• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2012

Amount of radiation exposure by seeing through fluoroscopy examination while is many patient exposure administration and unprepared misgovernment be. In this study, abdominal fluoroscopy during the scan, the dose and image quality change according to the use of grid and added filter optimized by measuring the test condition is proposed. Uses seeing through fluoroscopy examination equipment of Image Intensifier of Easy Diagnost Eleva (Philips), under tube type and uses Human phantom and measures average area dose according to grid insertion existence and nonexistence and added filter kind change. Measure sum of 29 organ dose and effective dose through PCXMC imagination simulation program and image J program through noise, SNR, image distortion was measured. Resolution, sharpness, and analyzed using the MTF curves. Fluorography the grid to insert the filter thickness and thickening and increased the average area dose and organ doses and effective dose. In the case of spot examination, when inserted grid, average area dose and organ dose and effective dose increased. Filter thickens the average area dose decreased, but the organ doses and effective dose were increased when use 0.2mmCu+1mmAl filter, decreased slightly. Noise and SNR measurements without inserting the gird, if you do not use the added filter was the lowest and when measure the distortion, 0.1mmCu+1mmAl filter was no difference of image quality in case insert grid was judged that when did not use occasion added filter that do not use grid, difference of image quality does not exist. Did not show a big difference, according to the grid and uses of the added filter sharpness, and resolution. Patient dose increases with factors that reduce the quality of the image so reckless grid and the use of the added filter when abdominal fluoroscopy examination should be cautious in using.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1992

Splanchnic nerve block(SNP) is performed to relieve intractable upper abdominal cancer pain. Boas, in a technique using fluoroscopy, was the first to note the difference between transcrural celiac plexus block and retrocrural splanchnic nerve block(SNB). We have experienced 10 cases of SNB at the T12 level under control of fluoroscopy. Our results support this approach as an effective method for upper abdominal cancer pain control.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2020

IVR procedures are on the rise, and patient doses are on the rise. It is necessary to evaluate fluoroscopy dose in IVR procedure. Evaluate ESD on IVR equipment as a reference to DRL settings, I would like to present the direction of improvement in the ESD rate test criteria for fluoroscopy dose. The experimental method is measured with 6cc ionization chamber under the 20cm PMMA Phantom. Radiation is subject to abdominal procedure. The average dose rate of the incident surface was 21.6 ± 11.4 mGy/min. The highest dose equipment was 58.5 mGy/min, and there was no equipment exceeding the domestic standard of 100 mGy/min. However, there were five units above 50 mGy/min. To reduce fluoroscopy dose, it is recommended to reduce pulse rate, The dose increases as the image receptor ages. It is recommended to modify the domestic inspection criteria to 50 mGy/min.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 1989

Neurolytic splanchnic nerve block is an effective method for the relief of pain of upper abdominal cancer. Nine cases of intractable upper abdominal cancer pain were treated by splanchnic nerve block with absolute alcohol (25 ml) at the pain clinic of Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, during a 19 month period from March, 1988 to September, 1989. The group included six patients with stomach cancer, two patients with pancreatic cancer, and one patient with hepatobiliary cancer. We used fluoroscopy in all cases of alcohol spianchnic nerve block to determine both, the position of the needle tip, and the spread of the neurolytic solution. Of the 9 patients, 6 patients had excellent pain relief, and 3 patients who had combined upper abdominal and lower back pain had relieved upper abdominal pain only, but remaining lower back pain. Of the 9 patients', 5 patients had excellent pain relief through the patients remaining life (1-2 months) in which follow up was possible.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.200-204
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• 1991

Neurolytic splanchnic nerve block is a relatively safe and effective method for the relief of intractable pain caused by upper abdominal cancer. We have experienced a case of severe acute respiratory failure during splanchnic nerve block under control of X-ray fluoroscopy. We think that the most likely cause of the acute respiratory failure was an asthmatic attack due to anxiety and dyspnea from the injury or stimulation of the diaphragm and pleura in this case.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.231-234
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• 2021

A 14-month-old, intact female Maltese (case 1) and a 26-month-old, spayed female Dachshund (case 2) had persistent regurgitation over 1 year and 2 years, respectively. In both cases, there were not specific findings in blood examination. Diagnostic imaging and fluoroscopy revealed that gastroesophageal reflux (GER) occurred when the patients ate a barium meal without abdominal contraction. They were treated with proton-pump inhibitor (esomeprazole), sucralfate and prokinetics (cisapride) while in a standing position for an hour after every meal, according to the gastroesophageal disease (GERD) suggested treatment. The case 1 dog was discharged with improved clinical signs, and the case 2 dog also had been improved clinical signs; however, aspiration pneumonia occurred in case 2, which was thought to be a complication from GERD. After receiving treatment for aspiration pneumonia, the case 2 dog was discharged from the hospital. Since there was no further improvement in symptoms after discharge, the case 1 dog was euthanized by owner's request, and the case 2 is alive, having only mild clinical signs upon the writing of this paper.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.89-92
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• 1997

Neurolytic splanchnic nerve block is effective for treatment of intractable upper abdominal cancer pain. Conventional approach for splanchnic nerve block is conducted in the prone position to ensure proper orientation and to allow insertion of needles on each side of the vertebral body. However, the prone position has some technical disadvantages as this position is frequently poorly tolerated by a majority of patients with advanced cancer due to severe abdominal pain, ascites and so on. Male patient, 53-year old with transverse colon cancer, carcinomatosis peritonei and $L_1,\;L_2$ vertebral body metastasis, was admitted for treatment of severe right upper quadrant and right iliac crest pain. We performed neurolytic splanchnic nerve block with transdiscal technique in the lateral decubitus position under fluoroscopic guidance, and well noted the usefulness and the advantage of this technique. The benefits of this technique are safe, simple and effective because the lateral position is better tolerated by patients and makes bony landmarks more accessible during fluoroscopy.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1989

Splanchnic nerve block is performed to relieve intractable upper abdominal pain caused by carcinoma of the pancreas, stomach, liver, or colon; and upper abdominal metastasis of tumors having more distant origins. We have performed splanchnic nerve blocks under control of X-ray fluoroscopy, for all cases of alcohol splanchnic nerve block at $L_1$ vertebra, to determine both the position of the needle tips and the spread of contrast media. During the period from December 1987 to August 1988, this method was used in 40 cases of malignancy at Severance Hospital and we clinically evaluated the location of the needle tip and the spread of contrast media. The results were as follows: 1) Our method was a retrocrural approach, the splanchnic nerve block, in all cases. 2) Most of the inserted needle points were located in the upper and anterolateral part of the $L_1$ vertebra on the antero posterior roentagenogram and in the upper quarter anteriorly on the lateral roentgenogram. 3) There was no specific relationship between the location of the needle and the spread of the contrast media. 4) The contrast media was spread around the needle and then upward along the anterior margin of the vertebral body in most of the cases. 5) Pain relief was obtained immediately in 37 cases (92.5%), but in 3 cases only after a second splanchnic nerve block.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.949-966
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• 1996

형태학적으로 가장 효과적인 X-선 촬영 및 투시각도를 연구하기 위해서 전방향 방호X-선기와 소동물용 $360^{\circ}$ 회전형 보정장치를 이용하여 고양이의 복부장기를 대상으로 방사선 투시와 촬영을 병행하여 조사하였다. 조사한 장기는 횡격막, 간, 위, 결장, 비장, 신장이였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 횡격막은 $30^{\circ}$에서 $90^{\circ}$ 각도 사이에서 가장 선명한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 2. 간의 좌엽과 중간엽은 수평면의 $60^{\circ}$ 각도에서 관찰된 반면, 우엽은 수직면의 $60^{\circ}$ 각도에서 관찰되었다. 3. 위는 우측 $30^{\circ}$ 각도 복-좌배사면과 좌측 $60^{\circ}$ 각도 배-우복사면에서 가스가 존재할 때 특히 잘 관찰되었다. 4. 결장은 수평면의 $30^{\circ}$ 각도 이상에서는 자세히 관찰되었다. 5. 비장은 복배면과 우측 $60^{\circ}$ 복-좌배사면사이와 배복면과 좌-우외측면 사이의 각도에서 잘 관찰되었다. 6. 신장의 배쪽면과 등쪽면의 경우 수평면의 $30^{\circ}$ 각도에서 가장 잘 관찰되었다. 7. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 본 연구의 결과는 고양이 각 장기의 이상유무 분석에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.211-216
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• 1994

Celiac plexus block is performed to relieve intractable upper abdominal cancer pain. Generally, celiac plexus blocks have been performed under control of X-ray fluoroscopy to determine the position of the needle tip and the spread of contrast media. During the period from March 1992 to February 1994, we have performed 21 cases of neurolytic celiac plexus block to alleviate pain of intra-abdominal malignancy. We retrospectively evaluated the location of the needle tip and the spread of contrast media. P-A views of simple abdomen demonstrated the locations of the needle tip: 66.7% of the left needle tips were in upper 3/1 of L1 (6 cases) and $T_{12}-L_1$ interspace (8 cases), 50% of the right needle tips were in upper 1/3 of $L_1$, (6 cases) and $T_{12}-L_1$ interspace (4 cases). Contrast media from the right needle spread upward to middle 1/3 of $T_{10}$ (5 cases) and middle 1/3 of $T_{11}$ (5 cases), downward to middle 1/3 of $L_1$ (6 cases) and lower 1/3 of $L_1$ (3 cases). Contrast media from the left needle were spread upward to middle 1/3 of $T_{10}$ (5 cases) and evenly to other spaces, downward to middle 1/3 of $L_1$, (4 cases) and $L_1-L_2$ interspace (6 cases). We analyze the spread of contrast media according to distance from needle tip by authors score system. Contrast media of right needle spread upward 6.1 and downward 3.4, that of left needle spread upward 6.5 and downward 3.7.