• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1998

The present study was undertaken to characterize homocysteic acid (HCA)-and cysteic acid (CA)-mediated formation of inositol phosphates (InsP) in primary culture of rat cerebellar granule cells. HCA and CA stimulated InsP formation in a dose-dependent manner, which was prevented by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist D,L-2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid (APV). CA-, but not HCA-, mediated InsP formation was in part prevented by the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist ?${\alpha}$-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine ($({\pm})$-MCPG). Both HCA- and CA-mediated increases in intracellular calcium concentration were completely blocked by APV, but were not altered by $({\pm})$-MCPG. CA-mediated InsP formation was in part prevented by removal of endogenous glutamate. In contrast, the glutamate transport blocker L-aspartic acid-${\beta}$-hydroxamate synergistically increased CA responses. These data indicate that in cerebellar granule cells HCA mediates InsP formation wholly by activating NMDA receptor. In contrast, CA stimulates InsP formation by activating both NMDA receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor, and in part by releasing endogenous glutamate into extracellular milieu.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.549-553
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• 2017

2014년에 착수된 한국형 SBAS인 KASS 개발 사업은 2022년 APV-1급 SOL서비스를 목표로 개발이 수행 중에 있다. KASS 연구개발에는 개발 요구조건 및 성능 요구조건을 분석하기 위해 비행시험이 이루어져야 한다. 그러나 국내에는 아직 평가항목이 제시되어 있지 않아 FAA 및 ICAO 규정서를 분석하여 KASS 개발을 위한 비행시험용 평가 항목이 구성되어야 하고, 국제적 기준에 부합하여 만들어져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 위성항행시스템을 적용한 비행시험용 SBAS 구간별 절차 검증을 분석한다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.42-50
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• 1998

The effect of swirl flows un the fuel spray characteristics were investigated for various swillers in a model combustor. The interaction between the flow field and fuel spray in the main combustion tone made by frontal devices including fuel injection nozzles and swirlers. which were characterized by flow velocities, fuel droplet sizes and their distributions which were measured by APV(Adaptive Phase/Doppler Velocimetry) under atmospheric condition at 320cc/min kerosine fuel flow and 0.04kg/sec air supply. A dual swirler with circumferential two-stage swirl vanes of $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}$ vanes in different directions and two single-stage swillers of $40^{\circ}$ vanes with 12 and 16 vanes were tested. It was found that the dual swirler has the largest recirculating zone with highest reverse flow velocity. The strongest swirl flow was found at the boundary of recirculation zone. Small fuel droplets were observed in the main axial stream and inside the recirculation zone when swirling flow field were generated by the frontal devices. These findings could give the tips on the optimal design of frontal devices to realize low emissions in gas turbine combustion.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.591-601
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• 1998

The neurotoxic effects of radiation have been studied in NSC-34 hybrid cells derived from embryonic mouse spinal cord cells. NSC-34 cells irradiated at 25Gy were decreased the cell viability in a time and dose dependent manner. The decrease in cell viability induced by the irradiation was blocked by catalase. Antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, including D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV) and chlorokynurenic acid (CKA), similarly blocked radiational induced in cell viability. We performed morphological analysis of light and electron microscope. NSC-34 cells irradiated at 25Gy were decreased the cell density and increased lysosomes and vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Especially chromatin modification was observed. These results indicated that radiation was involved in the oxidant-initiated neurotoxicity and the compounds catalase, APV and CKA were shown to be neuroprotective against radiation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2017

본 논문은 해양 플랜트에 설치되는 압력 시스템 구조물의 위상 최적화를 통한 경량화 설계와 구조해석을 통한 구조안전성 평가에 대한 연구결과이다. 해양 플랜트에 설치되는 구조물은 기본적인 자중 외에도 해상에서 발생하는 풍하중 및 동하중에 따른 구조 설계가 매우 중요하고 구조 안전성 평가가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 DNV 선급 규정에 따라 풍하중 및 동하중을 상황별로 분류해 이를 해석에 적용하여 수행하였다. 경량 화된 형상을 얻기 위한 방법으로 위상 최적화 기법을 구조물에 적용하였다. 위상 최적화 해석을 통해 구조물에서 응력이 집중되는 부분을 확인할 수 있었다. 위상 최적화 해석을 통하여 설계 시 불필요한 요소를 제거한 형상을 얻어 보강대 형태를 가진 형태로 설계 하였다. 위상 최적화를 통해 얻은 설계 형태를 바탕으로 구조해석을 통한 안전성을 평가하여 형상에 대한 적합성을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구에서는 실제 시험을 통해 구조안전성 평가가 어려운 해양플랜트 구조물의 설계 및 안전성평가 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2006

The ELISA titers to avian pneumovirus (APV) and avian reovirus (ARV) were surveyed to sera of 38 breeder farms (78 blocks, 1,560 hens) in Jeonbuk province during February to October, 2005. In APV, the positive ELISA were detected 36 (94.7%) breeders, 71 (91.0%) blocks, 1,057 (67.8%) hens, and their S/P ratio was 1.940. Regionally, the positivity of 24 breeders farms in the Jeonju, Jeongeup, Namwon, and Jangsu were noted as 100%, whereas 85.7% in Iksan. The positivity to species such as Cobb (20), Ross (13) and Hanhyup-3 (5), all of the breeding farms were detected as positive, 40 (86.9%), 17 (94.4%) and 14 (100.0%) in blocks, 553 (60.1%), 285 (79.2%) and 219 (78.2%) in hens, and their mean S/P ratio were 1.677, 1.769 and 2.254, respectively. The positivity of the breeders vaccinated with ARV, all of the 9 breeder farms (38 blocks) were noted as 100%, but 627 (82.5%) in hens, and its mean S/P ratio was 1.273. Whereas nonvaccinated with ARV were 28 (96.5%) in breeders farms, 38 (95.0%) in blocks, 660 (82.5%) in hens, and the mean S/P ratio was 1.612. In species which were vaccinated with ARV, 11 breeder farms (38 blocks) were noted as 100%, but 82.5% in hens, and their mean S/P ratio were 1.315. Whereas in nonvaccinated with ARV, 25 (92.6%) in farms, 38 (95.0%) in blocks and 660 (82.5%) in hens were positive, and their mean S/P ratio was 1.532.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.74-86
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• 1991

This study tried to clear the characteristics of height growth pattern depending on Peak Height Velocity age in early, average and late groups. And in it, height growth tendency of girl students in age 7 to 18 years old was compared and investigated in order to know influencing factors, menarcheal age relation. The samples were senior girl students at high school in Seoul. Longitudinal data and survey data were collected in August, 1990. The results could be summarized as follows: 1. On distance curve, the height growth line in early group tended to be the highest and in late group the lowest. On the other hand, on velocity curve late group showed the highest peak and early group showed the lowest peak. In late group, velocity curve was too steep. Of course, these early, average and late groups were classified by PHV age. 2. In these three groups, late group showed the most growth amount per year. However, on distance curve, early group showed higher line than late group. Perhaps this means that peak growth amount in late group might have an effect on mean. 3. Growth amount of adolescence spurt age in these three groups was 6.86cm at age 9(early group), 7.27cm at l1(average group) and 7.65cm at 13(late group). In early group, because. PHV age came too early, it was difficult to find exact adolescence spurt period. In early group, the adolescence spurt period is considered to come at about age 7 to 9. In average group, at 9 to 11 and at 12 to 13 in late group. Especially, spurt of late group was remarkable. 4. When the growth amount of PA, before PA and after PA was compared, growth amount of PA in all three groups was about 20%. In early group, growth amount of APV tended to be large and in late group, that of APV tended to be large and in late group, that of BPV was large. In average group, growth amount of BPV was larger than that of APV. 5. For the purpose of comparing total height growth amount of these groups at age 18, the height growth was assumed to be over. And then, the difference of three groups was studied but it's not significant. 6. Although the difference between height growth and family environment, dietary habits, exercise, disease history in these three groups was investigated, only the income was significant. The significance of all the other factors was not approved. 7. When menarcheal age was compared with PA, generally we know menarche appeared after 1∼2 years of PHV age. But in case of early group, the difference between PHV age and menarcheal age was 5.34 years. In average group, 2.45 years and 0.82 years in late group.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.657-664
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• 1997

The effects of adenosine, adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (DPCPX), or NMDA receptor antagonist (APV) on the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine$ ($[^3H]-5-HT$) during normoxic/normoglycemic or hypoxic/hypoglycemic period were studied in the rat hippocampal slices. The hippocampus was obtained from the rat brain and sliced $400\;{\mu}m$ thickness with the tissue slicer. After 30 min's preincubation in the normal buffer, the slices were incubated for 30 min in a buffer containing $[^3H]-5-HT$ ($0.1\;{\mu}M,\;74{\mu}Ci/8\;ml$) for uptake, and washed. To measure the release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ into the buffer, the incubation medium was drained off and refilled every ten minutes through sequence of 14 tubes. Induction of glucose/oxygen deprivation (GOD; medium depleting glucose and gassed with 95% $N_2/5%\;CO_2$) was done in 6th and 7th tube. The radioactivities in each buffer and the tissue were counted using liquid scintillation counter and the results were expressed as a percentage of the total radioactivities. When slices were exposed to GOD for 20 mins, the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ was markedly increased and this increase of $[^3H]-5-HT$ release was blocked by adenosine ($10\;{\mu}M$) or DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV; $30\;{\mu}M$). Adenosine $A_1$ receptor specific antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) exacerbate GOD-induced increase of spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$. These results suggest that Adenosine may play a role in the GOD-induced spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ through adenosine $A_1$ receptor activity.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2017

본 논문에서 한국형 위성보정 시스템(KASS :Korea Augmentation Satellite System)을 구성하고 있는 위성통신국(KUS : KASS Uplink Station)의 RF시스템 감시제어장치에 대한 설계를 기술하였다. 한국형 위성보정 시스템은 KASS라 명명되어 APV-1급 SoL 서비스 수준의 SBAS 시스템 개발과 CAT-1급 시험운영 기술 개발을 목표로 한다. 위성통신국 RF 시스템의 감시제어장치에 대해 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어 개발 환경, 감시제어장치의 기능 및 알고리즘, 감시제어장치의 구조 및 사용자 인터페이스를 설계하였다. 감시제어장치 설계에 있어 이미 개발 활용되고 있는 통신해양기상위성 및 무궁화위성 5A/7호 관제시스템의 감시제어장치 설계를 활용하여 시스템의 안정도 및 신뢰성을 확보하였다. 또한 실제 운영자의 요구에 의한 사용자 인터페이스를 보다 편리하게 제공할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2016

러시아는 자국 내 위성기반 보강시스템의 서비스 제공을 위하여 최근 정지궤도 위성을 통하여 SDCM 신호를 송출하기 시작하였다. SDCM용 정지궤도 위성인 LUCH-5A와 LUCH-5B의 영향권에 포함되어 있는 한반도에서도 현재 테스트 중인 PRN (pseudo random number) 140번 메시지가 수신되고 있어 국내 SDCM의 적용 및 그 성능 분석이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 수신된 SDCM 메시지를 남한 지역의 최북단에 위치한 국토지리정보원 철원 기준국에 적용하였고, 이를 통해 수평 0.8749 m, 수직 0.9589 m (RMS)으로 그 성능이 크게 향상됨을 확인하였다. 또한 GPS와 GLONASS를 동시에 보강하는 SDCM의 특성을 반영하여 분석한 결과, 다중 위성군의 SBAS가 GPS 단독 SBAS에 비해 보호수준은 약 30 % 감소시킴으로써, APV-I 가용성 증대에 기여함을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 다중 위성군의 SBAS가 국내 개발될 KASS 시스템의 성능 향상에 기여할 수 있음을 예측할 수 있다.