• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2014

pH adjustment would be of advantage in improving the water holding capacity of muscle proteins. The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of fish sarcoplasmic protein (SP) solution, which was adjusted to pH 3.0 or 12.0, neutralized to pH 7.0, and lyophilized to obtain the acid- and alkaline-treated SP samples, on the functional properties of the chicken myofibrillar protein induced by microbial transglutaminase (MTG). The solubility of alkaline-treated SP was higher than that of the acid counterpart; however, those values of the two pH-treated samples were lower than that of normal SP (p<0.05). All SP solutions were mixed with myofibrillar proteins (MP) extracted from chicken breast, and incubated with MTG. The shear stresses of MP with acid- and alkaline-treated SP were higher than that of normal SP. The thermal stability of MP mixture reduced upon adding SP, regardless of the pH treatment. The breaking force of MP gels with acid-treated SP increased more than those of alkaline-treated SP, while normal SP showed the highest value. The MP gel lightness increased, but cooking loss reduced, with the addition of SP. Smooth microstructure of the gel surface was observed. These results indicated that adjusting the pH of SP improved the water holding capacity of chicken myofibrillar proteins induced by MTG.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2016

The antioxidant activity of silkworm powder treated by proteolytic enzyme was investigated. Total protein content of silkworm power was assayed using BCA, Bradford assays and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with alkaline protease treatment conditions including temperature and pH. The optimum condition of alkaline protease treatment for silkworm powder was found to be $60^{\circ}C$ and pH 7. The alkaline protease treatment resulted in increased contents of free amino acids, total polyphenol and total flavonoid compared to control group. The silkworm hydrolysates showed excellent antioxidant activities in various in vitro models such as 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2 - azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6)-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. These results provide useful information for using silkworm powder as an ingredient in functional foods and for exploiting alkaline protease treatment to improve the extractability and bioactivity of a raw material.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2016

Plants response to phosphate starvation include the changes of activity of some enzymes, such as phosphatases, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sucrose-phosphate synthase and nitrate reductase. In this study, to determine the effects of phosphate starvation on the change of activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sucrose-phosphate synthase, and nitrate reductase were studied in melon seedlings (Cucumis melo L.). The content of the protein and chlorophyll tended to relatively reduced in melon seedlings subjected to phosphate starvation. Acid phosphatase activity in first and second leaves of melon seedlings was relatively higher than that of third and fourth leaves of seedlings in 14 days after phosphate starvation treatment, respectively. Active native-PAGE band patterns of acid phosphatase in melon leaves showed similar to activities of acid phosphatase, whereas alkaline phosphatase activity was different from the change in the activity of acid phosphatase. Inorganic phosphate content in melon seedlings leaves was constant. The changes of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and sucrose phosphate synthase activities showed similar patterns in melon seedlings leaves, and between these enzymes activities and phosphate nutrition negatively related. Fructose-1,6- bisphosphatase and sucrose phosphate synthase activities showed significant difference in second and fourth leaves, but nitrate reductase showed significant difference in first and second leaves in 14days after phosphate starvation treatment. We concluded that phosphate nutrition could affect the distribution of phosphate, carbon and nitrogen in melon seedlings.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2011

A uniform chromium-free conversion coating treated with an alkaline phosphate- permanganate solution was formed on the AZ 31 magnesium alloy. The effect of acid pickling on the morphology and on the corrosion resistance of the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was investigated. The chemical composition and phase structure of conversion coating layer were determined via optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, XPS and XRD. Results show that the conversion coatings are relatively uniform and continuous, with thickness 1.8 to $2.4\;{\mu}m$. The alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was mainly composed of elements Mg, O, P, Al and Mn. The conversion-coated layers were stable compounds of magnesium oxide and spinel ($MgAl_2O_4$). These compounds were excellent inhibitors to corrosion. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization technique. EIS results showed a polarization resistance of $0.1\;k{\Omega}$ for the untreated Mg and $16\;k{\Omega}$ for the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment sample, giving an improvement of about 160 times. The results of the electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the corrosion resistance of the AZ 31 magnesium alloy was improved by the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2013

제당폐수를 산 또는 알카리 전 처리한 후 생물학적 수소생산율과 유기산의 생성특성을 평가하였다. 제당 폐수의 수소발생량은 산 전처리된 경우 보다 알칼리 전처리된 시료에서 약 70%의 발생량 증가를 나타내었다. 또한 제당폐수 원액에 적절한 영양염류(질소 인)를 공급하였을 때 보다 양호한 수소생성률을 보여주었다. 제당폐수의 혐기발효에 있어서 탄수화물의 분해와 수소생성의 직접적인 연관성은 나타나지 않았다. Butyric acid/Acetic acid (B/A)비와 수소생산의 연관성을 살펴보았을 때, 영양염류를 첨가한 제당폐수는 순수 제당폐수보다 B/A비가 약 3배 증가하였으며 알카리 전처리와 영양염류를 첨가한 시료에서 B/A비가 4.02로 가장 높게 나타났다. 실험에 사용된 전체 시료에서 B/A비가 클수록 수소생성률이 높았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.279-286
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• 1989

Alkaline protease 생성능이 강한 Aspergillus fumigatus을 토양에서 분리동정하고, 효소생산조건을 구명한 결과 $30^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 배양하였을 때 최고활성을 나타냈으며 생산된 조효소를 황산암모늄염석, Sephadex G-25, G-150 gel filteration과 DEAE-Cellulose컬럼 chromatography로 정제하여 수율 6.4%, 정제정도 86.13배의 효소를 얻었고 polyacrylamide gel 전기영동에 의해 단일밴드인 것을 확인하였다. 정제효소의 분자량은 63000정도 였으며, 17종의 아미노산으로 구성되어 있고, 그 중 glycine과 glutamic acid가 가장 많고 methionine과 cystine이 가장 적었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2017

알루미늄 재활용공정에서 화이트드로스와 블랙드로스가 발생한다. 블랙드로스에 함유된 유용 성분을 회수할 수 있는 공정은 아직까지 개발되지 않았다. 습식공정은 알루미늄 드로스의 처리에 적합하다. 블랙드로스에 함유된 염은 물로 용해시켜 회수할 수 있다. 염회수 후 잔사는 알칼리용액이나 산용액으로 침출한다. 알칼리용액에서 침출속도는 산성용액에서의 속도보다 낮지만, 중간생성물이 알루미나를 함유한 제품을 생산하기에 더욱 적합하다. 알루미늄 드로스의 처리 및 유용성분의 회수를 위한 방향에 대해 고찰했다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1064-1072
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• 1999

Nylon fabric was grafted for the purpose of the development of detergency against the hemoglobin as a protein soil. By free-radical producing chemical initiator systems the graft using acrylic acid(AA) as a hydrophilic vinyl monomer was performed to change surface energies in the presence of ammonium persulfate(APS) as an initiator and then acrylic acid grafted Nylon was treated with NaOH solution. The surface morphology for Nylon-g-NaAA with changing graft rate were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The properties of the Nylon such as diameter tenacity elongation contact angle and the hemoglobin removal were also investigated. The diameter of grafted Nylon fiber increased as the graft ratio increased. The tenacity of grafted Nylon also increased with increasing graft ratio up to 15% The elongation however decreased gradually according to graft, The contact angle decreased after graft and alkaline treatment. The amount of hemoglobin on the grafted Nylon increased in proportion to the graft ratio. Hemoglobin was easily removed from grafted Nylon while it was difficult to be removed from ungrafted Nylon. The detergency of hemoglobin for grafted Nylon decreased when the graft ratio exceeded 15% The removal of hemoglobin increased markedly with increasing hemoglobin content and revolution speed. Therefore the removal of hemoglobin was improved due to graft and alkaline treatment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 1978

번데기의 식품용달개발(食品用達開發)을 위해 몇가지 실험(實驗)을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 번데기의 이취(異臭)는 지방분(脂肪分)의 추출(抽出)로 제거(除去)할 수 있었다. 그 최적조건(最適條件)은 끊는 n-hexane으로 1시간조리(時關處理)하는 것이었다. 2. 실온(室溫)으로 방치(放置)한 번데기의 일반세균수(一般細菌數)는 6일(日)까지는 현저한 증가(增加)를 보이지 않았으며 균수(藝數)$10^8$을 초과하지 않아도 부패(腐敗)하여 식용(食用)하기 어렵게 되었다. 3. 강화가공용(强化加工用)의 탈지(脫脂)번데기는 수분(水分) 1.3%, 조단백(組蛋白) 76.0%, 조지방(組脂肪) 0.8%, 조회분(組灰分) 4.8%의 조성(組成)을 가졌다. 4. 제취목적(除臭目的)으로 alkali 처리(處理)를 하였으나 별(別)로 효과(效果)를 인정할 수 없었다. 5. 번데기의 脂肪酸組成은 myristic acid 0.35%, palmitic acid 20.90%, palmitoleic acid 0.50%, stearic acid 7.11%, oleic acid 32.20%, linoleic acid 6.48%, linolenic acid 30.31%였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.320-325
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• 1994

볏짚의 사료가치를 증진시키기 위하여 알카리성 과산화수소를 이용하여 볏짚에 대한 처리수준별 화학성분의 변화와 in vitro 소화율을 조사 검토하였다. $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$의 처리농도를 증가시킬수록 neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose 및 lignin이 감소하였으며 $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$를 처리한 후 수세시는 농도가 증가할수록 NDF, hemicellulose 및 lignin은 감소한 반면 ADF, cellulose, 회분은 증가하였다. 알카리성 과산화수소의 농도를 4%로 조정하여 처리하였을 때 pH는 $11.5{\sim}12.5$에서, 온도는 $55^{\circ}C$에서 세포벽구성물질의 분해에 효과적이었으며, 4% $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$ 처리시 볏짚의 크기가 작을수록 잔류건물 중, hemicellulose, cellulose 및 lignin이 감소하였다. 알카리성 과산화수소의 처리에 의한 in vitro 소화율은 처리농도 및 pH가 증가할수록 볏짚의 크기가 작을수록 증가하였다.