• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 1996

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the water extract of the puffer fish Fugu xanthopterus(FXH) on the alcohol induced hyperuricemia. The normal group and the FXH treated group showed no sigbificant changes in the levels of blood uric acid but, the blood uric acid significantly decreased in the FXh treated rats with 100mg/kg for two weeks compared to the ethanol treated group. There were no significant changes in the activities of uricase, adenosine deaminase, guanine deaminase, and purine uncleoside phosphorylase, among all the test group. But the activitis of liver xanthine oxidase were recovered to the normal level in ethanol +FXH treated group comparing to the ethanol treated group. Furthermore, ethanol+FXH treated rats showed the similar pattern in the levels of blood uric acid and urinary allantoin with normal group. These results indicate that the decreased blood uric acid by the FXH treatment of the alcohol induced hyperuricemia rats may result from decreased activity of hepatic xanthine oxidase.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.807-811
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• 2005

This experiment examined the characteristics of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) prepared by the addition of glucose, sucrose and molasses as a fermentation substrate. The effect of FJLB on the fermentative quality and changes in chemical composition during fermentation of guineagrass silage were also investigated. The pH value of the silages treated with FJLB rapidly decreased, and reached to the lowest value within 7 days of start of fermentation, as compared to the control. The number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the treated silages increased for the first 3 days, thereafter the number of LAB declined gradually up to the end of the experiment. Silages treated with FJLB had larger populations of LAB than the control. Ammonia-nitrogen production increased throughout the ensiling period, which in the control and no-sugar added FJLB silages were higher than the other treated silages. Lactic acid levels varied with the time of ensiling and among the silage treatments. For any sugar FJLB treated silages, the lactic acid increased initially, and then slightly reduced to less than 50 g/kg of dry matter until 49 days after ensiling, except the silage treated with glucose added FJLB. Nevertheless, lactic acid content of the control decreased constantly from the beginning of ensiling and was not found after 35 days. Moreover, acetic acid content increased throughout the ensiling period. All the FJLB treated silages had significantly (p<0.05) lower pH and ammonia-nitrogen content, while significantly (p<0.05) higher lactic acid content and V-score value compared with the control. This study confirmed that the applying of FJLB with any sugar substrate improved fermentative quality of silage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1284-1288
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• 2009

To produce high quality fish oil products, additional deodorization experiments on purified fish oil from squid using columns filled with citric acid or gluconic acid were performed. A deodorization effect on the fish oil was observed on both the citric acid and gluconic acid columns. These effects were more efficient on the columns packed with 3 g of organic acid than those with 1 g or 2 g of organic acid. In addition, a better effect was observed in the column packed with gluconic acid than that with citric acid. Peroxide value (POV) and acid value (AV) of the sample treated with citric acid was the as same as the non-treated sample. However, POV and AV of the sample treated with gluconic acid were about 10% higher than the non-treated sample. Contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of the samples treated with citric acid or gluconic acid columns were about 0.5% higher than the non-treated sample. In conclusion, deodorization of squid fish oil by organic acid could be an efficient method to produce high quality fish oil products.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.469-476
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• 2003

In order to examine the pre-treatment effect of crab shell en Pb$^{2+}$ removal by crab shell in aqueous solution, acid and alkali pre-treated crab shell were used. Electron microscopy techniques such as TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometry techniques were used to investigate the process of Pb$^{2+}$ removal by acid and alkali pre-treated crab shell. The Pb$^{2+}$ removal by acid pre-treated crab shell was much lower than that by untreated crab shell because of the decrease of CaCO$_3$ from the crab shell. However, the Pb$^{2+}$removal by alkali pre-treated crab shell increased compared to that by untreated crab shell. The results were confirmed by TEM, SEM, EDX and FTIR.nd FTIR.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2003

Kimchi made with the addition of 2 percent of boiled young antler, raw young antler, young antler treated with lactic acid(acid treated young antler) has been fermented for 15 days at 11$^{\circ}C$. After 15 days of fermentation, the results show that pH of boiled young antler Kimchi was 3.87, that of raw young antler Kimchi was 4.04, acid treated young antler Kimchi was 3.97, control Kimchi was 3.86, and acidity of boiled young antler Kimchi was 7.4, that of raw young antler Kimchi was 10.5, that of acid treated young antler Kimchi was 10.7, control Kimchi was 6.9, respectively. After 15 days, total sugar content was 1.46% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 0.53% in raw young antler Kimchi, 0.92% in acid treated young antler Kimchi, 1.46% in control Kimchi, and reducing sugar was 0.50% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 0.14% in raw young antler Kimchi, 0.39% in acid treated young antler Kimchi and control Kimchi, respectively. Amino acid content was 13.42${\mu}$㏖/$m\ell$ in boiled young antler Kimchi, 17.83${\mu}$㏖/$m\ell$ in raw young antler Kimchi, 14.48${\mu}$㏖/$m\ell$ in acid treated young antler Kimchi, 17.60${\mu}$㏖/$m\ell$ in control Kimchi, and protein was 2.101% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 1.945% in raw young antler Kimchi, 1.722% in acid treated young antler Kimchi and 2.011% in control Kimchi, respectively. Lactic acid content was 2.021% in raw young antler Kimchi, 2.004% in acid treated young antler Kimchi, 1.950% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 1.200% in control Kimchi, and succinic acid was 0.081% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 0.086% in raw young antler Kimchi, 0.078% in acid treated young antler Kimchi and 0.111% in control Kimchi, respectively. Acetic acid was 0.080% in boiled young antler Kimchi, 0.092% in raw young antler Kimchi, 0.114% in acid treated young antler Kimchi, 0.086% in control Kimchi, respectively. The number of microorganism was 1.09${\times}$ 10$\^$8//g in boiled young antler Kimchi, 1.08${\times}$10$\^$8//g in control Kimchi, 9.88${\times}$10$\^$8//g in acid treated young antler Kimchi and 6.6${\times}$ 10$\^$8//g in raw young antler Kimchi. The number of microorganism was highest in acid treated young antler Kimchi, and followed by raw young antler Kimchi, and boiled young antler Kimchi, control Kimchi, respectively. The results of test of the saltness, sour, aroma, color, texture through sensory evaluation reveal that boiled young antler Kimchi has the excellent taste, and followed by raw young antler Kimchi and control Kimchi, acid treated young antler Kimchi, respectively.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2009

Chitosan and CA/BTCA were employed in order to induce crosslinking in the fiber for the improvement of wrinkle recovery of the cotton fabrics and the endowment of anti-microbial functions to the fabric. The treated fabrics were dyed by using reactive dyestuff and their dyeing behaviors were investigated. As a result, the fabric treated with chitosan only exhibited more dye-uptake amount than the untreated fabric, and the treated and untreated fabrics together showed excellent light-fastness and wash-fastness. In the cases that CA or BTCA was added to the chitosan, the CA-treated showed better dye-uptake and dyeing properties as light-fastness than the BTCA-treated. In conclusion, it is possible to maintain the dye-uptake level at reduced treatment cost when the CA is employed as a substitute cross-linking agent for BTCA.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.9-14
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• 2012

Currently a variety of efforts to conserve and restore the injured the Annal of the Joseon Dynasty are continued and many studies about the aging pathway of the beeswax-treated volume have being progressed. In this study, two chambers were set up to assess the influence of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) generated in process of beeswax deterioration. One chamber was closed and the other was continuously ventilated in order to remove the VOCs. In results, the acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was more than that aged in ventilated chamber. The folding endurance of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was lower than that aged in ventilated chamber. Accumulated acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanji in closed chamber may cause accelerated aging and strength decrease. In conclusion, accumulated acid compounds can accelerate the aging of beeswax-treated Hanji and cause the severe deterioration of inside of beeswax-treated volume. Therefore, to preserve more safely beeswax-treated volumes of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, it is essential that VOCs emitted from beeswax-treated volume are ventilated.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 1989

We modified polymer surfaces, polyethylene, polystyrene and polyester, to improve cellcompatibility. For surface modification of the polymers, we used various surface treatment methods; physicochemical oxidation methods such as plasma discharge, corona discharge, sulfuric acid and chloric acid treatments, and biological methods such as adsorption of plasma protein and fibronectin onto the polymer surfaces. The treated polymer surfaces were characterized by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis ( ESCA ). The physicochemically treated polymers showed different surface chemical structures depending on the treated methods. The sulfuric acid-treated surfaces showed greater carboxyl groups than those of plasma- or corona- treated surfaces, while the chloric acid-treated one showed high density of hydroxyl group on the surface. By the biological treatments, the surfaces were uniformly coated with proteins. The fibronectin adsorbed on the surface seems to have unique properties for cell binding.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2000

Physicochemical changes of refrigerated chicken legs treated with acetic acid and trisodium phosphate (TSP) during storage at the temperature of 1$\pm$2。C or 4。C. Chicken (average weight of 500$\pm$30 g) legs were treated with 2.5-10% (w/v) TSP and 0.5-2%(v/v) acetic acid soluions at exposure times of 10 min. pH values of chicken legs treated with 2.5-10% TSP significantly (P<0.05) increased at initial days compared to control, which were consistent with the results of treatments of 5-10% TSP solutions fur storage of 8 days at retail levels. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values of chicken legs treated with 2.5-10% TSP or 0.5-2% acetic acid solutions significantly increased from initial days to 4days of storage compared to controls. pH values of chicken legs treated with 0.5-2% acetic acid significantly decreased at initial days compared to control, which were consistent with the results of treatments of 1.5-2% acetic acid solutions for storage of 16 days at 4。C. Chicken legs treated with 0.5-2% acetic acid solutions were a significantly different Hunter color L$^+$ values during storage of 4 and 8 days compared to the controls. Chicken legs treated with 1-2% acetic acid solutions were a significantly different Hunter color a$^+$ values during storage of 16 days compared to the controls. Chicken legs treated with 0.5-2% acetic acid solutions were a significantly different Hunter color b$^+$ values during storage from 4 to 12 days compared to the controls.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 1998

To clarify the effects of acid precipitates on histological damage, water status, and growth of Pinus densiflora green house experiment applyin simulated acid rain was carried out. Contact angle of water droplet on needles of P. densiflora seedlings treated with simulated acid rain of different pHs simulated acid rain was, the more rapid transpiration was. Leaf water potential after water withdrawal was also reduced rapidly in proportion to acidity of simulated acid rain. Height growth of P. densiflora seedlings treated with simulated acid rain of pH 2 decreased, while growth of seedlings treated with that of pH 3 and 4 increased comparing with that treated with normal rain of pH 5.6. pH of cultivated soil in pH 2 plot was acidified with the amount of simulated acid rain applied but that in pH 3 and 4 plots did not show any directional change. From those results, it could be interpreted that decrease of height growth in pH 2 plot was originated from multiple effects of water deficit from rapid transpiration and soil acidification. On the other hand, increased of height growth in pH 3 and 4 plots would be originated from the supply of N and S included in simulated acid rain.