• 응용통계연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2015

생명과학 또는 의학 연구에서는 반복 측정된 변수들 간의 상관 관계를 보고자 하는 경우가 발생한다. 반복 측정된 것을 고려하지 않으면 상관관계를 과소 추정하는 경향이 나타나므로 이를 고려해야 하며, 선형혼합모형의 분산-공분산 행렬을 이용하여 상관관계를 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 변수들의 반복 측정이 동시에 된 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우로 나누어 혼합모형을 이용한 상관계수의 추정방법을 소개한다. 고속 음향 복사력 임펄스 영상(acoustic radiation force impulse imaging; ARFI)으로 간과 비장에서 각각 세 번씩 전단파 속도를 반복 측정하고 복부 초음파 검사로 비장 길이를 측정한 자료에서 전단파 속도와 비장 길이 간의 상관 관계를 분석하기 위해 본 논문에서 소개한 방법들을 적용하였고 SAS의 PROC MIXED를 이용하는 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2008

회전하는 물체의 표면에 걸리는 정상하중에 의해 발생되는 소음을 이론적으로 해석하여 그 방사특성을 분석하였다. 해석의 편의성을 위해, 물체의 표면에 걸리는 힘은 표면 전체에 고루 분포된 분산하중이 아닌 한 점에 집중된 점하중으로 표현하였고, 소음계산은 엄밀한 Lowson의 하중소음식을 사용하였다. Lowson 식의 각 항들을 수학적으로 보다 자세하게 구분하여 각 항들이 가지는 물리적 특성에 대해 논의하였다. 회전각속도를 변화시켜가며 단일 점하중에 의해 발생되는 소음의 방사특성을 근거리 및 원거리에서 조사하였고 그에 대한 이론적 근거를 제시하였다. 또한 거리에 따른 음압의 크기를 조사하여 근거리와 원거리에서의 음압감소비율 및 회전각가속도의 역할에 대해 논의하였다. 마지막으로, 점하중의 개수가 증가될 때 소음이 오히려 감소하는 현상을 설명함과 더불어 소음저감의 방안과 그 한계점 및 향후 연구주제에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1991년도 춘계학술대회논문집; 한국해사기술연구소, 대전; 1 Jun. 1991
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• pp.41-45
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• 1991

구조 진동에 의해 발생하는 Relative Sound Power를 계산하는 문제가 최근 에 중요시되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 조화적인 집중하중에 대한 무한 탄성보 에서 방출하는 Relative Sound Power를 연구한다. Sound Power는 수치적으 로 적분되고 몇가지 인자들의 함수로써 적분인자를 표시하였다. Keitie와 Peng[2]는 진동하는 보로부터의 방출하는 Relative Sound Power에 대한 하 중 길이의 효과, 그리고 water 하중을 받는 보에서 방출하는 Acoustic radiation에 대한 Source 운동과 기초 강성의 효과를 연구하였다. 보의 진동 응답에서 light fluid loading과 heavy fluid loading에 의한 양쪽의 반응을 고 려한다. 보에는 기초 강성과 Damping 그리고 장력이 작용한다. water 하중 과 air 하중을 받는 보에서 Damping의 변화에 대한 보로부터 방출하는 relative sound power의 크기를 결정하였다. 일반적으로 인장력보다 압축력 이 작용할 때 relative sound power level이 크다는 것을 알고 있다. 실제로 인장력이나 압축력이 보에 작용할 때 relative sound power에 얼마나 영향을 미치는가를 계산하였다. 그리고 진동계로부터 방출하는 sound fluid loading 과 기초 강성에 기인한 복잡한 효과를 해석하였다. 이 논문의 목적은 강성계 수와 wavenumber 비, 그리고 fluid loading에 대한 sound power의 응답에 대하여 설명하고자 한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2002

Sirocco fans are widely used in HVAC and air conditioning systems, and the noise generated by these machines causes one of the most serious problems. In general, the sirocco fan noise is often dominated by tones at BPF(blade passage frequency) and broadband noise. However, only a few researches have been carried out on predicting the aeroacoustic noise because of the difficulty in obtaining detailed information about the flow field and casing effects on noise radiation. The objective of this study is to develop a prediction method for the unsteady flow field and the acoustic pressure field of a sirocco fan. We assume that the impeller rotates with a constant angular velocity and the flow field around the impeller is incompressible and inviscid. So, a discrete vortex method (DVM) is used to model the centrifugal fan and to calculate the flow field. The force of each element on the blade is calculated by the unsteady Bernoulli equation. Lowson\`s method is used to predict the acoustic source. Reasonable results are obtained not only fur the tonal noise but also far the amplitudes of the broadband noise. Acoustic pressure is proportional to (Ω)2.3, which is the similar value with the measured data.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1999

Centrifugal fans are widely used and the noise generated by these machines causes one of the most serious problems. In general, the centrifugal fan noise is often dominated by tones at BPF(blade passage frequency) and its higher harmonics. This is a consequence of the strong interaction between the flow discharged from the impeller and the cutoff in the casing. However, only a few researches have been carried out on predicting the noise due to the difficulty in obtaining detailed information about the flow field and casing effects on noise radiation. The objective of this study is to develop a prediction method for the unsteady flow field and the acoustic pressure field of a centrifugal fan and to calculate the effects of rotating velocity, flow rate, cut-off distance and the number of blades and its effects on the noise of the fan. We assume that the impeller rotates with a constant angular velocity and the flow field around the impeller is incompressible and inviscid. So, a discrete vortex method (DVM) is used to model the centrifugal fan and to calculate the flow field. The force of each element on the blade is calculated with the unsteady Bernoulli equation. Lowson's method is used to predict the acoustic source. The cut-off distance is the most important factor effecting the noise generation. Acoustic pressure is proportional to 2.8, which shows the same scaling index as the experimental result. In this paper, the cut-off distance is found to be the dominant parameter offecting the acoustic pressure.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.103-108
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• 2001

The structure of hard disk drive(HDD) is excited by dynamic motion of a disk-spindle motor, and it makes sound noise. Therefore, the cover and the base of HDD should be designed to reduce noise and vibration induced by spindle motor. The prediction technique of sound pressure level(SPL) of a given structural shape enables us to design a cover and a base with much less vibration and noise. In this paper, we measured the force of disk-spindle motor and predicted SPL from HDD by computational simulation. To get a SPL of HDD by computational simulation, modal analysis and forced vibration analysis were performed with ANSYS, and sound radiation was computed using SYSNOISE. The calculated results were compared with experimental results and a good agreement was obtained. With this computer simulation procedure and design of experiment(DOE), optimal thickness of noise barrier and damper was calculated.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.954-960
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• 2001

Axial fans are widely used in heavy machines due to their ability to produce high cooling of engines. At the same time. the noise generated by these fans causes or serious problems. This work is concerned with the low noise technique of discrete. The prediction model. which allowed the calculation of acoustic pressure at the frequency and it's harmonics, has been developed by Farrasat and the Helmholtz-Kir. The newly developed Helmholtz-Kirchhoff BEM for thin body is used to calculate the sound field of the fan that is located in a engine room. To calculate the unsteady resultant force over blade. Time-Marching Free-Wake Method are used. The fan noise of fan sys unsymmetric engine-room is predicted. In this paper. the discussion is confined to and discrete noise of axial fan and front Part of engine room in heavy equipments.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 I
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• pp.291-296
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• 2001

Recently, many methods are studied to analyze the noise of HDD and to reduce it. In this study, the simulation tool(SPATH) was developed to analyze a noise of HDD. The prediction technique of sound pressure level(SPL) of a given structural shape enables us to design a cover and a base with much less vibration and noise. In this paper, we measured the force of disk-spindle motor and predicted SPL from HDD by computational simulation. To get a SPL of HDD by computational simulation, modal analysis and forced vibration analysis were performed with ANSYS, and sound radiation was computed using SYSNOISE. The calculated results were compared with experimental results and a good agreement was obtained.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2011

Vibrations and noise in electrical machines are directly related to the characteristics of the radial forces on one hand, and mechanical behavior on the other [1, 4]. The characteristics of these forces depend on the air gap flux density, which is also influenced by other factors, such as stator slots and poles, saturation level, winding type, and certain faults. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of eccentricity and demagnetization faults on electromagnetic noise generated by the external surface of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine [PMSM]. For this purpose, an analytical electromagnetic vibroacoustic model is developed. The results confirm the effect of eccentricity and demagnetization fault in generating some low modes radial forces.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 II
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• pp.1393-1393
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• 2001

This paper reviews the Lawson formula which predicts the sound field of a point force in arbitrary motion. The acoustic density was represented by an integral of integrand including the generalized function and its partial derivative at retarded time. After skillful integration, a mathematically exact formula was yielded with some terms which were still remained in need of numerical calculations. The significance of further mathematical progress is discussed in this paper. And also, the adequacy of procedures deriving the far- and near-field terms is investigated from the viewpoint of radiation.