• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.348-354
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an abdominal obesity management program on a woman's body composition and physiological indicators. A sample of 20 women who were 33 to 62 years old with abdominal obesity (greater than 80cm of waist circumference) participated in the program for 12 weeks. The program consisted of aerobic dance and yoga for one hour, twice a week. Their body composition was measured with BMI, body fat %, waist circumference, and waist/hip ratio. The physiological indicators were measured by systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides before and after the program. The results showed that waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, and fasting blood glucose decreased significantly after the program. However, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and blood lipids did not change. An abdominal obesity management program with aerobic dance and yoga is partially effective in decreasing abdominal obesity. Further studies are required to replicate the study with a control group using an experimental design.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2017

Objectives : This study evaluated the efficacy of electroacupuncture therapy using an insulated needle in adults with abdominal obesity. Methods : This study was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-designed pilot trial. Sixteen participants eligible according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into an insulated needle group and a control group. Insulated or common needles were inserted at acupoints located on the abdomen (CV12, CV6, ST25, ST27, SP15) and were electrically stimulated for 30 minutes (16 Hz, within tolerable strength). A total of 10 sessions of treatment were performed twice per week for 5 weeks. All participants were requested to maintain their usual diet and lifestyle. The outcome measures were waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and abdominal computed tomography (CT) of the total fat area (TFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and visceral fat area (VFA). Results : A total of 12 participants divided into the insulated needle group (n = 5) and the control group (n = 7; common needle) were treated for 10 sessions and analyzed per-protocol (PP). WC decreased significantly after 10 sessions in both groups. The WC, TFA, SFA, and VFA of abdominal CT in the insulated needle group decreased more than in the control group; however, there were no significant differences in any parameter between the insulated needle group and the control group. Patients in the insulated needle group were more strongly stimulated with electrical stimulation than patients in the control group. Conclusion : Electroacupuncture using insulated needles in adults with abdominal obesity might be a more effective treatment than common needles. Additional studies are required to compensate for the limitations of this pilot study and to verify the results and efficacy.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2002

타우린 첨가가 복강지방 및 간과 혈청 중 콜레스테롤 농도에 미치는 영향을 육계 수컷병아리에서 조사하였다. 1일령 병아리를 사료에 타우린을 첨가하지 않은 대조구와 1% 그리고 2%를 첨가한 3가지 시험구에 균일하게 분포시켰다. 2% 타우린 첨가 시 육계의 증체량은 6% 감소하였으나, 사료효율은 처리구간 차이가 없었다. 간 중량과 체중대비 간 중량도 처리구간 차이가 없었으나, 복강지방은 1%와 2% 타우린 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 14%와 20% 낮았다. 혈청 중 중성지방, glucose, GOT, 및 GPT 농도는 처리구간 차이가 없었으나, 혈청 중 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 1%와 2% 타우린 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 10%와 12% 증가하였다. HDL-콜레스테롤 역시 1%와 2% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 20%와 34% 높았다. 간의 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 1%와 2% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 9%와 13% 낮았으며, 간의 HDL-콜레스테롤 농도 역시 1%와 2% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 20%와 38% 낮았다. 본 연구의 결과는 타우린 첨가가 육계의 복강지방의 축적을 억제시키며 콜레스테롤 대사에 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여준다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.1082-1089
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• 2005

목 적 : 복부 비만은 고혈압, 인슐린 저항, 고인슐린혈증, 당뇨, 고지혈증과 같은 많은 심혈관계 질환의 위험 요인으로 제시되고 있다. 복부 비만을 측정하는 지표로 허리/둔부 비와 허리둘레가 사용되고 있으나, 관상동맥 질환의 예측인자로 복부 비만의 측정학적 cut-off 수치가 소아에서는 아직 제시되지 못하고 있다. 복부 전산화 단층촬영과 초음파를 이용하여 복부 지방을 측정하고, 여러 비만 지표들과의 상관관계를 연구함으로써 복부 비만의 합병증으로 초래되는 심혈관계 질환의 위험인자 평가 방법을 알아 보고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 비만한 청소년 27명과 나이와 성별이 대등한 정상 체중을 가진 청소년 22명을 대상으로 하여 체질량 지수와 비만 지수, 상완둘레 및 삼각근에서 피부 두께를 비교하였다. 또한, 12시간 공복 상태에서 혈중 지질 및 혈당, 인슐린, 4가지 사이토카인을 측정하고, 인슐린 저항 지수를 구하였으며, 생체 전기저항법을 이용하여 체지방량, 체지방률, 복부지방률을 측정하여 비교하였다. 비만군에서는 복부 초음파로 배꼽부위 피하지방 두께와 복강 내 지방 두께를 측정하고, 복부 전산화 단층 촬영으로 얻은 횡단면 스캔에서 전체 지방 면적을 구하였고, 이 중 피하지방의 면적을 감산하여 복강 내 지방 면적을 구하였다. 결 과 : 소아에서 복부 CT로 측정한 총 지방 면적과 생체 전기 저항법으로 측정한 총지방량과 상관성이 매우 높았다(r=0.954, P<0.05). 복부 CT에서 측정한 복강 내 지방 면적은 상완둘레, 복부비만율, 초음파로 측정한 복부 내 지방 깊이 및 피하 지방량, 체질량 지수, 중성지방 등과 상관성이 높았다. 결 론 : 복부 CT는 복강 내 지방을 측정하는 가장 정확한 방법이지만 임상적으로 유용하지 못하므로, CT와 상관성이 높은 복부 초음파로 대치할 수 있다. 외래나 학교 신체검사에서 사용할 수 있는 선별 검사로는 생체 전기 저항법에 의한 체지방 측정, 상완 둘레, 체질량 지수, 허리/둔부 비 등이 있다. 소아 성인병의 심혈관 위험 예측 지표로는 공복시 leptin, 중성지방, 인슐린 농도 등을 사용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Korean type 2 diabetes patients. The subjects were 429 (male: 218, female: 211) type 2 DM patients visited DM clinic, and they were classified into quartiles based on $K_{ITT}$ index (%/min, Insulin Tolerance Test). Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, and dietary intakes by Food Frequency Questionnaire were assessed. The means of waist circumference, fat mass, percent body fat and abdominal fat thickness were significantly higher in the lowest quartile (the most insulin resistant group) than in the highest quartile (the least insulin resistant group) of $K_{ITT}$ index (%/min)(p<0.05), For hematological values, the lowest quartile showed significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, insulin, triglyceride, ApoB/apoA-1 ratio and C-reactive protein compared to the highest quartile (p < 0.05). Moreover, $K_{ITT}$ index (%/min) was negatively correlated with waist circumference, fat mass, percent body fat, abdominal fat thickness and fasting blood concentrations of glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, ApoB/apoA-1 ratio and C-reactive protein (p < 0.05). Nutrient intakes were not significantly different among the quartile groups of $K_{ITT}$ index (%/min) and also not correlated with insulin resistance, however, they showed correlation with obesity parameters (BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, vat mass, abdominal fat thickness), which were strongly associated with insulin resistance. In conclusion, cardiovascular disease risk would be higher as the insulin resistance grows in Korean type 2 DM patients, and nutrient intakes would affect to the insulin resistance through the effect on anthropometric parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.524-530
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• 2012

Laying hens were fed commercial diets added with supplemented fat (SFAT) at 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8% in order to study the long term dietary effects - on - their productive performance from 22 to 75 wk of age. Five hundred and seventy six Single Comb White Leghorn hens were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments. The experimental phase consisted of three periods of 18 wk each. The final body weight and gain of hens fed on diets with SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% were lower (p<0.05) than those hens given no SFAT. The SFAT at the 1.2% and 1.8% levels improved egg production rate, egg weight and mass, as well as FCR. Mortality and feed consumption were not affected by dietary SFAT. Administration of a diet with SFAT significantly decreased the cracked-broken egg ratio (p<0.01). The beneficial effects of SFAT on egg production performance were particularly more pronounced at intermediate and later ages. Hence, SFAT by period interactions were significant for all traits studied except feed intake. Hens fed SFAT deposited significantly higher abdominal fat than those on the no-SFAT diet. As a result, SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% inclusion levels provided benefits in terms of efficient table egg production.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.680-691
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal. Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.366-370
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• 2019

Overweight and obesity induce serious health problems that exert negative effects on dog's welfare. Body condition score (BCS) is a common method to evaluate the body fat mass in animals. By palpating and observing fats under the skin it is possible to predict animal's body fat accumulation condition. BCS is also a useful tool to estimate body fat composition in dogs. However, BCS can be subjective when it was performed by non-professionals like pet's owners. To develop a method to avoid the misevaluation of BCS twenty-four Beagles were enrolled and performed BCS evaluation. In addition, the length of chest and abdominal girths were measured. In correlation analysis, the sizes of chest and abdominal girth were significantly correlated with BCS. Especially, the difference and ratio of the chest and abdominal length were highly correlated with the BCS. With that, we suggested that this simple measurement of chest and abdominal girths by a measuring tape would be an effective method to estimate BCS scores in dogs that helps non-professionals to manage their own dog's nutritional condition by monitoring body fat accumulation condition.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of electrical stimulation of body composition in obese person. Subjects were 30s to 40s aged healthy workers(2004. 3. 8~4. 17) in the S general Hospital in Suwon and they were brought to manage obesity. Subjects were divided into control group(Female<0.85, Male<0.90) and study group(Female>0.85, Male>0.90) by WHR(waist-hip ratio) that is measured by Automatic body composition analyzer(InBody 3.0). And we divided the study group with randomized methods into group A(n=8) and group B(n=8). Then we compared and analyzed the change of muscle mass, body fat, abdominal girth, WHR, BMI(body mass index) after application of electrical stimulation, three times a week, for 30 minutes in each session with 50 Hz of pulse frequency, $20\;{\mu}s$ or $250\;{\mu}s$ of pulse duration. There was statistically meaningful decrement of body fat(p<0.05) and abdominal girth(p<0.05) but not of body weight, muscle mass, WHR and BMI in the control group after application of electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $20\;{\mu}s$. There were meaningful change of abdominal girth(p<0.05), WHR(p<0.05) and BMI(p<0.05), but not of body weight, muscle mass and body fat after application of electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $20\;{\mu}s$ in group A. We applied electrical stimulation with 50 Hz, $250\;{\mu}s$ in group B, then there were meaningful change of body weight(p<0.05), body fat(p<0.01), abdominal girth(p<0.01), WHR(p<0.05) and BMI(p<0.01) but not of muscle mass only. Consequently, the pulse duration is the main parameter of electrical stimulation that affect the body composition of obese person in this study and if we combined the diet control to reduce blood components we could have better result. So it would be more effective to manage localized obesity(in abdomen, thigh, upper arm, etc.) if you apply electrical stimulation considering the pulse duration.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2018

한약을 결합한 감로수 절식요법이 여성의 체성분 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 2018년 8월 17일부터 2018년 10월 24일까지 대전대학교 둔산한방병원 여성의학비만센터 외래로 내원하여 절식요법을 시행한 여성 환자 11명을 대상으로 감식기 시작일, 회복식기 종료일에 시행한 체성분검사 결과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 절식 후 체중은 $2.52{\pm}0.86kg$, 체지방량은 $1.02{\pm}0.65kg$, 골격근량은 $0.83{\pm}0.62kg$, 세포외수분비는 $0.002{\pm}0.003$, 기초대사량은 $32.91{\pm}23.06kcal$, 복부 둘레는 $1.76{\pm}1.47cm$만큼 유의하게 감소하였다. BMI, 내장지방단면적, 복부지방두께도 절식요법 후 유의한 감소를 나타냈다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 한약을 결합한 감로수 절식요법은 외래로 내원하는 여성 비만 환자에게 적용하는 단기 절식 프로그램으로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.