• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2018

The study aims to articulate a definition of luxury brands, to propose a framework for consumer luxury brand relationships and to provide empirical evidence of the proposed model. The study conducted two surveys in Portugal and the United States in 2009 and 2013 for selected luxury brands. The study employs factor analysis and structural equation modelling techniques to test the hypotheses. The study finds a link between luxury products and consumer's psychological association represents in a hierarchical order of: cognitive attributes at its base level, extrinsic attributes on a secondary level and intrinsic attributes at the advance level. The findings suggest a concept for luxury brands from three dimensions of: luxury product characteristics, consumer's psychological characteristics, and consumer's psychological association with the luxury product. The research was conducted in Portugal and the United States so that there is always a potential criticism concerning the ability to generalize research results to a broader international population. The findings provide a holistic perspective in the understanding of luxury brand constructs and a definition of luxury brands in the way why consumers involve symbolic consumption. The successful application of the findings in a brand setting would be of particular interest to marketers and brand strategists.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

This paper suggests a two-phase look-ahead Banker's algorithm for efficient operation of capacitated automated production systems. The algorithm improves the ability of detecting safe states of the previous one by considering the possibility of processing each job to completion at once as well as partial movement between jobs. The improved performance of the proposed algorithm is testified by performing numerical experiment in terms of (i) detection rate of safe states and (ii) system throughput and verified by using paired t-test.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.161-176
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• 2004

To examine the current states of community survey performance with its contents and methods, a questionnaire survey was made for 92 public libraries in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon area. 47 libraries(70%) have conducted community survey during last 5 years. The frequency has increased since 2001. Considering the content item as separate entity, the average is 1.7 times per library. The main purpose of the survey was to understand the resident's need and a questionnaire survey method was applied dominantly. Problems involved with the lack of budget, time, and the librarian's ability are identified as obstacles. Based on the analysis, recommendations such as acknowledgement, administrations and financial support, establishment of standards, education and train information are suggested to promote the community survey.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.464-467
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• 1995

Autonomous Mobile Robot(AMR) is a field of study which is under active research along with rapid development of the engineering technology. The main reasons for the high interest in AMR are because of its ability to change work space freely and its capability to replace human being for difficult and dangerous jobs. Also the fact that AMR provides a variety of research fields, such as path planning, navigation algorithm, sensor fusion, image processing, and controller design is part of the reason for its popularity. But relatively few researches are concerned with controller. So in this paper, a control strategy of mobile robot with nonholonomic constraint for tracking ordered discontinuous motion is proposed. The proposed control strategy has been designed as a state feedback shape to allow the AMR to obtain continuous velocity and track the path which is composed of discontinuous motions. In order to design such controller, 3 states have been reduced to 2 states through coordinate projection. These ideas are tested for validity through simulation and simulation result is compared with experiments result.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.455-468
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• 2006

Smart structural systems are defined as ones that demonstrate the ability to modify their characteristics and/or properties in order to respond favorably to unexpected severe loading conditions. The performance of such a task requires a set of additional components to be integrated within such systems. These components belong to three major categories, sensors, processors and actuators. It is wellknown that all structural systems entail some level of uncertainty, because of their extremely complex nature, lack of complete information, simplifications and modeling. Similarly, sensors, processors and actuators are expected to reflect a similar uncertain behavior. As it is imperative to be able to evaluate the impact of such components on the behavior of the system, it is as important to ensure, or at least evaluate, the reliability of such components. In this paper, a system model for reliability assessment of smart structural systems is outlined. The presented model is considered a necessary first step in the development of a reliability assessment algorithm for smart structural systems. The system model outlines the basic components of the system, in addition to, performance functions and inter-relations among individual components. A fault tree model is developed in order to aggregate the individual underlying component reliabilities into an overall system reliability measure. Identification of appropriate limit states for all underlying components are beyond the scope of this paper. However, it is the objective of this paper to set up the necessary framework for identifying such limit states. A sample model for a three-story single bay smart rigid frame, is developed in order to demonstrate the proposed framework.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.1053-1064
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• 2023

Melatonin, which is produced from tryptophan, exerts various biological functions, including the regulation of circadian rhythm, sedative agents, and antioxidant ability. Therefore, we conducted two experiments with early-weaned rats and pigs to investigate the antioxidant and sedative effects of melatonin. In the rat experiment, a total of 42 rats (21 days old) were used, and the antioxidant capacity was determined. Next, we used 120 early-weaned piglets (21 days old) to conduct a 5-week experiment to evaluate the reductive effect of melatonin on energy-wasting movement, including roaming and fight states. Dietary melatonin supplementation significantly improved growth in both rats and pigs compared to the control groups. Additionally, rats fed a melatonin-supplemented diet showed advanced antioxidant capacity with a decrease in hepatic malondialdehyde concentration compared to rats fed a basal diet. Moreover, dietary melatonin ingestion increased resting and feeding behaviors and reduced roaming and fight behaviors during Days 8-21 compared to the control diet group. Collectively, early weaned animals given dietary melatonin supplementation showed improved growth through upregulation of hepatic antioxidant capacity and minimization of energy-wasting behavior, including roaming and fight states, after pigs' social hierarchy establishment.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.287-297
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• 2004

In this study, students' understanding of the analogies used for chemical concepts in science textbooks, misconceptions induced by the analogy, and the factors affecting conceptual understanding were investigated. In addition to the tests of field independency and logical thinking ability, tests of students' understanding of concepts and analogies on three states of matter, pressure-volume relation, molecular motion, and changing state depending upon energy were administered. The results revealed that half of the subjects understood the analogies differently from the textbook writers' intention and that students' conceptual understanding was significantly correlated with the degree of understanding on corresponding analogies, field independency, logical thinking ability, and prior achievement of science. The results of analyzing the direct and indirect effects of each variable on conceptual understanding showed that the direct effect of prior achievement was significant and that field independency and logical thinking ability had indirect effects through understanding of analogies and prior achievement of science. The limitations and implications of using analogies in science education were discussed on the basis of the results.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.87-100
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• 1997

Clinical Observation was made on 29 cases of Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients in the ICU of In-Chon Oriental Medical Hosptital of Dongguk University from October in 1994 to June in 1996. The observation are ability in daily life(ADL) of patients by Location and Type of Hemorrhage, Amounts of Hematoma, Graeb's Score, Intraventricular Hemorrhage, States 4th Ventricle, Surrounding Edema around the Hematoma, Middle Line Shift, Age, Level of Consciousness. Pupillary Light Reflex and Treatment Modalities. Our conclusions on Prognostic Factors using Computerized Tomographic Findings and Ability in daily Life(ADL) Evaluation in patients with Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients are as follows. A variety of prognostic factors that influence ADL5+6(%) were observed. 1. ADL5+6($\%$) of total cases was 34.9%. The prognosis were unfavorable when high Graeb score(P<0.05), dilated 4th ventricle(P<0.01), much surrounding edema around the hematoma (P<0.05), unilateral unreactive or both unreactive pupillary light reflex(P<0.05). 2. There was no difference of ADL5+6(%) in both hypertensive basal ganglionic and thalamic intracerebral hemorrhage. 3. The prognosis gets poorer as the volume of hematoma is more than 16cc. But there was no difference of ADL5+6(%) in each group. 4. The prognosis gets poorer in cases with IVH than without IVH. But there was no difference of ADL5+6(%) in each group. 5. The prognosis gets poorer as the middle line shift is more than 6mm. But there was no. difference of ADL5+6(%) in each group. 6. The prognosis gets poorer as the level of consciousness is more than drowsy. But there' was no difference of ADL5+6(%) in each group.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 1981

While one characteristic of modern enterprises is that their forms are mostly stock company type profit organization the other characteristic is that such modern enterprises have mostly been managing under separation between capital and management. The term "Separation of ownership and Management" means that a company is controlled and managed not by its financier or investor but by the professional manager equipped with scientific management skill and knowledge. Nowadays, separation between capital and management could be adopted by advent of professional managers, and the enterprises are managed not exclusively by the interested group of stockholders but by the professional managers Professional managers can manage their enterprises in such a way as to guarantee to achieve sociality and public interests required in the modern enterprises. The purpose of this study is to formalize management ideology of enterprises in Daegu Area by means of comparative study on the degree of separation of ownership and management among enterprises in the United States, Japan and Daegu Area, thus to advise enterprising men of management idea-logy formalized. Findings from the comparative study are as follows 1. There are differences in staffing and financing between enterprises of the United States and those of Japan and Daegu Area. 2. Degree of Separation of ownership and management in Japan and Daegu Area is much less than that of the United States, and 3. The degree of separation of ownership and management is higher in open enterprises in Daegu Area. Accordingly. enterprises in Daegu Area should adopt up-to-data management theory and techniques in order to be developed themselves, and furthermore, to contribute to both the nation and the local community in economic development. In modern industrial society, the scale enterprise organization is growing very rapidly and the managerial circumstances are very much complicate and variable , thus the demand for the competent managers equipped with management knowledge and ability are high. The necessity of systematic and efficient managerial training is social demand needed urgently in modern industrial society. Therefore, it is necessary for the enterprising men in Daegu Area to establish cooperation system between university and industry in which they can participate voluntarily.luntarily.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.281-294
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• 2015

Bolted joint connection is the most commonly used connection element in structures and devices. The loosening due to external dynamic loads cannot be observed and measured easily and may cause catastrophic loss especially in an extreme requirement and/or environment. In this paper, an innovative Real-time Cross-Correlation Method (RCCM) for monitoring of the bolted joint loosening was proposed. We apply time reversal process on stress wave propagation to obtain correlation signal. The correlation signal's peak amplitude represents the cross-correlation between the loosening state and the baseline working state; therefore, it can detect the state of loosening. Since the bolt states are uncorrelated with noise, the peak amplitude will not be affected by noise and disturbance while it increases SNR level and increases the measured signals' reliability. The correlation process is carried out online through physical wave propagation without any other post offline complicated analyses and calculations. We implemented the proposed RCCM on a single bolt/nut joint experimental device to quantitatively detect the loosening states successfully. After that we implemented the proposed method on a real large structure (reaction wall) with multiple bolted joint connections. Loosening indexes were built for both experiments to indicate the loosening states. Finally, we demonstrated the proposed method's great anti-noise and/or disturbance ability. In the instrumentation, we simply mounted Lead Zirconium Titanate (PZT) patches on the device/structure surface without any modifications of the bolted connection. The low-cost PZTs used as actuators and sensors for active sensing are easily extended to a sensing network for large scale bolted joint network monitoring.