• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2012

Alcohol abuse and its medical and social consequences are a major health problem in many areas of the world. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic fruit extract of $Randia$ $Dumetorum$ (L.) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. Rats were divided into five different groups (n=6), group I served as a control, group II received ethanol (3 ml/100 g/day p.o.), group III served as standard group and received silymarin (50 mg/kg p.o.), group IV and V served as extract treatment groups and received 50 & 100 mg/kg methanolic extract of $R.$ $dumetorum$. All the treatment protocols followed 30 days and after rats were sacrificed blood and liver were used for biochemical and histological studies, respectively. The activities serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB) and lipid peroxidation were statistically increased in rats exposed to alcohol while total protein and glutathione decreased compared to control rats. Treatment with $R.$ $dumetorum$ significantly decreased the elevated levels of ALT, AST, TG, DB, TB and lipid peroxidation compared to the group exposed to alcohol only. $R.$ $dumetorum$ significantly resulted in increased levels of total protein and reduced glutathione compared to the group that received alcohol only. Histology of the liver section of the animals treated with $R.$ $dumetorum$ improved the hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol. Hence the study concluded that $R.$ $dumetorum$ has potential hepatoprotective activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

We have previously reported that Acer tegmentosum extract, which is traditionally used in Korea to reduce alcohol-related liver injury, suppresses liver inflammation caused by excessive alcohol consumption and might improve metabolism. The active ingredient, 6-O-galloylsalidroside (GAL), was isolated from A. tegmentosum, and we hypothesized that GAL could provide desirable pharmacological benefits by ameliorating physiological conditions caused by alcohol abuse. Therefore, this study focused on whether GAL could ameliorate alcoholic fat accumulation and repair liver injury in mice. During chronic alcohol consumption plus binge feeding in mice, GAL was administered orally once per day for 11 days. Intrahepatic lipid accumulation was measured in vivo using a noninvasive method, ¹H magnetic resonance imaging, and confirmed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured using a Konelab system, and the triglyceride content was measured in liver homogenates using an enzymatic peroxide assay. The results suggested that GAL alleviated alcohol-induced steatosis,e as indicated by decreased hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in ethanol-fed mice. GAL treatment also correlated with a decrease in the Cd36 mRNA expression, thus potentially inhibiting the development of alcoholic steatosis via the hepatic de novo lipogenesis pathway. Furthermore, treatment with GAL inhibited the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 and attenuated hepatocellular damage, as reflected by a reduction in ALT and AST levels. These findings suggest that GAL extracted from A. tegmentosum has the potential to serve as a bioactive agent for the treatment of alcoholic fatty liver and liver damage.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2016

Sexually abused victims suffer not only physical damage, but they may also experience an array of additional problems ranging from acute fear, depressed mood, anxiety, shame, or insomnia to long-term psychiatric disorders. Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is known to have excellent therapeutic effects for trauma victims including victims of sexual violence. CBT treatment includes stress immunity training, relaxation training, and acceptance and commitment therapy. In foreign countries TF-CBT is carried out online in order to increase the therapeutic accessibility for the victim and improve the quality of the interview for the therapists. As a result, those victims who have difficulties in requesting external help, who live in remote areas, or who have limited time may now have access to the service and benefit from the online education programs. A website providing an online based TF-CBT program was initiated in Korea also. Through the website, victims and their guardians may obtain therapeutic information without the need for face-to-face meetings with therapists. Our goal is to create a system with this website which will provide therapeutic assistance to sexual violence victims and improve the quality of the counseling provided by the therapist.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.148-154
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• 2008

Excessive alcohol use causes oxidative stress in the liver, and antioxidant therapy has been an attractive approach for the treatment of ethanol-induced liver damage. The present study examined the hepatoprotective effect of Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai (Korean name, Jeju-Joritdae) in C57BL/6 mice intoxicated with ethanol. Mice were intraperitoneally administered with ethanol alone, or together with test materials three times at 12-h intervals. At 3 h after the last dosing, hepatotoxicity was assessed based on serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and hepatic contents of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and glutathione. Sasa quelpaertensis extract mitigated the acute ethanol hepatotoxicity as effectively as silymarin. Its n-butanol fraction was more active than methylene chloride or aqueous fraction. p-Coumaric acid, a major constituent of S. quelpaertensis, was found to effectively prevent the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. These data suggest that S. quelpaertensis and p-coumaric acid could be useful for the prevention of liver disease caused by alcohol abuse.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.52-57
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• 2019

DNS stands for 'Domain Name System' and uses IP addresses to identify devices connected to the network on the network. IP is a protocol that registers and manages aliases such as IPs because it is difficult for general users to remember. In recent years, the abuse of such DNS is increasing abroad, and behind the scenes, called 'DNS pionage,' are developing and evolving new rules and malware. DNSpionage attack is abusing DNS system such as Increasing hacking success rate, leading to fake sites, changing or forged data. As a result it is increasing the damage cases. As the global DNS system is expanding to the extent that it is out of control. Therefore, in this research, the countermeasures of DNSpionage attack is proposed to contribute to build a secure and efficient DNS system.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.695-705
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• 2019

The level of psychological damage caused by verbal abuse among cyberbully victims is very serious. It is going to introduce a system that determines the level of sanctions against chatting in real time using the automatic prohibited words filtering based on artificial neural network. In this paper, we propose a keyword filtering method that detects the modified prohibited words and determines whether the corresponding chat should be sanctioned in real time, and a real-time chatting screening system using it. The accuracy of filtering through machine learning was improved by processing data in advance through coding techniques that express consonants and vowels of similar pronunciation at close distances. After comparing and analyzing Mahalanobis-based clustering algorithms and artificial neural network-based algorithms, algorithms that utilize artificial neural networks showed high performance. If it is applied to Internet chatting, comments or online games, it is expected that it will be able to filter more effectively than the existing filtering method and that this will ease communication inconvenience due to existing indiscriminate filtering methods.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.273-289
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the literature on intervention studies for abused children and adolescent in residential facilities in South Korea (ACARF-K). The goal was to understand the problems they experience, to evaluate the content and effectiveness of interventions applied to them, and to develop evidence-based nursing intervention programs. Methods: We used four electronic databases to search for relevant articles. 18 studies according to Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method to synthesize the literature. Results: The ACARF-K experienced problems in biophysical, psychological, and sociocultural domains related to attachment impairment. Effective intervention strategies were building trust through empathy and fulfillment of needs, encouraging ACARF-K to express themselves and helping them to clarify emotions in an unthreatening environment, and improving their self-concept through activities in which they experienced achievement. Conclusion: Interventions are needed to help restore attachment damage among ACARF-K. The interventions in this study utilized emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioral therapeutic tools to improve their psychological and social capacities. Future intervention programs for ACARF-K should include these key elements.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.207-215
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• 2019

The insurance system is indispensable to our society. However in recent years, there have been a lot of insurance fraud crimes, such as the abuse of these valuable insurance system and the cheating the insurance proceeds. These insurance frauds make the insurance companies harder to manage, and as a result, the insurance premiums have risen, which has caused a lot of damaging good policyholders. However, the damage caused by insurance fraud has been continuously increasing due to the punishment of cotton stick. Therefore, after the long discussion, the 'The Act for Prevention of Insurance Fraud', which is a special law recently has been enacted. However, within two years of the enactment of this law, which was enacted after much anticipation and long waiting, there is already debate about its effectiveness. The reason for this is that even though the law was enacted and enforced, insurance fraud continues to increase and even punishment for these crimes is not strengthened, and now it is time to look for specific problems and resolutions for these crimes see. So in this paper the author dealt with the problems of the law, first, related regulation of insurance payment, second, right to terminate insurance contract and return of insurance proceeds, third, regulation on notification of investigations, fourth, regulations on the adequacy of hospitalization. Of course, since this law has just been enacted, there are many other problems besides these problems, but I tried to present a fresh resolution based on the problems that have been mainly discussed since the legislative period.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2019

On December 31, 2018, an incident occurred where a doctor was attacked and killed by a patient carrying a lethal weapon in the outpatients' clinic of the psychiatric department of a tertiary general hospital. The suspect was diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder (manic depressive disorder) and has been hospitalized and cared for in the psychiatric ward of this hospital. This incident illustrates the necessity of more active cures and therapeutic intervention for mental patients with intellectual developmental disorders who require treatment considering the fact that a radical outcome has been caused by such a patient. However, on the other hand, there is also a need for an approach and analysis from the perspective of crime prevention for all medical departments. The reason for this is that even a tertiary general hospital equipped with the largest human resources, medical devices, facilities, and so forth, is susceptible to violence. As for illegal actions perpetrated against health and medical service personnel in medical institutions, such as verbal abuse, assault, injury, etc. there have neither been understanding shown for the current extent of damage in detail, nor discussions of active institutional improvement related to the seriousness of the act. It can be said that violence in the field of medical treatment is a realm requiring serious discussion and appropriate remedial actions. This is because when such incidents take place, if a patient who is supposed to get treatment from the damaged health care provider is in an urgent situation or on the waiting list of serious cases, he or she could suffer serious damage caused by deprivation of treatment opportunity, or secondary damage might be caused to the patient and/or a guardian who can hardly have an opportunity to take action. Accordingly, in this review, we would like to help create the necessary conditions for both health and medical service personnel and patients/guardians, respectively, to provide and receive medical treatment in a more secure environment. Therefore, objective assessment of the institution and issues relating to this aforementioned incident and general cases of violence occurring in medical institutions, and by suggesting legal and institutional improvements and solutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.286-298
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• 2009

Became large a problem we were productive movement of information became large and occurring to diffusions of development of public media and Internet use. While the Internet became a generalization, public media had more influences and risks, and a crime to abuse anonymity became large in cyber space. In addition, damage is becoming expanded reproduction that infringe of ' crime victim's rights of portrait'. The point that is most important in order to improve these points is recognition regarding the special situation of crime victim, and the ethic consciousness and independent operation regulation and regulation system that these point was taken into consideration in the public media and Internet operation that are an information producer is necessary, and Internet portal shall be included like Internet newspapers to the arbitration object of the Press Arbitration Commission. Also, a legal system regarding personal responsibility shall have for protection of a crime victim's rights of portrait by personal information activity for protection in cyber space. Suggest to a portrait of a crime victim, and an individual and social rights security effort are required for activation regarding an infringement relief system.