• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.4443-4462
• /
• 2020

This paper proposes a new framework of reversible data hiding scheme for absolute moment truncation coding (AMBTC) compressed images. AMBTC-based RDH can be applied to optical remote sensing (ORS) image transmission, which achieves target region preservation and image compression simultaneously. Existing methods can be concluded as two types. In type I schemes, stego codes mimic the original AMBTC format where no file bloat occurs, yet the carried secret data is limited. Type II schemes utilize predication errors to recode quantity levels of AMBTC codes which achieves significant increase in embedding capacity. However, such recoding causes bloat inside stego format, which is not appropriate in mentioned ORS transmission. The proposed method is a novel type I RDH method which prevents bloat inside AMBTC stego codes with significant improvement in embedding capacity. The AMBTC compressed trios are grouped into two categories according to a given threshold. In smooth trio, the modified low quantity level is constructed by concatenating Huffman codes and secret bits. The reversible contrast mapping (RCM) is performed to complex trios for data embedment. Experiments show that the proposed scheme provides highest payload compared with existing type I methods. Meanwhile, no expansion inside stego codes is caused.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.849-855
• /
• 1987

This paper describes an implementation of the absolute moment block truncation coding(AMBTC) in real time for the moving picture data compression. We have realized a system composed of the encoder and decoder, and operated it using an NTSC TV signal. The encoder consists of a 4-1line buffer memory and a data processing block. Besides, there are signal conditioner and a control signal generator. Experimental results show that the quality of the processed image with a data rate of 10Mb/s is slightly degraded, but not objectionable, comparing data rate of 80Mb/s.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2015

Block Truncation Coding, or BTC, is a type of lossy image compression technique for grayscale images. It divides the original images into blocks and then reduces the number of grey levels in each block to compute the mean and standard deviation. BTC has also been adapted to video compression. Another variation of BTC is Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding. AMBTC is computationally simpler than BTC. In this paper, we proposed new image compression method based on BTC, which is applied patterns to improve compression rate and image quality. This method make two codebooks to extract 36 and 64 patterns from the highest frequency patterns in BTC. When you are compressing an image, you compare many block patterns to that of codebook and use to compress indexes of identical patterns. We experiment our proposed scheme with 36 patterns and the experimental results showed the compression rate of 1.37 bpp. In this paper, our proposed scheme showed higher compression rate rather than that of BTC. In experiment, we used standard images for the performance evaluation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.12
• /
• pp.4588-4603
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we present a high-quality image authentication scheme based on absolute moment block truncation coding. In the proposed scheme, we use the parity of the bitmap (BM) to generate the authentication code for each compressed image block. Data hiding is used to authenticate whether the content has been altered or not. For image authentication, we embed the authentication code to quantization levels of each image block compressed by absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) which will be altered when the host image is manipulated. The embedding position is generated by a pseudo-random number generator for security concerned. Besides, to improve the detection ability we use a hierarchical structure to ensure the accuracy of tamper localization. A watermarked image can be precisely inspected whether it has been tampered intentionally or incautiously by checking the extracted watermark. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme achieved high-quality embedded images and good detection accuracy, with stable performance and high expansibility. Performance comparisons with other block-based data hiding schemes are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2010

In this paper, It propose methods compressing BTC image utilizing data hiding technique. BTC is used to compress general digital image into binary image and applied into application such as printer. Additional information, transferred with binary image, is as big as the size of binary image. Therefore, we wish to reduce the total transmission bandwidth by decreasing the additional information with sustaining the small image degradation. Because typical BTC image doesn't have enough space for data hiding, we adopt Adaptive AMBTC (Absolute Moment BTC) algorithm to produce the binary image, and calculate virtual histogram from created binary image and modify this histogram for reducing the additional information. The proposed algorithm can reduce about 6-11 % of the image file size, compared with the existing BTC algorithm, without making perceptible image degradation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 1988

This paper proposes a hybrid image coding in order to improve the coding performance by combining the BTC with the DPCM. And utilizing the human perceptual characteristics, a new objective image quality evaluation method has been proposed to obtain an excellent result in good agreement with the subjective quality evaluation. A hyb-1 method consisting of the DPCM and the AMBTC has retained a good picture quality at the bit rate of 1.5 bits/pel. A hyb-3 method combining the EBTC-3 with the DPCM has scarcely degraded the picture quality compared with the original image at the bit rate of 2.1 bits/pel. A newly proposed mehtod of picture quality evaluation accumulating a blocky noise at the edge block and an impulsive noise at the flat block selectively has been coincident with the subjective evaluation of quality.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.2554-2575
• /
• 2020

Data hiding technology hides secret information into the carrier, so that when the carrier is transmitted over network, it will not attract any malicious attention. Using data compression, it is possible to reduce the data size into a small compressed code, which can effectively reduce the time when transmitting compressed code on the network. In this paper, the main objective is to effectively combine these two technologies. We designed a data hiding scheme based on two techniques which are turtle-shell information hiding scheme and absolute moment block truncation coding. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme provided higher embedding capacity and better image quality than other hiding schemes which were based on absolute moment block truncation coding.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2011

In this paper, I propose flexible base point used for a BTC(Block Truncation Coding). Halftoning images are used for printer by reducing the number of pixel depth. During over 20 years, many researches have been studied to apply this techniques to image compression. BTC algorithms are the compression methods using digital halftoning technique about images. In the BTC algorithm, an image block is divided into higher and lower domain compared with the mean of block. then the MAX and MIN representative values are evaluated by calculating the mean of higher and lower domain respectively. At a result, an image block(for example 88 size) is compressed into 64bits pixel representation and 16 bits of the MAX and MIN. And they also have been tried to sustain the image quality high after compression. In this paper, I found that there is some marginal possibility to enhance the image quality by adjusting the base point(generally mean of block) of existing algorithms.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.3298-3321
• /
• 2021

A lot of data hiding schemes have been proposed to embed secret data in the plain cover images or compressed images of various formats, including JPEG, AMBTC, VQ, etc. In this paper, we propose a production process of mosaic images based on three regular images of coffee beans. A primary image is first mimicked by the process to produce a mosaic cover image. A two-layer steganography is applied to hide secret data in the mosaic image. Based on the low visual quality of the mosaic cover image, its PSNR value can be improved about 1.5 dB after embedding 3 bpp. This is achieved by leveraging the newly proposed polarized search mask and the concepts of strong embedding and weak embedding. Applying steganography to the mosaic cover images is a completely new idea and it is promising.