• Title/Summary/Keyword: Aconitum

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An Experimental Study on Single-dose and 4 Weeks Repeated-dose Toxicity of Aconitum ciliare Decaisne Pharmacopuncture (초오약침의 단회 및 4주 반복 투여 독성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Hyun Su;Lee, Yun Kyu;Lee, Bong Hyo;Kim, Jae Soo;Lim, Sung Chul;Lee, Hyun-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.241-250
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    • 2017
  • Objectives : This study was performed to examine the toxicity of Aconitum ciliare Decaisne pharmacopuncture(ADP). Methods : The toxicity was evaluated for lethal dose for 50 percent kill(LD50), single dose and repeated dose for 4 weeks. Toxic symptoms, weight measurement, hematological test, blood biochemical test, visual examination and weight measurement of major organs and histopathological test were observed for 4 weeks. Dose of 300, 600, 1,200, 2,400, 3,600, 4,800, 6,000, 7,200 mg/kg in the LD50 experiment, 300, 600, 1,200 mg/kg/day in the single experiment, 150, 300, 600 mg/kg/day in 4 weeks experiments were injected into BALB/c mice. The ADP was injected into ST36 of the right leg. Normal saline solution of same volume was used for control group. In 24 hours after the last treatment, blood samples were taken after anesthesia by inhalation of ethyl ether. After that, the BALB/c mice were euthanized. Their heart, lungs, kidneys, liver and reproductive organs were removed and weighed. Histopathological evaluation was also performed. Results : ADP's LD50 was measured at 6,000 mg/kg. In both single and repeated dose toxicity test, no BALB/c mouse died during the experiments. ADP treatment for 4 weeks did not show any significant changes in toxic symptoms, weight measurement, hematological test, blood biochemical test, visual examination and weight measurement of major organs and histopathological test. Conclusions : As a result, ADP's LD50 was 6,000 mg/kg and repeated dose at a concentration of 600 mg/kg or less is considered to be not harmful for clinical treatment.

Environment and Vegetation Characteristics of Aconitum austrokoreense Koidz. habitats (세뿔투구꽃의 자생지 식생과 환경특성)

  • Park, Jeong-Geun;Pi, Jung-hun;Jung, Ji-young;Park, Jeong-seok;Yang, Hyung-ho;Lee, Cheul-ho;Suh, Gang-uk;Son, Sung-won
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.896-907
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    • 2016
  • The habitat characteristics of Aconitum austrokoreense Koidz. were investigated to provide basic data for conservation and restoration. The altitude ranged from 260m to 728m with inclinations of $4-39^{\circ}$. As a result of vegetation survey within natural populations, a total of 147 taxa were identified inside 20 quadrates in 7 natural habitats. The importance value of Aconitum austrokoreense was 23.0% based on the coverage and frequency of the herbaceous layer and sat is more dominant. Species diversity was 1.23, and dominace and evenness were found to be 0.22 and 0.77, respectively. The soil type were silty loam (four sites), sandy loam (two sites) and loam (one site). The average field organic matter was 7.83% and the total nitrogen and pH were 0.35, and 5.69. Correlation analysis between environmental factors and population characteristic showed the correlations between chlorophyll content and slope, flowering rate and soil humidity. Conservation on habitats conditions is important for stable maintenance the flora and the surrounding area including habitats has to be designated a protection area for habitats conservation.

Effects of Aconitum Koreanum Extract on the Growth, Acid Production, Adhesion and Insoluble Glucan Synthesis of Streptococcus Mutans (백부자 에탄올 추출물의 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 성장, 산생성, 부착 및 비수용성 글루칸 합성억제에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Sun Young;An, So Youn;Lee, Min Woo;Kwon, Sim Kyo;Lee, Dong Hyuk;Jeon, Byung Hun;Kim, Kang Ju;You, Yong Ouk
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2015
  • Streptococcus mutans triggers dental caries establishment by two major factors. One is synthesis of organic acids which demineralize dental enamel and the other is synthesis of glucans which mediate the attachment of bacteria to the tooth surface. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the ethanol extracts of Aconitum koreanum (A. koreanum ) on the growth and acid production of S. mutans. Ethanol extracts of the A. koreanum showed concentration dependent inhibitory activity against the growth and acid production of S. mutans, and produced significant inhibition at the concentration of 0.016 mg/ml compared to the control groups (p<0.05). The extracts inhibited S. mutans adherence to hydroxyapatite treated with saliva, and cell adherence was repressed by 50%, 54% at the concentration of 0.063, 0.125 mg/ml. On the study of activation of glucosyltransferase which synthesizes water insoluble glucan form sucrose, the ethanol extract of A. koreanum showed remarkable inhibition over the concentration of 0.016, 0.031, 0.063 and 0.125 mg/ml (p<0.05). Especially on the concentration of 0.063, 0.125 mg/ml, the extracts suppressed the glucan synthesis by 100%. We analyzed the component of the extracts of A. koreanum. The results showed that the extract of A. koreanum had strong phenolic compound, glycosides and organic acids. These results suggest that A. koreanum may inhibit the caries-inducing properties of S. mutans, and which may be related with strong phenolic compound, glycosides and organic acids.

An Investigation on the Flora and Life Form in Mt. Sori (소리봉의 지물상 및 생활형)

  • Lee, Nam Suk;Sung Hee Yeau
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.33-59
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    • 1983
  • An investigation has been performed on the flora and life form of the vascular plants at Mt. Sori in Kwangneung from March to November in 1982. In a survey field trip, 539 species, 344 genera, 102 families of plants. are collected. Among them Hylomecon vernale, Aconitum coreanum, A. pseudoproliferum, Adonis amurensis, Anemone raddeana is important plant in this area and they are becoming sparse than past. In the life form spectrum hemiryptophytes is 40.6%.

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Antibacterial Activities of Some Herb Drugs (수종(數種) 한약(漢藥)의 항균작용(抗菌作用)에 대(對)하여)

  • Choe, Yeong-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.302-307
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    • 1986
  • Sixteen kinds of Chinese herb drugs using in digestive system have screened for antibacterial activity. It was revealed that all of the herb drug extracts showed antibacterial activity in one or more strains of microbials selected in this experiments. It is noteworthy that Aconitum trilobum showed inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

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New Taxa of Korean Flora(4) (한국의 신분류군(신종과 신품종) 식물에 대하여(4))

  • 이영노
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.175-180
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    • 1982
  • This paper is proposed to describe three new species and four varieties from Cheju Island to central part of Korea in Southern Korea. The new plant taxa are as follows: clematis taeguensis Y. Lee, sp. nov.; Prunus linearipetalus Y. Lee, sp. nov.; Vicia linearifolia Y. Lee, sp. nov.; Clematis brachyura Maxim. var. hexasepala Y. Lee, var. nov.; Ranunculus quelpaertensis(Lev.) Nakai var. albiflorus Y. Lee, var. nov.; Aconitum napiforme Lev. et Vaniot var. albiflorum Y. Lee, var. nov.; Ajuga decumbens Thunb. var. rosa Y. Lee, var. nov.

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Two new acylated neoline derivatives from Aconiti Tuber

  • Shim, Sang-Hee;Kim, Ju-Sun;Kang, Sam-Sik
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.388.1-388.1
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    • 2002
  • Aconiti Tuber (Aconitum spp. tuber, Ranunculaceae) which contains bioactive but toxic alkaloids has been used as analgesic. cardiotonic, diuretic. and stimulant. We have previously reported two new C-19 norditerpenoid alkaloids and five known norditerpenoid alkaloids. Further study has now led to the isolation of two new norditerpenoid alkaloids. 14-O-anisoylneoline and 14-O-veratroylneoline. (omitted)

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A Study on Herbal Formulas and their origin in Mayaku-ku(麻藥考) (마취 전문서 "마약고(麻藥考)"의 처방과 그 원류에 대한 연구)

  • Park, Sang-Young;Oh, Jun-Ho;Kwon, Oh-Min
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.27-38
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    • 2013
  • Objective : This article shows that while Seishu Hanaoka(華岡靑洲) is known to have developed an effective anesthetic formula composed of traditional herbs and performed the world first partial mastectomy under a general anesthesia in 1804, anesthetic formulas very similar to those developed by him were widely recorded and deemed used in Japan and Northeast Asia before his invention. The origin of the formulas will be tracked down to compare with the several formulas broadly administered in the region. Methods : Historical literature analysis was adopted to achieve the objective. 1. Mayaku-ku (麻藥考): this book is the main medical classic by Nakagawa Syutei(中川修亭) that introduces Seishu Hanaoka, his anesthetic formulas and mastectomy. 2. Northeast medical classics: Seuideukhyobang (世醫得效方) in 1337, Uibangryuchui (醫方類聚), Uihui(宜彙) and so on. Result : Herbs such as aconitum and datura were applied as a anesthetic agent early on before the Chinese Yuan dynasty. In Korea as well, some old medical books documented such use of those herbs and relevant formulas. Conclusion : Formulas that counted as invented and employed by Seishu Hanaoka as anesthetics, in fact, had been widely known and used in the region before his era. We should pay due attention to his creativity that combined a western surgical intervention and traditional anesthetic agents and successfully performed a newly introduced surgical practice in Japan. The point is that Hanaoka took note of anesthetic herbs or formulas traditionally inherited in North-east Asian medicine and successfully applied them to the surgical procedures for breast cancer, or mastectomy and mammotomy. This history alerts us to neglected or forgotten potentials of traditional medicine in anesthetic treatment and more.

Molecular Identification and Chemical Analysis of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber on the Domestic Markets (국내 시장에서 유통되는 초오의 DNA 감별과 화학적 분석)

  • Jang, Hyeri;Joe, Kyeong-Hwa;Song, Kwangho;Lee, Kyoung Jin;Park, Sait Byul;Lee, Chaemin;Ha, In Jin;Lee, Kyungjin;Suh, Youngbae;Kim, Yeong Shik
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.145-154
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    • 2018
  • Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber has been traditionally used to treat the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and joint pain. The main constituents are diterpenoid alkaloids such as benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconine, mesaconitine, aconitine, and hypaconitine. In Korea, Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber is officially defined as the tubers of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb., A. ciliare Decasisne, and A. triphyllum Nakai. On the other hand, only the tuber of A. kusnezoffii is to be used in China. In order to identify the botanical origin of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber circulated in Korea, we analyzed 24 samples of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber obtained from local markets for comparative DNA analysis. The sequence analysis of nrRNA ITS 1 was useful to distinguish Aconitum species and revealed that the roots of A. karakolicum were circulated in Korean markets without discretion. HPLC quantitative analysis showed that aconitine was detected at the highest amount in A. karakolicum. Authentic diterpenoid alkaloids were coinjected for quantification of aconitine-type ingredients. All data were statistically grouped by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This study suggests that both molecular and chemical analyses should be utilized for the standardization and the quality control for Aconiti Kusnezoffii Tuber.