• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

This study has performed a comparative analysis between groups based on Time To First Fixation, Fixation Duration, Fixation Count and Total Visit Duration, which are eye-tracking analysis indicators on what visual attention is shown compared to the e-magazine produced as regular images related to e-magazines in which experiment subjects have applied cinemagraph images as eye tracking research on the e-magazine produced with cinemagraph images and e-magazines produced with regular images. The experiment sample used e-magazines composed of nine pages while AOI (area of interest) has been set up on each page by classifying image and text regions. A combined 30 people took part in the experiment, which was performed by randomly assigning 15 to the experiment group and 15 to the control group. According to the results of the analysis, the experiment group recorded a shorter time than the control group on the e-magazine produced with cinemagraph images through Time To First Fixation. Though no significant difference was found between the experiment and control groups in Fixation Duration, a substantial difference did appear between Fixation Duration and Total Visit Duration.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2022

This study performed precision instrument landing procedures for pilots with a commercial pilot license using VR HMD flight simulators, and assuming that the center of the pilot's gaze is in the front, 3-D.O.F. head tracking data and 2-D eye tracking of VR HMD worn by pilots gaze tracking was performed through. After that, AOI (Area of Interesting) was set for the instrument panel and external field of view of the cockpit to analyze how the pilot's gaze was distributed before and after the decision altitude. At the same time, the landing results were analyzed using the Localizer and G/S data as the pilot's precision instrument landing flight data. As a result, the pilot was quantitatively evaluated by reflecting the gaze tracking and the resulting landing result using a VR HMD simulator.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

[Purpose] We determined the effect of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) after an exercise session on exercise performance on the following morning. [Methods] Eleven male athletes performed either a normal sleep trial (CON) or a PSD trial. On the first day (day 1), all subjects performed an exercise session consisting of 90 min of running (at 75% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$) followed by 100 drop jumps. Maximal strength (MVC) was evaluated before and after exercise. In the CON trial, the sleep duration was 23:00-7:00, while in the PSD trial, the sleep duration was shortened to 40% of the regular sleep duration. On the following morning (day 2), MVC, the metabolic responses during 20 min of running (at 75% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$), and time to exhaustion (TTE) at 85% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$ were evaluated. [Results] On day 2, neither the MVC nor ${\dot{V}}O_2$ during 20 min of running differed significantly between the two trials. However, the respiratory exchange ratio was significantly lower in the PSD trial than in the CON trial (p = 0.01). Moreover, the TTE was significantly shorter in the PSD trial than in the CON trial (p = 0.01). [Conclusion] A single night of PSD after an exercise session significantly decreased endurance performance without significantly changing muscle strength or cardiopulmonary response.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.409-414
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• 2021

본 연구는 소셜로봇 디자인 연구의 흐름 중 하나인 로봇의 외형에 관하여 시선 추적을 활용하고자 한다. 소셜로봇의 몸 전체, 얼굴, 눈, 입술 등의 관심 영역으로부터 측정된 사용자의 시선 추적 지표와 디자인평가 설문을 통하여 파악된 사용자의 태도를 연결하여 소셜로봇의 디자인에 연구 모형을 구성하였다. 구체적으로 로봇에 대한 사용자의 태도를 형성하는 메커니즘을 발견하여 로봇 디자인 시 참고할 수 있는 구체적인 인사이트를 발굴하고자 하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서 사용된 시선 추적 지표는 고정된 시간(Fixation), 첫 응시 시간(First Visit), 전체 머문 시간(Total Viewed), 그리고 재방문 횟수(Revisits)이며, 관심 영역인 AOI(Areas of Interests)는 소셜로봇의 얼굴, 눈, 입술, 그리고 몸체로 설계하였다. 그리고 디자인평가 설문을 통하여 소셜로봇의 감정 표현, 인간다움, 얼굴 두각성 등의 소비자 신념을 수집하였고, 종속변수로 로봇에 대한 태도로 설정하였다.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.13-17
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• 2023

Magnetic separation technology for small paramagnetic particles has been desired for the volume reduction of contaminated soil from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident and for the separation of scale and crud from nuclear power plants. However, the magnetic separation for paramagnetic particles requires a superconducting high gradient magnetic separation system applied, hence expanding the bore diameter of the magnets is necessary for mass processing and the initial and running costs would be enormous. The use of high magnetic fields makes safe onsite operation difficult, and there is an industrial need to increase the magnetic separation efficiency for paramagnetic particles in as low a magnetic field as possible. Therefore, we have been developing a magnetic separation system combined with a selection tube, which can separate small paramagnetic particles in a low magnetic field. In the previous technique we developed, a certain range of particle size was classified, and the classified particles were captured by magnetic separation. In this new approach, the fluid control method has been improved in order to the selectively classify particles of various diameters by using a multi-stage selection tube. The soil classification using a multi-stage selection tube was studied by calculation and experiment, and good results were obtained. In this paper, we report the effectiveness of the multi-stage selection tube was examined.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5471-5478
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new short-circuit detecting method which can detect bad short-circuits, one of bad types occurring in PCB(Printed Circuit Board), by using SURF(Speeded-Up Robust Features) algorithm. The basic procedure in the proposed method sequentially consists of extracting features from both sample and inputted images by SURF, performing perspective transform by feature matching and matching results, extracting check areas of interest, binary coding and extracting short-circuits, and verifying results. The proposed method focuses on the robustness which can detect bad short-circuits even though the position and angle of PCB are not uniform and arbitrarily placed. Experimental results show that our method enables to detect bad short-circuits regardless of the location and angle of PCB placed variously and validate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods detecting bad short-circuits manually on the aspect of both the detection rate and time.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2016

Street is the most fundamental component of city and place to promote diverse actions of people. Pedestrians gaze at various street environments. A visual gaze means that there are interesting elements and these elements need to be preferentially improved in the street environment improvement project. Therefore, this study aims to set up the priorities of street environment components by analyzing eye movements from a pedestrian perspective. In this study, street environment components were classified into road, street facility, building(facade) and sky and as street environment images, three "Streets of Youth" situated in Gwangbok-ro, Seomyeon and Busan University of Busan were selected. The experiment targeted 30 males and females in their twenties to forties. After setting the angle of sight through a calibration test, an eye-tracking experiment regarding the three images was conducted. Lastly, the subjects were asked to fill in questionnaires. The following three conclusions were obtained from the results of the eye-tracking experiment and the survey. First, building was the top priority of street environment components and it was followed by street facility, road and sky. Second, as components to be regarded as important, fast 'Sequence', many 'Fixation Counts' and 'Visit Counts', short 'Time to First Fixation' and long 'Fixation Duration' and 'Visit Duration' were preferred. Third, after voluntary eye movements, the subjects recognized the objects with the highest gaze frequency and the lowest gaze frequency.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2016

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been investigated as a novel diagnostic imaging tool. The utilisation of this equipment has been evaluated through several studies in the field of dentistry. The aim of this preliminary study was to determine through basic experiments the effectiveness of OCT in implant dentistry. Materials and Methods: To assess detection ability, we captured OCT images of implants in each of the following situations: (1) implants covered with mucosae of various thicknesses that were harvested from the mandibles of pigs; (2) implants installed in the mandibles of pigs; and (3) implants with abutments and crowns fixed with temporary cement. The OCT images were captured before cementation, after cementation, and after removing the excess submucosal cement. Results: If the thickness of the mucosa covering the implant body was less than 1 mm, the images of the implants were clearly detected by OCT. In the implants were installed in pigs' mandibles, it was difficult to capture clear images of the implant and alveolar bone in most of the samples. Remnants of excess cement around the implants were visible in most samples that had a mucosa thickness of less than 3 mm. Conclusion: Currently, OCT imaging of implants is limited. Cement remnants at the submucosal area can be detected in some cases, which can be helpful in preventing peri-implant diseases. Still, though there are some restrictions to its application, OCT could have potential as an effective diagnostic instrument in the field of implant dentistry as well.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1306-1313
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• 1999

본 연구는 인터넷 기반 공유가상공간에서 시스템의 확장성을 유지하기 위하여 이동객체를 대상으로 하는 이벤트 필터링 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 다중격자 모델 기법은 이동객체의 경로 상에서 대표적인 이벤트를 샘플링하는 방식을 사용한다. 이 방식은 메시지 트래픽의 양을 동적으로 조절하기 위하여 이동객체 간의 관심정도 정보를 수치적으로 변환하여 이벤트 갱신빈도에 반영한다. 대량의 이동객체를 생성하여 제안된 기법을 적용한 성능평가 실험에서 기존의 방식에 비하여 평균 메시지 전송량이 50%이상 감소하는 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. 다중격자 모델은 참여자의 수와 메시지 트래픽 상황에 따라 가상환경의 공유 QoS를 동적으로 조절할 수 있으며, 인터넷 상에서 다수 사용자를 위한 3차원 가상사회 구축 및 온라인 네트워크 게임 개발 등에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.Abstract This paper proposes an event filtering technique that can dynamically control a large amount of event messages produced by moving objects like avatars or autonomous objects in a distributed virtual environment. The proposed multi-level grid model technique uses the method that extracts the representative events from the paths of moving objects. For dynamic control of message traffics, this technique digitizes the DOIs of the avatars and reflects the interest information controlling the frequency of message transmission. For the performance evaluation, a large number of moving objects were created and the model was applied to these avatar groups. In the experiments, more than 50% of messages have been reduced in comparison with the existing AOI-based filtering techniques. The proposed technique can dynamically control the QoS in proportion to the number of users and the amount of messages where a large number of users share a virtual space. This model can be applied to the development of 3D collaborative virtual societies and multi-user online games in the Internet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.102-110
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• 2019

Among the visual sensibility studies, many studies of color or movement have been done, but not much have been done about whether it can evoke sensibility in static form itself. Therefore, in this study, visual attention by AOIs(Area of Interests) combined with color based on three basic forms was analyzed using eye tracking, and the results were visually expressed through Heat Map and Gaze Plot. In addition, A Paired t-test was performed on the mean difference between the two groups to verify the statistical significance of each color and form. As a result of the experiment, the chromatic color form was more visual attention than the achromatic color form and warm color form was higher mean than cool color, so the visual attention was greater. In this study, it is meaningful to suggest a quantitative method which is easy to interpret objectively the design element that is easily interpreted subjectively. Based on the results of this study, if more further studies and quantitative analysis methods are presented that can identify differences in visual attention from various colors and forms, it can be used to provide guidelines for basic design.