 실증적인 연구를 통해 알아보고자 하였고, 이를 토대로 광주 전남지역의 음식관광축제의 활성화와 더불어 지역경제의 활성화에 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초자료로서 활용하고자 하였다. 실증분석을 위해 2011 광주김치대축제를 찾는 방문객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 250부의 설문지를 배부하여 207부를 실증분석에 이용하였다. PASW SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 신뢰도 분석, 빈도분석, 기술통계 분석, 교차분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 2011년 광주김치대축제를 찾은 방문객들은 음식과 음식관광축제에 많은 관심이 있는 음식관광객들로서 이 지역에 많은 애정을 가지고 있고, 다양한 식재료와 음식문화에도 많은 관심이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 광주 전남 지역의 음식관광축제를 활성화하기 위해서는 '관광객들은 체험관광을 즐긴다'는 최근의 추세를 반영하여, 음식체험관련 프로그램을 다양하게 구성할 필요성이 제기된다. 또한 각 지자체에서 판매하고 있는 향토음식, 토산품 및 음식관광상품을 보완 개발 할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

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응용아연(응용亞鉛) 도금공정(鍍金工程)에서 아연부착량(亞鉛附着量)에 관한 연구 (A Study of Zn-coating Weight in Hotdip Galvanizing Process)

  • 김완철;강성군;남승의
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 1978
  • 本 실험에서는 熔融亞鍍金工程에서 다른 諸要因을 一定하게 하고 鋼金溫度와 浸積時間에 따른 亞鉛附着量과 銑損失을 組織학的인 면에서 考察하였다. 銑損失에 要하는 活性化에너지를 구하였으며 試料範위內에서 附着量에 미치는 최적조건을 찾으므로서 不당한 銑損失을 막고 亞鉛原단位를 줄이는데 目的이 있다. 銑損失量과 드로스(Dross)발생량이 상호 密接한 關係에 있으며 도로스 발생량이 감소되면 亞鉛原단位가 감소되었다. 실驗結論은 다음과 같다. 1. 同一時間內에서 詩片-I은 470$^{\circ}$까지 도금층 두께 형성이 온도에 비례하며 浸積時間 8分정도에서 最大값을 나타낸다. 2. 詩片-5는 浸積時間에 比例해서 附着量이 급증함을 나타내었는데 이는 Si의 영향이 지배적이며 그 이외의 試料에서는 20分이후 附着量增加率이 극히 적었다. 浸積時間은 20分이 가장 적당하며 더 이상 오해 浸積시키면, 銑損失量만, 증가할 것이다. 3. 銑損失에 要하는 活性化에너지는 다음과 같으며 이와같은 값은 ${\gamma}$相의 成長에 미치는 活性化에너지 값과 거의 비슷하리라 생각됨. 詩片 - I = 18,500 Cal/mole 詩片 - III = 22,000 Cal/mole 詩片 - V = 42,300 Cal/mole

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사이버 쇼핑몰 환경에서 꽃시장 상품의 마케팅 활성화를 위한 서비스 전략 (Marketing service activation strategies for the floral market products in the cyber shopping mall environment)

  • 신성윤;이현창
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제18권8호
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2013
  • 사이버 쇼핑몰은IT 기술발전에 힘입어 다양하고 급속하게 성장하면서 온라인 쇼핑 업체들 사이에 경쟁은 더욱 가열되고 있다. 이로 인하여 온 오프라인에서 업체들의 차별화된 마케팅 전략과 특징이 절실하게 요구되며, 자체 경쟁력 확보를 위한 분석과 투자에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 특히, 꽃시장의 경우에 오프라인에서 온라인이 병행되고, 전국시장 네트워크가 형성됨으로써 소규모 업체들의 시장진입과 경쟁력 확보가 매우 어려워지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 온라인 꽃시장 활성화와 꽃 배달 서비스 강화 방안을 위해 시장에서 상위에 랭크된 사이트 분석과 시장 현황 분석 및 서비스 전략 방안을 제시하며, 이를 실현하기 위한 사이트 구축에 관하여 기술하였다. 이를 통해 꽃 배달 서비스 강화를 통한 꽃 시장 마케팅 활성화와 경쟁력을 통해 시장에서의 입지 강화를 기대해 볼 수 있다.