• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2009

Naringenin은 flavonoid구조의 감귤류 과피에 다량 함유되어 있으며 항암 및 항산화 등의 다양한 생리활성을 가지는 것으로 보고되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 HT-1080 섬유육종세포의 전이에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 먼저 Naringenin이 암세포의 이동에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 migrationassay를 한 결과, Naringenin이 암세포의 이동을 농도 의존적으로 억제시켰다. 암의 전이에 있어서 매우 중요한 역할을 하는 단백질분해효소인 matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)의 활성도를 측정하기 위해 gelatin zymography를 한 결과, Naringenin이 PMA에 의해 증가된 MMP-9의 효소 활성도를 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰다. 또한 MMP-9와 TIMP-1의 유전자 발현에 대한 Naringenin의 영향을 RT-PCR방법으로 조사한 결과, Naringenin이 PMA에 의해 증가된 MMP-9의 mRNA발현을 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰으나 TIMP-1의 mRNA발현에는 변화가 없었다. MMP-9발현 감소에 관여하는 전사조절인자를 확인하기 위해 promoterassay를 한 결과, Naringenin이 PMA에 의해 증가된 MMP-9 및 NF-$\kappa$B, AP-1의 Promoter활성을 농도 의존적으로 감소시 켰다. 또한 MMP-9의 전자조절인자인 NF-$\kappa$B와 AP-1의 결합 활성도를 electrophoretic mobility shift assay로 확인한 결과 Naringenin이 PMA에 의해 증가된 NF-$\kappa$B와 AP-1의 결합 활성도를 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰다. 결론적으로 Naringenin이 전사조절인자인 NF-$\kappa$B와 AP-1의 활성을 억제함으로써 MMP-9의 유전자 발현 및 효소 활성을 억제하고 그 결과 암세포의 이동과 침윤을 억제하는 것을 알 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2016

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in the world and by far the most frequent cancer among women, with an estimated 1.67 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2012 (25% of all cancers). Polygene expression analysis is used to predict the prognosis and determine the most appropriate treatment regimen. The objective of this study was to examine the gene expression profiles of SIRT3, HRAS, LSP1, SCUBE2 and AP2A2 in Iranian women with BC.A total of 136 patients including healthy controls were categorized into three groups based on the relapse of the disease. Expression of desired genes in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues collected from all groups of participants was analyzed via the RT PCR method. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed then real-time quantitative PCR was carried out. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of SIRT3 was equal among patient and control groups. LSP1 was down regulated in all patient groups relative to controls but reduced expression in the metastatic group relative to the non-metastatic one was not significant. HRAS was significantly overexpressed in total and metastatic tumor samples versus normal but not in non-metastatic cases. SCUBE2 expression showed significant over-expression in both overall tumor samples and the non-metastatic group as compared to normal tissues. Gene expression level of AP2A2 in all groups was not detectable. Our data are compatible with a tumor suppressor role of LSP1 related to potential prognostic factor for tumor recurrence and outcome. This study for the first time assayed the prognostic value and changes in the expression of SIRT3, LSP1, HRAS, SCUBE2 and AP2A2 genes in women with breast cancer in the Iranian population and findings confirmed potential biomarker and prognostic capability of these genes. Such expression profiling data can critically improve prognosis and treatment decisions in cancer patients.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2004

인삼(Panax ginseng C. A Meyer)의 뿌리는 전통적인 항-노화 및 항-주름제로 동양에서 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 인삼의 어떤 성분이 주름 형성을 억제하는데 효과적인지는 아직 밝혀지지 않았다. 최근 인삼의 주요 활성 성분으로 생각되는 ginsenosides가 20가지 이상 분리되었다. 이들 중 본 연구원들은 인삼에 의한 항-주름의 작용기작을 밝히기 위해 세포간질(extracellular matrix, ECM) 물질대사에 있어 ginsenoside Rg3의 진피에서의 효과를 시험하였다. 본 연구에서, ginsenoside Rg3의 항-주름 효과를 연구하기 위해 진피의 세포간질 구성 성분과 성장 인자를 ELISA (enzyme-1in14ed immunosorbent assay) 측정법으로 평가하였다. Ginsenoside Rg3은 human dermal fibroblasts 배양에서 type I procollagen과 fibronectin(FN) 생합성을 농도 증가에 비례하여 촉진시키고(p < 0.05, n=3), 농도에 비례하여 TGF-$\beta$1 수준을 증가 (p < 0.05, n=3) 시키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. RT-PCR 분석에서 AP-1 전사 인자(transcription factor)의 일부인 c-Jun의 mRNA 수준이 human dermal fibroblasts에서 ginsenoside Rg3에 의해 감소되었다. 이들 결과들은 ginsenoside Rg3이 fibroblasts에서 TGF-$\beta$1과 AP-1의 발현을 변화시킴으로써 type I collagen과 FN합성을 촉진시킴을 보여준다.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제8권1_2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

Hox genes are pivotal in the control of morphogenesis along the anterior-posterior (AP) axis in various bilaterians. Several indications suggest their involvement in the control of cell growth and regeneration. For the labial full-length fragment, RACE-PCR was employed to obtain the 3' and 5' franking regions. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the labial expression began to increase at 12 hours after amputation. The peak expression was approximately 1.5-fold more than the unamputated controls. This result could give us information on the significance of Hox genes and the relationships between Hox genes during regeneration.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2000

Sixty-eight clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from inpatients of 2 university hospitals in Taegu were epidemiologically analyzed by using the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 antimicrobial drugs, biochemical reaction, pulsed-field gel elctropgoresis (PFGE), and PCR with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as primer (ERIC-PCR). 1. All the strains were susceptible to minocycline. More than 57% were susceptible to sulfisomidine (Su), ciprofloxacin (Ci), Ofloploxacin (Of), nalidixic acid (Na), and chloramphenicol (Cm), and $19{\sim}35%$ to ceftazidime (Cd), trimethoprim (Tp), Ticacillin-clavulanic acid, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Most isolates were resistant to ${\beta}$-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (Ap), carbenicillin (Cb), cefotaxim (Ct), cefoxitin (Cx), and aminoglycosides including gentamicin (Gm), tobramycin (Tb), amikacin (Ak). 2. All the isolates were multiply resistant of 5 to 17 drugs and showed 40 different resistance pattern types. 3. All the strains showed very similar biochemical reactions except ${\beta}$-galactosidase and nitrate reduction test. Fourteen strains selected randomly were classified 10 different pattern type by PFGE and ERIC-PCR. These two methods showed identical result. Four strains isolated from wound in 1994 showed similar MIC pattern and identical API 20NE profile, PFGE, and ERIC-PCR pattern indicating episodes of cross-infection among patients. These results indicate that PFGE or ERIC-PCR profile has comparable discriminatory power for epidemiological typing of S. maltophilia.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2010

Sulforaphane은 십자가화 채소에 존재하는 화합물로 항염증, 항암 및 신생혈관 생성의 억제 효과가 알려짐으로써 최근 많은 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있으나, LPS에 의한 MMP-9 활성 조절에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡한 편이다. 따라서 본 연구에서 sulforaphane이 LPS 유도에 의한 MMP-9 활성에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사해 보았다. Raw 264.7 세포에 sulforaphane을 전처리 한 후 LPS를 처리하여 gelatin zymography를 실시해 본 결과, LPS에 의해 유도된 MMP-9 활성 증가가 sulforaphane 농도 의존적으로 감소됨을 확인 하였다. 또한 RT-PCR과 MMP-9의 luciferase assay를 통한 실험에서 sulforaphane의 MMP-9 억제효과가 전사단계에서 조절됨을 추측 할 수 있었다. MMP-9 promoter 부위에 여러 가지의 전사조절인자 결합부위가 존재한다. 특히 AP-1과 NF-${\kappa}B$가 중요 전사조절인자로 작용하여 MMP-9 발현조절에 관여한다. 본 실험에서 sulforaphane에 의한 MMP-9 억제효과 기전에 이들 전사조절인자들의 중요한 역할을 조사하였다. AP-1과 NF-${\kappa}B$ 결합부위를 변형 시킨 vector를 transfection하여 MMP-9의 promoter 활성을 측정한 결과, 정상 vector에 비해 그 활성도가 현저히 떨어짐을 확인하였고, LPS에 의해 증가되는 AP-1과 NF-${\kappa}B$의 basal promoter 활성 또한 sulforaphane에 의해 감소됨을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 sulforaphane의 MMP-9 활성억제효과는 AP-1과 NF-${\kappa}B$와 같은 전사인자들이 MMP-9의 전사를 조절함으로써 일어나는 것임을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 sulforaphane은 세포의 invasion능력 또한 효과적으로 억제시킴을 관찰 할 수 있었는데 이는 MMP-9 활성억제효과와 밀접한 관련이 있음을 추측 할 수 있었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2019

Objectives : Dictamni Radicis Cortex (DRC) has been used as an important traditional medicine for inflammation and fungal diseases. However, the protective effect of DRC water extract on acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been deeply reported. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the protective effects of DRC water extract on cerulein-induced AP. Methods : AP was induced via intraperitoneal injection of supramaximal concentrations of stable cholecystokinin analogue cerulein ($50{\mu}g/kg$) every hour for 6 times. DRC water extract (0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 g/kg) or saline was administrated intraperitoneally 1 h before to the first injection of cerulein. The mice were sacrificed at 6 h after the final cerulein injection. Pancreas was rapidly removed for histochemical examination and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to examine mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and Tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$. Results : Administration of DRC water extract significantly inhibited the pancreatic weight to body weight ratio, pancreas histological damages and increase of pancreatic MPO activity during cerulein-induced AP. In addition, increased pancreatic mRNA levels of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 but not $TNF-{\alpha}$ were significantly inhibited by treatment of DRC water extract against cerulein-induced AP. Conclusions : In conclusion, we have revealed that pre-treatment of DRC water extract reduces the severity of cerulein-induced AP. Accordingly, our results could give a clinical basis that DRC could be used as a drug or agent to prevent AP.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

Poly($\gamma$-glutamic acid) 및 levan의 생성균주로 알려진 Bacillus subtilis BS 62의 $\gamma$-GTP(ggt) 유전자를 해석하기 위하여 PCR 반응에 의해 BS 62의 염색체 DNA로부터 약 2.5 kb의 $\gamma$-GTP(ggt) 유전자 분획을 얻어 그 PCR 산물의 염기서열을 분석하여 기왕에 보고된 기타의 ggt 유전자와 비교 분석한 결과, B. subtilis $\gamma$-GTP 유전자(BSU49358)와 98%의 높은 상동성을 보였으며, Pseudomonas sp. A14(S63255)와는 37%, 방선균인 Streptomyces avermitils(AP005028)의 게놈 DNA와는 38%의 상동성을 나타냈다. BS 62의 $\gamma$-GTP 유전자의 open reading frame은 587개의 amino acid로 구성된 polypeptide의 것으로 해석되었으며, N-terminal의 28개 아미노산은 B. subtilis 펩타이드의 전형적인 형태를 보였고, 전형적인 리보솜의 부착부위는 개시코돈 ATG의 위쪽 7번에서 12번 염기(AGGAGG)에 위치하였고, 그리고 종지코돈 다음에서는 stem-loop 구조, ORF의 위쪽 약 50 bp 지점에서는 catabolite-responsive element가 발견되었다. 또한 B. subtilis 효소의 촉매자리로 추정되는 467번 잔기는 threonine으로서, 다른 박테리아의 serine, 포유동물의 cysteine과는 구별되는 것이었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.388-392
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• 2014

Berberine, a type of isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs, has been reported to have various pharmacological activities. Studies have demonstrated that berberine has beneficial effects on vascular remodeling and alleviates restenosis after vascular injury. However, its mechanism of action on vascular smooth muscle cell migration is not fully understood. We therefore investigated the effect of berberine on human aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) migration. Boyden chamber assay was performed to show that berberine inhibited HASMC migration dose-dependently. Real-time PCR and Western blotting analyses showed that levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) were reduced by berberine at both the mRNA and protein levels. Western blotting assay further confirmed that activities of c-Fos, c-Jun, and NF-${\kappa}B$ were significantly attenuated. These results suggest that berberine effectively inhibited HASMC migration, possibly by down-regulating MMP-2, MMP-9, and u-PA; and interrupting AP-1 and NF-${\kappa}B$ mediated signaling pathways.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.77.2-78
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• 2003

An EREBP/AP2-type transcription factor (CaPFl) was isolated by DDRT-PCR following inoculation of soybean pustule pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Bra which induces HR on pepper leaves. Genomic Southern blot analysis revealed that the CaPFl gene is present as a single copy within the hot pepper genome. The deduced amino acid sequence of CaPFl has two potential nuclear localization signals, a possible acidic activation domain, and an EREBP/AP2 motif that could bind to a conserved cis- element present in promoter region of many stress-induced genes. The mRNA level of CaPFl was induced by both biotic and abiotic stresses. We observed higher-level transcripts in resistance-induced pepper tissues than diseased tissues. Expression of CaPFl is also induced upon various abiotic stresses including ethephon, MeJA, cold stress, drought stress and salt stress treatments. To study the role of CPFI in plant, transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants which express higher level of pepper CaPFl were generated. Global gene expression analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis by cDNA microarray indicated that expression of CaPFl in transgenic plants affect the expression of quite a few GCC box and DRE/CRT box-containing genes. Furthermore, the transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plant, expressing CaPFl showed tolerance against freezing temperature and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syrnigae pv. tabaci. Taken together, these results indicated that CaPFl is a novel EREBP/AP2 transcription factor in hot pepper plant and it may has a significant role(s) in regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plant.