• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.435-443
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the mismatch between instructional design and teaching practice of pre-service science teachers and to investigate the cause of these mismatches. Twenty pre-service science teachers took part in teaching practicum for four weeks from Apr. 2015 to May 2015 and we analyzed their lesson plans and videos of these lessons. After that, we interviewed the pre-service science teachers in order to know the cause of these mismatches and additional informations. The main findings are as follows. First, in the introductory stage, we found more mismatch in the "attention and motivation stimulation" area than any other area. Many pre-service science teachers corrected their 'motivation practice' in different forms. Second, we found out that the most mismatch occurred in the evolving stage. Many pre-service science teachers added learning contents in "learning content presentation" area. Third, in the closing stage, many pre-service science teachers omitted the "leaning content summary" area in the lack of time. Fourth, the number of mismatches by internal factors is similar of by external factors. The mismatches by external factors were mainly by feedback of guidance teacher and change by students' response. In addition, we discussed the implications related to reflective mentoring program, importance of guidance teacher, importance of time management etc.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2013

It is necessary to consider the median lingual foramen carefully to prevent the bleeding due to the damage of the sublingual artery for implant surgery. This study is to evaluate the frequency, location, diameter and the number of the Mandibular median lingual foramen regarding gender and age in the CBCT. Sixty two images of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) whose visited the Chonnam National University Dental hospital from Sept. 2010 to Apr. 2011 were evaluated. Frequency, number, location and the diameter of Mandibular median lingual foramen shown in the CBCT image were evaluated. Sixty two patients (100%) had at least one median lingual foramen and fifty six patients (90.32%) had multiple foramens. Forty patients (66.13%) showed the median lingual foramen on the location between Mn. central incisors. The mean vertical position of the genial spine and the median lingual foramen was 24.21 mm and 14.52 mm, respectively. And the relative mean vertical dimension of median lingual foramen was 0.45. The mean diameter of the foramen was 0.93 mm. CBCT demonstrated the frequency, location, diameter and the number of median lingual foramen. It is necessary to take CBCT before implant placement to prevent the bleeding.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.53-64
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• 2013

Resistivity monitoring is based on the fact that a change in the porosity leads to the changes in water content and fine particles, which alter the electrical resistivity. At every embankment dam, internal erosion always occurs as time passes. The internal erosion generally develops into piping over a long time by backward erosion and concentrated leak, and finally leads to dam failure. Resistivity is known to be very sensitive to the changes in porosity in embankment dams. Thus resistivity monitoring is a reasonable method to find out the leakage zone. However, resistivity is strongly influenced by seasonal variation of temperature, TDS of reservoir water and water level. In this paper. we first installed electrodes permanently at the center of the crest. The electrical resistivity monitoring data was acquired every 6 hours from Apr. 3, 2011 to July. 31, 2012. To analyze the characteristics of monitoring data, each resistivity data was calculated from up to 2,950 data sets. The result indicated a seasonal resistivity variation due to related temperature. Finally, a quantitative method to estimate porosities of the embankment dam from the resistivity monitoring data was analyzed. The applicability and reliability were verified and the importance of electrical resistivity monitoring for obtaining reliable result was emphasized.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.385-391
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• 2010

This study reports the results of natural enemy application against four insect pests on greenhouse sweet pepper in winter cropping system. Orius laevigatus ($3.3/m^2$) was released at two different times (Nov. 2005 & Feb. 2006) to control Frankliniella occidentalis, western flower thrips (WFT). Throughout the cropping season, the lowest level recorded of WFT was less than 2.0 individuals per yellow sticky trap. Amblyseius swirskii ($232.3/m^2$) was released four times (Nov. 2007 ~ Aug. 2008) to control Bemisia tabaci, tobacco whitefly (TWF). Until July 2008, TWF population had been suppressed lower than 6.6/trap. Phytoseiulus persimilis ($44.5/m^2$) was released seven times (Apr. 2008 ~ Aug. 2008) to control Tetranychus kanzawai, tea red spider mite (TRSM). As a result, TRSM population was suppressed lower than 1.7/1eaf. To control aphids, Aphidius colemani ($9.5/m^2$) was released seven times (Oct. 2004 ~ Jan. 2005), with the transplantation of banker plants ($5.5pot/660m^2$). As a whole, aphid's population has been successfully reduced to less than 2.0/leaf.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2009

The nuclear power industry in the world has recognized the importance of integrating non-technical and team skills training with the technical training given to its control room operators to reduce human errors since the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl accidents. The Nuclear power plant (NPP) industry in Korea has been also making efforts to reduce the human errors which largely have contributed to 120 nuclear reactor trips from the year 2001 to 2006. The Crew Resource Management (CRM) training was one of the efforts to reduce the human errors in the nuclear power industry. The CRM was developed as a response to new insights into the causes of aircraft accidents which followed from the introduction of flight recorders and cockpit voice recorders into modern jet aircraft. The CRM first became widely used in the commercial airline industry, but military aviation, shipboard crews, medical and surgical teams, offshore oil crews, and other high-consequence, high-risk, time-critical industry teams soon followed. This study aims to develop a CRM training program that helps to improve plant performance by reducing the number of reactor trips caused by the operators' errors in Korean NPP. The program is; firstly, based on the work we conducted to develop a human factors training from the applications to the Nuclear Power Plant; secondly, based on a number of guidelines from the current practicable literature; thirdly, focused on team skills, such as leadership, situational awareness, teamwork, and communication, which have been widely known to be critical for improving the operational performance and reducing human errors in Korean NPPs; lastly, similar to the event-based training approach that many researchers have applied in other domains: aircraft, medical operations, railroads, and offshore oilrigs. We conducted an experiment to test effectiveness of the CRM training program in a condition of simulated control room also. We found that the program made the operators' attitudes and behaviors be improved positively from the experimental results. The more implications of the finding were discussed further in detail.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.268-280
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• 1991

The nursing intervention for the prevention of the pulmonary complication and of the function lowering of pulmonary ventilation which emerge with high generation frequency during the nursing of operation patient is necessary for performing the qualitative nursing for operation patient. So, this researcher tried this study so as to obtain the data which can be utilized for the trial of nursing intervention, by grasping the effect that the deep breathing with Incentive Spirometer has on the function of pulmonary ventilation, analysing the factor to have influence on the function of pulmonary ventilation, and applying the effective method of deep breathing to the clinic. By making 42 patients who underwent the operation of upper abdomen after admitting G Hospital in Seoul from Mar. 7, 1991 to Apr.30, 1991 as the object, they were classified into the experiment group that the deep breathing was made with the use of Incentive Spiromenter and the comparison group that the deep breathing exercise was made without the use of Incentive Spirometer. And then, by measuring Tidal Volume and Forced Vital Capacity with Respirometer and $O_2$ Saturation with Pulse Oximeter at preoperation postoperation 24 hours, 72 hours, and 120 hours data were collected. The collected data were analyzed with of, average, standard deviation, x$^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA by SPSS. The result of this study is as follows : 1. As for the hypothesis that the function of pulmonary ventilation at postoperation 24 hours, 72 hours and 120 hours will be better in the experiment group that the deep breathing was made with the use of Incentive Spirometer, in comparison with the comparison group that deep breathing was made without the use of Incentive Spirometer, experiment group and comparison group didn't show the significant difference in Tidal Volume, Foreced Vital Capacity and $O_2$ Saturation at postoperation 24 hours and 72 hours. But experiment group and comparison group showed the significant difference in Tidal Volume at postoperation 120 hours (p＜0.01). So, this hypothesis was supported partially. 2. The variables that there were the significant differences about the function of pulmonary ventilation in experiment group at postoperation 24 hours stastically were smoking existence (p＜0.05), and the variables that there were not significant differences about the function of pulmonary ventilation were distinction of sex, age, anesthetic duration, smoking extent, body weight, surface area of body, existence of narcotic use, regular exercise existence, and past experience existence of respiratory disease. As above result, it appeared that the method of deep breathing with the use of the Incentive Spirometer is more effective for the function recovery of pulmonary ventilation, in comparison with the deep breathing without use of Incentive Spirometer and that smoking existence was the factor to have influence on the function of pulmonary ventilation. In the aspect of clinic, the trial of nursing intervention of deep breathing with use of Incentive Spirometer is expected. And, in the aspect of study, the study through various operative site patients about the effect of Incentive Spirometer use at the clinic will have to be confirmed.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.256-266
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was to investigate the factors affecting the depression of the elderly women in poverty in community. Methods: The subjects were 1,208 elderly women over 65 years who were enrolled in the Public Health Care Center from Apr. 2008 to Jun. 2008. Data were collected using questionnaires including general characteristics, health related behaviors and health status by nurses at the time of enrollment. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The major findings of this study are as follows : The elderly women in poverty show a tendency to have lower level in income, education, self-rated health, cognitive function compared with ordinary women in old age. The predictors of depression of the elderly women in poverty were spouse's existence or nonexistence, type of insurance, cognitive function, and self-rated health. Conclusion: These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategies for decreasing depression in the elderly women in poverty. To decrease the depression of the elderly women, the above-mentioned major influencing factors should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2013

Water is the most important resource for the maximum water use efficiency and yield of maize. Water has to be applied moderately based on the water requirement of maize. Crop water requirement (WR) is a function of the potential evapo-transpiration (PET) and crop coefficient (Kc). PET can be estimated by the climate data measured at the weather station in the production region. Kc was measured by the NIAST (RDA) through lysimeter experiments. In this study, the growth stage of maize was divided into five ones (G-1: Apr. 25 ~ May 20, G-2: May 21 ~ Jun. 20, G-3: Jun. 21 ~ Jul. 20, G4: Jul. 11 ~ Jul. 25, G5: Jul. 26 ~ Aug. 20). The average PET during maize growing season of the 45 areas was 2.85 mm $day^{-1}$. The highest water requirement was at the G-3 stage among the maize growth stages. The mean water requirement (MWR) according to growth stage was 1.74 ~ 2.42 (average 2.02), 2.99 ~ 4.21 (average 3.41), 3.82 ~ 5.25 (average 4.41), 3.05 ~ 4.31 (average 3.48), and 2.62 ~ 3.49 (average 3.01) mm $day^{-1}$ in the G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 stage, respectively. The total water requirement (TWR) according to growth stage was 45.37 ~ 63.04 (average 52.56), 92.54 ~ 130.59 (average 105.77), 76.46 ~ 105.09 (average 88.14), 45.73 ~ 64.67 (average 52.20), and 68.25 ~ 90.75 (average 78.33) mm in the G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 stage, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.13.3-14
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• 1983

A clinical study was done on 24 cases with foreign body in the air passage, who were treated at the department of otolaryngology of Kyung Hee university hospital during the period from Apr. 1973 to Feb. 1983. The obtained results were as follows : 1) The incidence of sex was much higher in male than female and children under 4 years old were predominant. 2) Almost of all patients came in the hospital within 3 days after onset. However one patient came in hospital 5 months later. 3) The variety of foreign body was numerous, among which vegetables and plastic materials were most frequently found. 4) The most common sites of lodgement were trachea and right main bronchus. 5) The common clinical manifestations were dyspnea, decreasing breathing sound and cough. Negative X-ray findings did not exclude a foreign body in the air passage. 6) The important pulmonary complications due to foreign body were atelectasis, emphysema and pneumonia. 7) Foreign body was successfully removed by use of peroral or inferior endoscopy in all cases except one case, on whom thorachotomy was done. 8) The important complications due to the surgical procedure were decannulation difficulty and pneumothorax.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.845-851
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• 2009

A vector harboring double cassettes; a heterologous gene expression cassette of pHCE-InaN-antigen and a ghost formation cassette of pAPR-cI-E lysis 37 SDM was constructed and introduced to E. coli DH5a. For the production of a bacterial ghost vaccine, bacterial ghosts from E. coli / Streptococcus iniae with four different types of antigens - enolase, GAPDH, sagA and piaA - were produced by the optimization of fermentation parameters such as a glucose concentration of 1 g/l, agitation of 300 rpm and aeration of 1 vvm. Efficiency of ghost bacteria formation was evaluated with cultures of OD$_{600}$=1.0, 2.0 and 3.0. The efficiency of the ghost bacteria formation was 99.54, 99.67, 99.99 and 99.99% with inductions at OD$_{600}$=3.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 1.0 for E. coli/S. iniae antigens enolase, piaA, GAPDH and sagA, respectively. Ghost bacteria as a vaccine was harvested by centrifugation. The antigen protein expressions were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis, and the molecular weights of the enolase, piaA, GAPDH and sagA were 78, 26, 67 and 26 kDa, respectively. The molecular weights of the expressed antigens were consistent with theoretical sizes obtained from the amino acid sequences.