• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.948-953
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• 1999

소비자 중심적인 식품표시를 개발하기 위해 현행 식품 표시제도에 대한 소비자의 인식, 확인정도, 신뢰도 등을 설문조사를 통해 검토했다. 식품표시를 '법으로 규정하고 있다'고 답한 응답자는 조사대상자의 67.6%로서 법적 규정에 대한 인지도는 교육정도에 따라 유의적 차이를 나타내어, 학력이 높을수록 '법으로 규정하고 있다'고 답한 응답자의 비율이 높았다(p<0.001). 식품표시를 하는 이유로는 조사대상자의 47.5%가 '소비자에게 식품정보를 알리기 위해서'라고 응답했으며, 36.4%가 '식품의 위생척 취급을 위해서'라고 응답하여, 대부분의 응답자가 식품표시를 정보원으로 생각하고 있었다. 전업주부는 다른 직업 종사자에 비해 '식품의 위생적 취급을 위해서'라고 답한 응답자의 비율이 높게 나타나(p<0.01), 주부는 가족의 건강과 안전을 중요시함을 알 수 있었다. 식품을 구입할 때 표시를 확인하는 정도는 '확인하는 경우가 많다'는 응답 자가 48.9%, '반드시 확인한다'는 응당자가 38.9%로서 대부분이 식품표시를 확인하고 있었다. 식품표시를 확인하는 이유로는 대부분(61.5%)이 '안전성을 확인하기 위해서'라고 응답했으며, 식품을 구입할 때 가장 중요하게 고려하는 표시사항으로 유통기한(26.9%)과 제조연월일(25.4%)이라 응답하여 식품 구매시 식품의 안전성 확인에 큰 비중을 두고 있었다. 식품표시에 대한 신뢰정도는 '매우 신뢰한다' 1.6%, '대체로 신뢰한다' 83.7%로서 대부분의 응답자는 표시내용을 신뢰하고는 있으나 전적으로 신뢰하지 않고 있는 것으로 생각된다. 신뢰하지 않는 이유로는 표시내용과 다른 경우를 직.간접 경험했기 때문이라고 답한 응답자가 69.2%이었으며 제조업자에 대한 불신도 25%에 달하였다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.238-246
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• 2019

Background: In South Korea, as an aged society, an understanding of dementia and its risk factors is important from clinical and healthcare policy perspectives. Relationship between cognitive impairment and body weight or weight changes have been reported, but these were contradictory. We have evaluated the association between weight changes and cognitive decline using national level longitudinal data. Methods: Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2006 to 2012 were used. Association between weight changes and decline in cognitive function as measured by K-MMSE (the Korean version of the Mini-mental state examination) score was assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Weight changes were calculated from 1st wave and 3rd wave survey data, and classified into five groups as stable, increases, decreases of >10%, or 5%-10%. Results: About 37% of the total participants (n=4,512) were 65 years or older. These participants made up the largest proportion of the groups with weight change exceeding 10%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that weight changes exceeding 10% (10% increase vs stable, adjusted OR [aOR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.95; 10% decrease vs stable, aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.11-1.88) were significant predictive factors for decline in cognitive function. In subgroup analyses, the association between weight changes and cognitive decline was significant in males aged over 65 years and in normal BMI groups. Conclusion: Weight changes, both increases and decreases exceeding 10% of baseline, were significantly associated with declines in cognitive function among older adults in South Korea.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2017

관측된 지반진동은 지진원, 지각감쇠 및 지반의 증폭특성 등 3가지 주요 인자로 구성되어 있고 특히 지반증폭 특성은 지진원 및 감쇠특성을 평가할 때 필요하다. 또한 지진재해도를 분석하기 위해 지반의 증폭 특성에 정보가 내진공학 뿐만 아니라 암반공학적 특성 분석에서 필수적이다. 지반의 증폭특성 분석을 위해 분석대상 관측소와 기준 관측소 지반진동의 수평/수직 비를 이용하는 방법을 적용하였다. 기존의 기준관측소의 수직성분 방법에 더하여 새로이 기준관측소의 수평성분 방법을 새로이 시도하였다. 본 연구는 예당저수지 인근에 설치한 4개의 관측소에서 관측된 6개의 가속도 지반진동을 이용하여 각 지반진동의 S파, Coda파 및 배경잡음 각각을 분석한 지반증폭 특성을 상호 비교하였다. 4개 관측소 공통적으로 S파와 Coda파를 이용한 결과는 상호 유사한 지반증폭 특성을 보였다. 다만 배경잡음은 다른 2개 지진 에너지와 비교할 때 전혀 다른 지반증폭 특성을 보였고 이는 배경잡음의 발생 원인이 관측소 마다 서로 다르기 때문으로 입증되었다. 4개 각각의 지진 관측소마다 저주파수 및 고주파수 증폭특성과 관측소 고유의 우월주파수가 서로 상이하여 관측소 고유의 증폭특성을 보여주었다. 또한 본 연구의 결과와 다른 방법의 결과와 비교하면 지반의 동적특성 및 지반분류 연구에 많은 정보를 제시할 수 있다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2008

모바일 기술의 진화는 전통적인 음악 산업의 보완과 새로운 음악시장의 확대는 물론이고 음악시장에 새로운 패러다임을 만들어 가고 있는 등 음악 산업에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있다 그러나 현재까지의 모바일 음악콘텐츠에 관한 연구는 모바일 콘텐츠 전반에 대한 분석에 치중되어 있어서 실질적으로 모바일 음악콘텐츠 상품을 개발하고, 서비스를 제공하는 기업들에게 유익한 자료를 제공해 주기 어려웠다. 따라서 본 연구는 음악콘텐츠를 생산, 유통, 판매하는 기업의 입장에서 소비자들의 어떤 요인이 모바일 음악콘텐츠 상품의 지속적 사용에 영향을 미칠지에 대하여 연구 및 분석하였다. 모바일 음악콘텐츠 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 구체적인 분석을 하기 위해 모바일 음악콘텐츠를 벨소리 콘텐츠, 통화연결음 콘텐츠, 음악전곡다운로드 콘텐츠 3가지 유형으로 분류하고, 각 유형별로 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 벨소리콘텐츠의 경우 이용경력, 차별성, 편재성이 인지된 용이성에 영향을 미치고 신뢰성, 보안성, 맞춤성이 인지된 유용성에 영향을 미치며, 인지된 용이성은 인지된 유용성과 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치며, 인지된 유용성은 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 통화연결은 콘텐츠의 경우는 인지된 용이성이 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 제외하고는 벨소리콘텐츠의 결과와 동일하게 나타났다. 셋째, 음악전곡 다운로드의 경우 이용경력, 복제가능성, 신뢰성이 인지된 용이성에 영향을 미치고, 이용경력 맞춤성이 인지된 유용성에 영향을 미치며, 인지된 용이성과 인지된 유용성이 지속적 사용에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• IUGG한국위원회:학술대회논문집
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• IUGG한국위원회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2003

The first crustal refraction survey in the Korean Peninsula was carried out over the survey line connecting Seosan-Yeongdong-Kyeongiu on Dec. 15, 2002. The total length of the survey line was about 300 Km and 198 portable seismometers were deployed with approximately 1.5-km interval. The survey line itself was geologically important since it was almost normal to the so-called Sino-Korean structural trend. Two shots, one at Seosan (west end point) and the other at Yeongdong (mid-point), were exploded. They were 100-m deep drill well explosions. The Seosan shot consisted of a ton emulsion type explosive, while Youngdong consisted of 500 kg one. Both shots generated signals with good S/N ratios to the farthest receivers. Seismic signals were recorded by 195 receivers out of 198 ones. Although the originally planned Kyeongju shot (east end point) could not be exploded due to public discontent, the experiment was evaluated very successful. First breaks in all recorded traces were picked up and two preliminary analyses were carried out. The one is conventional flat layer analysis and the other was refraction tomographic analysis. The one resulted in average 32-km thick two-layer crust and the underlying mantle with 8.05-km/s P-velocity. The top crust layer with 3.86 kw/s P-velocity was 2.5-km thick and the lower crust layer with 6.0l km/s P-velocity was 29.5-km thick. The other resulted in a velocity cross-section. The confidence level of the velocity cross-section could not be evaluated at this time because only two shot were exploded. Detailed analyses such as surface wave dispersion are on going. Continuing crustal scale refraction surveys are planned in Korea.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.670-686
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• 2010

This study aims at clarifying the action types of skin management which is base on age, marriage or not, family composition, school career, and income which are demographic variables centering around the lifestyle of middleaged and old age women. As for study method, this researcher executed literature study and questionnaire on adult women over 45 years old who dwell in Seoul and Kyounggi area. Survey period was Mar. 1, 2009 to Jun. 30. And, after distributing 1,000 copies of questionnaire, this researcher used effective 869 copies of questionnaire for analysis out of collected questionnaire, 895 copies. As for analysis method, this researcher executed DUNCAN test with factor analysis, reliability analysis, manin component analysis, K-average, multitude analysis, dispersion analysis and post verification by using SPSS 12.0 program. As for demographic feature for middle aged and old age women, 50~59 years old women were most by age as 302 persons(33.7%). It is emerging that spouse existence is very high as 674 persons(75.3%) in the answer for marriage or not, couple family to live with unmarried children is very high as 483 persons(54.0%) in the answer for family composition, leaving high school in mid-course or gradation of high school are very high as 356 persons(39.8%) in the answer for school career, income from 3 million Won under 4 million won is very high as 260 persons(29.1%) in the answer for monthly income of family members, and women to use under 50 thousand won is very high as 510 persons(57.0%) in the monthly average expense to be used for skin management. In this study, this researcher extracted total 5 factors (economic saving, displaying consumption, confidence inclination, centering around family, and leisure application) by executing factor analysis with 12 question items of lifestyle so as to grasp factor structure of lifestyle of middleaged and old age people, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 70.9%. This researcher named as economic saving type, diplaying consumption style, and type centering around leisure and family, after making multitude analysis about 5 factors analyzed by measuring lifestyle feature. As the result of structure analysis of question items of skin management(pursuit of skin management, life of skin management, and inclination of skin management), this researcher extracted total 3 factors, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 71.30%. Thus, it emerged that there is significant difference among groups.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 1995

Primary health care(PHC) has been established since A Health Law for rural residents has been legislated in 1980 following the WHO declaration, 'Health for All 2000'. in 1978. PHC services are presently assumed to be provided by 2038 Community Health Practitioners(CHP) to about 28% out of rural population in Korea. Most CHPs have confronted the adaptation process to the community being practiced although a CHP's role is to evoke community participation for the improvement of their health by themselves. So the purpose of this study is to describe and explain of the commitment of CHPs into the community. Data were collected by direct interview and tape-recording under subjects' permission till theoretical saturation were occured from 6 CHPs. The subjects were 41 years old and have served in the community for 9 years in average. Main questions and concepts were explored from data according to the procedure of the grounded theory methodology. The results are as follows. 1) The number of the main concepts were twenty four that identified Motive, Desire, Personal characteristics, Unfamiliarity, Denial, Feeling of isolation, Self-sacrifice, Kindness, Patience, Assimilation, Respect for the residents, Support by the family, Support by the residents, Achievement, Acceptance of realities, Use of resources, Inducement of cooperation from the residents, Changes of the difference from time orientation between CHP and residents, Attitude as a official, Technical support, Cost management, Satisfaction level, Acknowledgement by the residents and discrepancy. 2) The twenty four concepts were categorized to seven groups such as Motivation, Feeling of Heterogeneity, Self-discipline, Social support, Induced changes in the attitudes of residents, Familarity and Persistent discrepancy. 3) The categorized groups were analyzed on the base of the Causal Conditions, Central Phenomena, Contexts, Intervening Conditions, Action / Interaction Strategies, and Consequences. Central phenomenon in this study was identified to be the feeling of heterogeneity. Community health practitioners experienced unfamiliarity and denial from the community and felt themselves isolated in the first. In time, they won the trust of residents by their efforts including self-sacrifice, kindness, patience, and assimilation. Afterward, practitioners got self-confidence and familiarity with lesser feeling of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, practitioners could not commit themselves completely because of the persistent discrepancy between CHP and residents. 4) On the commitment process, the CHPs' feeling of heterogeneity were decresed and social support increesed and newly evolved induced change of residents through the continuous interaction between CHP and them The contribution of this study would be concluded as follows. 1) It is expected that effective strategies for more rapid committment into the community can be developed based on this study. 2) More easy committment would be possible for the newly appointed CHP through understanding of the committment process identified on this study.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.7801-7811
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• 2015

간호 대학생은 임상실습기간동안 실무현장에서 다양한 학습을 하게 되며 특히 간호 리더자의 역할에 대한 중요성과 그 효과에 대해 인식하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 간호대학생이 실습 과정에서 경험한 효과적 실무환경을 위해 간호리더자의 역할에서 중요하게 작용하고 있는 부분이 무엇인지를 분석하여 그 유형을 분류하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구방법은 간호 대학생이 심층적으로 어떻게 인식하고 있는지를 파악하기 위해 Q방법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구 참여자는 간호대학생으로 실습 경험이 있는 자로 30명으로 구성하였고, Q표본은 간호리더자의 역할유형과 관련된 문헌, 임상실습을 경험한 학생과의 인터뷰를 통해 최종 표본을 36개의 진술문으로 구성 하였으며, QUANL PC프로그램으로 주요인을 분석하여 관련 유형을 분류하였다. 연구결과로 간호학생들이 인식하는 간호리더자의 역할유형은 4개의 유형으로 나타났으며, 제1유형은 "정의와 냉철함 유지형", 제2유형은 "동기부여를 위한 환경조성 형", 제3유형은 "인격존중 및 능력신장형", 제4유형은 "신뢰성을 통한 인간관계 중심형"으로 분류되었다. 본 연구 과정을 통해 간호학생이 실습과정에서 경험하는 실무현장의 효과적 환경을 위해 간호 리더자의 역할을 파악하여 추후 실무 환경을 위해 리더자의 역할의 중요성을 제안하고 이를 개선하는데 근거자료를 마련하고자 한다.

• 분석과학
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.552-558
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• 2005

환경 대기 중에 미량 농도로 존재하는 악취 물질의 측정을 위한 ppm 수준의 다이메틸설파이드($(CH_3)_2S$) 가스 인증표준물질(CRM)을 개발하였다. 이 표준가스는 $(CH_3)_2S$의 농도 수준이 10 umol/mol이고 질소압력이 1500 psi로서, 알루미늄 실린더에 제조되었고, 3년 동안에 0.2% 수준의 안정성을 보였다. 동시에 제조된 표준가스 실린더 4병의 $(CH_3)_2S$ 농도를 가스크로마토그래프-불꽃이온화검출기(GC-FID)로 비교하여 0.4% 수준의 제조 재현성과 0.25%의 중량 및 순도의 표준불확도를 확인하였다. 개발된 $(CH_3)_2S$표준가스의 인증값은 10 umol/mol 수준이었고, 순도, 혼합. 제조, 분석, 흡착성 및 안정성을 모두 고려하여 결정한 인증값의 상대 확장불확도는 1.1%(95%의 신뢰수준, k=2)이었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was conducted to examine the relationships of the several socioeconomic position indicators with the mortality risk in a representative longitudinal study of South Korea. Methods : The 1998 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted on a cross-sectional probability sample of South Korean households, and it contained unique 13-digit personal identification numbers that were linked to the data on mortality from the National Statistical Office of Korea. Of 5,607 males and females, 264 died between 1999 and 2003. Cox's regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of mortality. Results: Socioeconomic differences in mortality were observed after adjustments were made for gender and age. Compared with those people having college or higher education, those people without any formal education had a greater mortality risk (RR=2.21, 95% CI=1.12-4.40). The mortality risk among manual workers was significantly greater than that for the non-manual workers (RR=2.73, 95% CI=1.47-5.06). A non-standard employment status was also associated with an increase in mortality: temporary or daily workers had a greater mortality risk than did the full-time workers (RR=3.01, 95% CI=1.50-6.03). The mortality risk for the low occupational class was 3.06 times greater than that of the high and middle occupational classes (95% CI=1.75-5.36). In addition, graded mortality differences according to equivalized monthly household income were found. A reduction of monthly household income by 500 thousand Korean Won (about 400 US dollars) was related with a 20% excess risk of mortality. Self-reported poor living standards were also associated with an increased risk of mortality. Those without health insurance had a 3.63 times greater risk of mortality than the insured (95% CI=1.61-8.19). Conclusions: This study showed the socioeconomic differentials in mortality in a national longitudinal study of South Korea. The existence of socioeconomic mortality inequalities requires increased social discussion on social policies in Korean society. Furthermore, the mechanisms for the socioeconomic inequalities of mortality need to be explored in future studies.