• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.237-240
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• 1985

Abdominal pregnancy is one of the rare but extremely harzardous complications of childbearing. The diagnosis of the abdominal pregnancy is rarely made before surgery and the management of it also has many difficult problems. I experienced a case of abdominal pregnancy developed after the previous unilateral adnexectomy and it was a suspicious primary abdominal pregnancy as though did not fulfilled the Studdiford's the following criteria for primary abdominal pregnancy. 1) normal tubes and ovaries with no evidence of recent or remote injury, 2) absence of any evidence of uteroplacental fistula, and 3) presence of a pregnancy related exclusively to the peritoneal surface and young enough to eliminate the possibility of secondary implantation following primary nidation in the tube. And now I present a case with brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.275-278
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• 2000

A 3-year-old yorkshire terrier was examined because of the green-like vaginal discharge. Abdominal ultrasonographs revealed dead fetuses in the abdominal cavity. Surgical exploration revealed fetuses located in the region of the uterine wall, the omentum, the ileum, and the upper right side of the liver respectively. Fetal structures were removed and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. The abdominal cavity was flushed with warm saline and then the incision closed. These fetuses were at different stages of development. It was suggested that the development of the fetuses apparently continued in extrauterine pregnancy until the blood supply became inadquate for further growth.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2007

Abdominal pregnancy is a very rare form of ectopic pregnancy following IVF-ET procedure. Because the symptoms of abdominal pregnancy is not typical, it is difficult to diagnose early and the mortality rate is higher than other ectopic pregnancies. Liver, spleen, omentum and diaphragm are main implantation sites of abdominal pregnancy. We reported an unusual first case of an etopic pregnancy on uterosacral ligament following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer with brief review of literature.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.318-325
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• 2021

Purpose: Although insulin is usually injected into the abdominal subcutaneous fat, in pregnancy women tend to avoid abdominal injections due to concern about fetal damage. Prior studies have been limited to only measuring skin-subcutaneous fat thickness (S-ScFT) at one site at specific pregnancy points. This study aimed to measure S-ScFT across several abdominal sites and over the gestational period in Korean pregnant women. This can identify which site would be relatively safe for subcutaneous injection during pregnancy. Methods: Healthy women over 24 weeks of pregnancy in Korea were invited to voluntarily participate in this descriptive study. For the 142 women, S-ScFT of 12 sites in the abdomen were measured by ultrasound, several times over the pregnancy. Each incidence was treated as a case and a total of 262 cases were analyzed. Results: The mean S-ScFT during pregnancy was 1.14±0.47 cm (1.25±0.54 cm at 24⁺⁰-27⁺⁶ weeks; 1.17±0.48 cm at 28⁺⁰-31⁺⁶ weeks; 1.09+0.40 cm at 32⁺⁰-35⁺⁶ weeks; and 1.06±0.47 cm at 36⁺⁰-40 weeks of pregnancy). Most S-ScFT were thicker than 10 mm. But S-ScFTs in the lateral abdomen and some sites were suboptimal (<6 mm), especially in the pre-pregnancy underweight body mass index group, who had a high rate of suboptimal thickness (27.1% overall and 33.9% in the lateral side). Conclusion: The whole abdomen seems to be appropriate for subcutaneous injection in most Korean women during pregnancy, with a 4 to 5-mm short needle. However, for the lateral abdomen, making the skin fold might be needed for fetal safety.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2023

This study reports a rare case of broad ligament abdominal ectopic pregnancy (EP). Interventions included preoperative transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonography and operative laparoscopy. Successful extraction of the EP, followed by suturing of the mesosalpinx, was performed. Laparoscopic fertility-preservation treatment of broad ligament EP is valuable for women during the childbearing period.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.338-346
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• 2020

The present study was conducted in a goat farm for pregnancy diagnosis by using vaginal cytology and B-mode real time ultrasound using 5 MHz probe by transabdominal method. Seventeen pregnant does were used for this study. The objective of the study was to determine the earliest day of pregnancy and describe the chronological characteristics of pregnancy from day 22 to day 40 for vaginal cytology and day 25 to day 60 for ultrasonography of gestation. The differences among the average percentage of cell value in different age of pregnancy were significant (p < 0.05). The average percentage of intermediate cells (81.12%) was also significantly (p < 0.05) higher than superficial (9.41%), keratinized (7.10%) and neutrophil (2.61%) on 22-40th days of pregnancy. In case of real time B-mode ultrasonography, the gestational sac was observed only in three does out of seventeen (17.6 %) at 25-30 days whereas the placentomes and heart beat of the foetus were first detected at 31-35 days in six does (35.3%). The foetal leg buds were first visualized at 36-40 days in four does (23.5%) whereas the foetal vertebral column was first observed at 36-40 days of gestation in only three does (17.6%). In conclusion, vaginal cytology and trans-abdominal ultrasonography can be used for detection of early pregnancy in does.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.528-533
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• 2012

Background Rectus abdominis muscle and abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue are useful for reconstruction of the chest wall, and abdominal, vaginal, and perianal defects. Thus, preoperative evaluation of rectus abdominis muscle and abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue is important. This is a retrospective study that measured the thickness of rectus abdominis muscle and abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue using computed tomography (CT) and analyzed the correlation with the patients' age, gestational history, history of laparotomy, and body mass index (BMI). Methods A total of 545 adult women were studied. Rectus abdominis muscle and abdominal subcutaneous fat thicknesses were measured with abdominopelvic CT. The results were analyzed to determine if the thickness of the rectus abdominis muscle or subcutaneous fat tissue was significantly correlated with age, number of pregnancies, history of laparotomy, and BMI. Results Rectus abdominis muscle thicknesses were 9.58 mm (right) and 9.73 mm (left) at the xiphoid level and 10.26 mm (right) and 10.26 mm (left) at the umbilicus level. Subcutaneous fat thicknesses were 24.31 mm (right) and 23.39 mm (left). Rectus abdominismuscle thickness decreased with age and pregnancy. History of laparotomy had a significant negative correlation with rectus abdominis muscle thickness at the xiphoid level. Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness had no correlation with age, number of pregnancies, or history of laparotomy. Conclusions Age, gestational history, and history of laparotomy influenced rectus abdominis muscle thickness but did not influence abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness. These results are clinically valuable for planning a rectus abdominis muscle flap and safe elevation of muscle flap.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness(ASFT) and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) measured by ultrasound at period of pregnancy. We compared maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and weight gain during pregnancy in 286 pregnant women who were diagnosed with early pregnancy ASFT and high GDM screening test(50 g OGTT) of more than 140 mg/dL. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off value of ASFT for GDM prediction. Maternal age and weight gain during pregnancy were not related to GDM in the mid-trimester and pre-pregnancy body mass index and earely pregnancy ASFT were significantly different between normal and GDM high risk groups. The cut-off value of ASFT for GDM prediction was 2.23 cm(AUC 0.913. Sensitivity 76.19%, Specificity 93.72%). ASFT measured by ultrasound in early pregnancy was useful as an important index for predicting mid-trimester GDM prediction. Therefore, ASFT can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic index for early recognition of GDM.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2019

Isolated tubal torsion is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy. Tubal torsion may occur in the absence of adnexal disease. Diagnosing tubal torsion is especially difficult in pregnancy because no precise preoperative radiological and biochemical investigations have been conducted. Most patients are diagnosed during surgery. Here, I present a case of isolated tubal torsion in a pregnant woman at 35 weeks and 6 days of gestation that was managed with salpingectomy and cesarean section simultaneously.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.180-190
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the treatment progress of a pregnant women who were treated with Korean medical hospitalization due to threatened abortion in first trimester and plecenta previa in second trimester during pregnancy. Methods: A 36-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized twice at 9 and 19 weeks of pregnancy due to threatened abortion in first trimester and plecenta previa in second trimester. The patient was prescribed Korean Medicine(Gamidanggui-san, Gamibosaeng-tang) and treated with acupuncture, moxa. Global Assessment(G/A) of bleeding volume and frequency, Numerical Rating Scale(NRS) of abdominal pain, Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) of symptoms was assessed during hospitalization days. Results: Amounts of bleeding, abdominal pain decreased, and other symptoms improved during hospitalization days. The patient maintained her pregnancy until 31^st gestational week and gave a birth by Cesarean section. After giving birth, mother and infant are both in good health. Conclusions: This study suggests Korean medicine treatment has effectively reduced uterine bleeding and helped maintain pregnancy.