• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.232-239
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• 2010

Stems and roots of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai were extracted with water and treated on immune cells in order to determine their immunomodulatory activites. Various Th-1 type cytokines were measured using ELISA including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, interferon-gamma (IFN-$gamma$), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$) secreted by dendritic cells, T-cells, intestinal epithelial cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. As a result, there was a significant increase in IL-12 and IFN-$\gamma$, secretion, but there was no change in the secretion of TNF-$alpha$. Additionally T-cells slightly increased the secretion of IL-2, but there was a significant increase of IL-2 in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, our results suggest that A. koreanum Nakai may act as an immunomodulator by stimulating the cell-mediated immunity which can help the immune system defend against infections or cancer cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1999

This study has investigated the growing features and vegetation of Acanthopanax chiisanensis and Acanthopanax koreanum in Mt. Jiri and Halla from Sep. 1997 to Aug. 1998. As to Acanthopanax chiisanensis, it occupied surrounding areas of Nogodan in Mt. Jiri of the height of 1,507m, ImgeolyoungJae of 1,300m and the Mt. Halla. of 1,100m of There were rather high constancy degree with Quercus mongolica, Schizandra chinensis, Hydrangen serrate for. acuminata, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Actaea asiatica, Thalictrum filamentosum, Abies koreana, Arundinella hirta from the sorts. The common species in Mt. Jiri and Halla are Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Callicarpa japonica, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Acer mono, Ligularia fischeri, Disporum smilacinum, Viola acuminata Aconitum kusnezofii. On the other hand, concerning of Acanthopanax koreanum community, it possessed the small areas of wedo weoltae village in Chejudo. In this area, a liana e.g. Dioscorea tenuipes, Hedera rhombea, Lygodium japonicum, Akebia quinata, Vitis thunbergii, Dunbaria villosa, Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium, Vitis amurensis, Paederia scandens, lives with Pinux thunbergii, Celtis aurantiaca, Mallotus japonicus and so forth in tree layer and subtree layer. There is artificial change no move in the researching sites, Acanthopanax chiixanensis will be transformed into Abies koreana - Acanthopanax chiisanensis community. Soil characteristics showed the high value such as pH 6.56 and conductivity 0.258mmho/cm in Acanthopanax koreanum community of Mt. Jiri, they also indicated digit as follows: the content of organic matter and total nitrogen are from 25.16 through 25.35% and 7.58 through 9.30mg/g respectably. The soil characteristics at Acanthopanax chiisanensis community in Mt. Jiri and Halla, was high as like pH 5.76, conductivity 0.238mmho/cm, total nitrogen 9.30mg/g, total phosphorus 0.126mg/g in Mt. Halla.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.176-182
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• 2001

Some pharmacological activities of acanthoic acid, isolated from Acanthopanax koreanum root was investigated in animals. It is revealed that the compound had analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities without actions on central nervous system and showed inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The anti-inflammatory activity might be related to inhibition of prostaglandin E$_2$ synthesis in exudates of inflammation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.49-51
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• 1990

From tire root bark of Accnthopanax koreanum a new diterpene glycoside, mp $212{\sim}214^{\circ}$, was isolated. The structure was established as 15(R),16-dihydroxypimar-9(11)-ene-19-oic acid ${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl ester (sumogaside) oil the basis of spectroscopic methods and chemical transformation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-162
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• 1988

From the root bark of Acanithopanax koreanum, two polyacetylene compounds and one lignan compound were isolated and identified as falcarinon, falcarindiol and ariensin. Furthermore the steam bark also afforded methyl n-hexacosanoate, methyl linoleate and coniferin.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.362-365
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• 2000

Changes in eleutherosides by havest time and part of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai were investigated. Eleutherosides contents in stem root and leaf of Acanthopanax koreanum harvested at September were 549.2 ppm 483.2 ppm and 255.9 ppm, respectively. Eleutheroside E content in stem was 653.1 ppm, which was higher than that in root, but it was not detected in leaf. As the trees were grown eleutheroside B and eleutheroside E contents were increased gradually. Eleutheroside B content of 5 year's age tree was 567.3 ppm, which was 1.6 times higher than that of 1 year's age tree.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.357-361
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• 1985

Two glycosides, assumed to be one of the potential active principles, is isolate from the root bark of Acanthopanax koreanu Nakai, identified to be acanthoside D, $C_{34}H_{46}O_{18}$, mp $242^{\circ}C$, and syringo side, $C_{17}H_{24}O_{9}$ mp $192^{\circ}C$. Acanthoside D has been found to have s-GPT, s-GOT lowering effect, BSP-retention rate and survival rate in the toxic state through the bio-pharmacological experiments.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.279-283
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• 2013

Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai, a well known traditional herb grown in Jeju Island, South of Korea, has been used as a tonic and sedative agent, as well as in the treatment of diabetes and immune diseases. Mutagenicity of two lignans, syringaresinol and tortoside A isolated from A. koreanum, was assessed using Salmonella/microsome (Ames) test. Tester strains used were Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. The mutagenic activity was determined both in the absence or presence of S9 mixture. As a result, tortoside A did not cause any increase in the number of $his^+$ revertants in S. typhimurium and E. coli WP2uvrA strains in the presence or absence of S9 mix, compared to the controls. Similarly, low concentrations of syringaresinol (750 and 1,500 ${\mu}g$/plate) did not show any mutagenic properties in all bacterial strains, in the presence or absence of S9 mixture. However, in the high concentration of syringaresinol (3,000 ${\mu}g$/plate), the number of revertants were increased in TA1535 strains, in the absence of S9 metabolic activation. Therefore, in vivo experiments such as comet assay are needed to further determine the genotoxic/carciogenic potential of syringaresinol isolated from A. koreanum.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2016

High-performance liquid chromatography was performed in order to analyze the changes in the flavonoid content (rutin, hyperin, afzelin, quercetin, and kaempferol) of Acanthopanax divaricatus and A. koreanum, in response to different cultivation methods (pinching height, planting time, and top dressing). The total flavonoid content of A. divaricatus and A. koreanum ranged from 0.201 to 0.690 mg/g with different pinching heights, 0.143 to 1.001 mg/g for different planting times, and 0.156 to 1.074 mg/g depending on the rate of fertilizer application. In both A. divaricatus and A. koreanum, the total flavonoid content in the upper section of the plant was greater than that in the lower section. These results demonstrate which cultivation methods maximize the flavonoid content of A. divaricatus and A. koreanum, and thus help to optimize flavonoid yields to improve production for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.353-358
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• 2012

This study was conducted to enhance the propagation of Acanthopanax divaricatus and Acanthopanax koreanum through different cutting practices. For propagation by cuttings, scions were taken on September 1. This already has hard skin and showed much higher values in terms of root length, root number, rooting ratio and root weight than those taken on June 30 and August 1. Regardless of cutting date, 50% shading resulted to the highest root length, root number, root ratio and root weight. Meanwhile, 95% shading significantly reduced these parameters compared with no shading. These results suggest that over-shading may inhibit root growth. Two growth regulators, IBA (concentration of 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 ppm) and Rootone-F (0.4%) were also tested of its effect to the cuttings. Rootone-F was found to be more effective than IBA. Cutting treated with Rootone-F had slightly higher root length and root number. A. koreanum which grows well in hot climatic condition showed better rooting ability than A. divaricatus.