• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

The first hospice care center in Korea dates back to the East West Infirmaries (Dongseodaebiwon in the Korean language) of the Goryeo period in the early 11th century. It has been 50 years since hospice care was introduced in Korea. Initially hospice care was provided in the private sector, including those with a religious background, and its development was slow. In the 1990s, related religious organizations and academic associations were established, and then, a full-swing growth phase was ushered in as the Korean government institutionalized hospice care in the early 2000s. As a result, enhanced quality of hospice care service could be provided, which meant better pain management and higher quality of life for late stage cancer patients and their families. Still, the nation lacked a realistic reimbursement system which was needed to for financial stability of the affected patients. However, the national health insurance scheme began to cover hospice palliative expenses in 2015. In 2016, the Act on Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients in Hospice and Palliative Care or at the End of Life was legislated, allowing terminally-ill patients to refuse meaningless life-sustaining treatments. As the range of diseases subject to hospice palliative care was expanded, more challenges and issues need to be addressed by the service providers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.917-922
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• 2019

The recent increase in preference for teacher jobs has led to a rise in preference for education colleges. Not all students can enter teachers, but they must pass the test called the competitive examination for teacher appointment candidates after graduation. However, due to the declining population, the and employment T.O.s are decreasing every year and the competition rate is rising steeply. Therefore, in order to concentrate on the recruitment exam upon entering the university, the university is becoming a huge academy for the exam, not a place to study and learn. We found a connection between students' overall school life and their use of study groups as well as their grades and whether they passed the competition test for teachers using deep running. The academic activities did not significantly affect the acceptance process, and the accuracy of the prediction of the acceptance rate was generally 70% accurate.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.324-335
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand nursing college life experiences of North Korean Defectors and identify their meanings. Methods: The study collected data through individual in-depth interviews among six undergraduates or graduates from nursing colleges, using phenomenological research methodology of Colaizzi-one of qualitative research approaches. Results: Six categories drawn as a result of research include 'Be bumped against hard reality wall', 'Bondage of discrimination and prejudice', 'Endure and stand with strength of faith', 'Myself grown up along with work', 'Becoming one amid differences', and 'Stepping towards unification'. Conclusion: The result of this study would contribute to understanding academic and interpersonal difficulties North Korean defectors might experience at nursing colleges. And it may also help people to learn that they would play an important role in integration of the nursing fields of South and North Korea as well as the nation's unification. Along the way, the results of the study could be basic data to establish national policy helping North Korean defectors adapt to nursing college life, and develop the supporting system of colleges as well as setting up appropriate supports and measures from the perspective of the nursing field.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2019

This study has explored the trajectory of the development and diffusion of the CTLs in the Korean universities by using isomorphism theory of neo-institutionalism. Neo-institutional theorists believe that organizational structure and behavior reflects the norms and values recognized in the society rather than the organization's autonomous and rational choices. Based on the isomorphism framework, the introduction and diffusion of the CTLs in the Korean universities have been led by the government. In addition, the CTLS(Korean Association of Center for Teaching & Learning) has served as a direct basis for the normative pressures. In other words, the CTLs have been securing devices for the universities to acquire external justification by the environment, and they have been able to confirm that the system was isomorphed, in particular by meeting and agreeing with the government-set university evaluation criteria. Efforts should be made to develop unique values and strategies that enable CTLs to become engines of the development of university education in response to rapid changes in the academic environment.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.154-162
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• 2018

Objective: The fallopian tubes play a critical role in the early events of fertilization. The rapid innate immune defense is an important part of the fallopian tubes. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), as a part of the innate immune system, plays an important role in detecting viral infections. In this basic and experimental study, the effect of sex hormones on the function of TLR3 in the OE-E6/E7 cell line was investigated. Methods: The functionality of TLR3 in this cell line was evaluated by cytokine measurements (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-1b) and the effects of sex hormones on TLR3 were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Additionally, TLR3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and a TLR3 function-blocking antibody were used to confirm our findings. Results: The production of IL-6 significantly increased in the presence of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) as the TLR3 ligand. Using a TLR3-siRNA-ransfected OE-E6/E7 cell line and function-blocking antibody confirmed that cytokine production was due to TLR3. In addition, 17-${\beta}$ estradiol and progesterone suppressed the production of IL-6 in the presence and absence of poly(I:C). Conclusion: These results imply that sex hormones exerted a suppressive effect on the function of TLR3 in the fallopian tube cell line when different concentrations of sex hormones were present. The current results also suggest that estrogen receptor beta and nuclear progesterone receptor B are likely to mediate the hormonal regulation of TLR3, as these two receptors are the main estrogen and progesterone receptors in OEE6/E7 cell line.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-93
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• 2019

Background: Since 2010, Korea has maintained a DNA database of those convicted of or awaiting trial for certain crimes. There have been proposals to expand the list of crimes included in this database, or conversely, omit certain crimes if they are committed during protests. An understanding of the feelings of the public as we consider the ethical, legal, and social aspects of a DNA database and as revisions to laws are made is required. Methodology: Questions related to the DNA database were included in the nationally representative Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS) panel (June-August 2016). Results: Of 2,000 randomly selected panel members, 1,013 respondents participated in this survey, including 89.2% who supported the existence of a criminal DNA database. The current system of storing DNA profiles until a suspect's acquittal or a convict's death was supported by 79.5% of respondents. In addition, 70.8% of respondents agreed with the expansion of crime categories included in the criminal database. Many (93.4%) respondents favored genetic testing and data storage to determine the identity and cause of death for people who die of unnatural causes. Some differences in attitude related to social class were noted, with those who self-identified as members of the upper class more likely to support the database and its expansion to include additional crimes than those who self-identified as middle or lower class. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Koreans generally support the criminal DNA database.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.183-188
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• 2019

This study analyzes whether Income Contingent Loan achieves the policy goal of reducing the burden on higher education expenses with the emphasis on the repayment structure of the loan system and suggest ways to improve the incumbent policy. The study found that the voluntary repayment amount of the loan is much higher than the mandatory repayment amount. Therefore, various policy improvement measures are needed to activate the original purpose of the loan. We proposes improvements to the repayment, such as diversification of the repayment base rate, introduction of the loan integration, and analysis of loan default probability. In addition, this study has policy and academic implications in that it has suggested policy improvement measures by analyzing various overseas cases.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.98-108
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the sprinkler performance to protect the wall and ceiling joints of the sandwich panel warehouse in case of fire. Method: Based on the field surveys, test was setup and combustibles were prepared. The sprinkler discharge tests were performed at the corner of the wall and right under the sprinkler head. Results: It has been found that operation of the K-80 closed sprinkler head prevents the ignition of the sandwich panel and therefore no damage to the joints of sandwich panels. To prevent skipping phenomenon, it is necessary to install the sprinkler head from the corner of the wall and to keep a minimum distance of 2.4m and a maximum distance of 3m. Conclution: A Standard Operation Procedure should be prepared to suppress and rescue of fire brigade for a sandwich panel warehouse protected by perimeter sprinklers preventing a ignition of core materials and control fire.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.167-172
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to present the academic implications and developmental direction of the police assigned for special guard system through big data analysis on the objective and macroscopic viewpoint of the media. As research method, this study conducted the analysis on 'police assigned for special guard' and the analysis of related words that would visualize the keywords highly related to keyword trend and news. Also, after dividing the period into the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, the number of relevant articles in each period was drawn for understanding the flow. In the results of this study, the perception of media report of police assigned for special guard was about the recruitment of police assigned for special guard, and relevant events/accidents, which showed the coexistence of positive interest in the recruitment of police assigned for special guard and negative image of events/accidents related to police assigned for special guard. As a result, however, the necessity and demand for police assigned for special guard are increasing. Thus, the police assigned for special guard should be engaged in work after carefully thinking of its role in charge of ethical responsibility and safety as an axis for maintaining the national safety and social order.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.310-322
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• 2021

The incidence of extremity amputation is estimated at about 200,000 cases annually. Over 25% of patients suffer from terminal neuroma or phantom limb pain (TNPLP), resulting in pain, inability to wear a prosthetic device, and lost work. Once TNPLP develops, there is no definitive cure. Therefore, there has been an emerging focus on TNPLP prevention. We examined the current literature on TNPLP prevention in patients undergoing extremity amputation. A literature review was performed using Ovid Medline, Cochrane Collaboration Library, and Google Scholar to identify all original studies that addressed surgical prophylaxis against TNPLP. The search was conducted using both Medical Subject Headings and free-text using the terms "phantom limb pain," "amputation neuroma," and "surgical prevention of amputation neuroma." Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, including six prospective trials, two comprehensive literature reviews, four retrospective chart reviews, and three case series/technique reviews. Five techniques were identified, and each was incorporated into a targetbased classification system. A small but growing body of literature exists regarding the surgical prevention of TNPLP. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR), a form of physiologic target reassignment, has the greatest momentum in the academic surgical community, with multiple recent prospective studies demonstrating superior prevention of TNPLP. Neurorrhaphy and transposition with implantation are supported by less robust evidence, but merit future study as alternatives to TMR.