• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 1985

The purpose of our survey study was to investigate the status on perception and actual state toward science educational evaluation and objectives of middle school science teachers in Pusan. The perception and actual state were surveyed by the questionaire which was developed by Jong-Ok Woo et. al. We developed two kinds of questionaire. One is designed to use Likert type scale and is composed of two main category(SE; Science educational evaluation, SO; Science educational objectives) which contains 21 question items, and the other has 16 question items From 313 science teacger's responses of 75 middle schools in pusan, the tendency. of total(SE+SO) and each sub category, and the contrast with their background and actual state were analized by SPSS program of KAIST. Some results of our survey study can be summarized as follows; 1. Total tendency of science educational evaluation(SE) and objectives(SO) of middle school science teachers in pusan shows a positive and right tendency of conception in general(m-85.8/100). 2. Tendency of SE(m-87.8/100) are slightly higher than SO(m-81.7/100). At the level of 5% significance, there are correlated but shows low correlation (r=0.12(4). 3. In each correlation toward total tendency(SE+SO), SE is highly correlated(r-0.8486) but SO is moderately correlated(r=0.6297) at the level of 0.1% significance. 4. Tendencies of 5sub category (PE, PC, PD, PO, PB) shows considerably right tendencies (m=$73.4/100{\sim}92.7/100$), there are moderately correlated foward total tendency(SE+SO) at the level of 0.1% significance (r=$0.49{\sim}0.60$). 5. At the level of 5%significance, total means are no differences which their background(Sex, Final alma mate, Major, Difference of training), but there is differences to teaching career at the level of 5% significance.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2020

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with activated sludge system are widely used throughout the most common technologies in the world. Most treatment plants require optimization of certain treatment processes using dynamic modeling. A lot of examples of dynamic simulations require reliable data base of diurnal variation of the inflow and typical concentrations of parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), etc. Such detailed data are not available, which leads to problemsin the application of dynamic simulations. In many examples of plants, continuous flow measurements are only performed after the primary clarifier, whereas measurements from influent to the plant are missing, as is the case with the examples in this paper. In some cases, a simpler, faster and cheaper way can be applied to determine influent variations, such as the "HSG-Sim" method ("Hochschulgruppe Simulation"). "Hochschulgruppe Simulation" is a group of researchers from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Netherlands and Poland (see http://www.hsgsim.org). This paper presents a model for generating daily variations of inflow and concentration of municipal wastewater quality parameters, applied to several existing WWTPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The main goal of the applied method is to generate realistic influent data of the existing plants in B&H, in terms of flow and quality, without any prior comprehensive survey and measurements at the site. The examples of plants show the influence of overflow facilities on the dynamics of input flow and quality of wastewater, and a strong influence of the problems of the sewerage systems.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.119-120
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• 2015

We report results of the measurement of the trigonometric parallax of an $H_2O$ maser source in IRAS 22555+6213 with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). The annual parallax was determined to be $0.278{\pm}0.019$ mas, corresponding to a distance of $3.66^{+0.30}_{-0.26}kpc$. Our results confirm that IRAS 22555+6213 is located in the Perseus arm. We computed the peculiar motion of IRAS 22555+6213 to be ($U_{src}$, $V_{src}$, $W_{src}$) = ($0{\pm}1$, $-32{\pm}1$, $9{\pm}1$) $km\;s^{-1}$, where $U_{src}$, $V_{src}$, and $W_{src}$ are directed toward the Galactic center, in the direction of Galactic rotation and toward the Galactic north pole, respectively. IRAS 22555+6213, NGC7538 and Cepheus A lie along the same line of sight, and are within $2^{\circ}$ on the sky. Their parallax distances, with which we derived their absolute position in the Milky Way, show that IRAS 22555+6213 and NGC7538 are associated with the Perseus arm, while Cepheus A is located in the Local arm. We compared the kinematic distances of IRAS 22555+6213 derived with flat and non-flat rotation curve with its parallax distance and found the kinematic distance derived from the non-flat rotation assumption ($-32km\;s^{-1}$ lag) to be consistent with the parallax distance.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2015

The Galactic center uniquely provides opportunities to resolve how star clusters form in neutral gas overdensities engulfed in a large-scale accretion flow. We have performed sensitive Green Bank 100m Telescope (GBT), Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA), and Submillimeter Array (SMA) mapping observations of molecular gas and thermal dust emission surrounding the Galaxy's supermassive black hole (SMBH) Sgr $A^{\ast}$. We resolved several molecular gas streams orbiting the center on ${\gtrsim}10$ pc scales. Some of these gas streams appear connected to the well-known 2-4 pc scale molecular circumnuclear disk (CND). The CND may be the tidally trapped inner part of the large-scale accretion flow, which incorporates inflow via exterior gas filaments/arms, and ultimately feeds gas toward Sgr $A^{\ast}$. Our high resolution GBT+JVLA $NH_3$ images and SMA+JCMT 0.86 mm dust continuum image consistently reveal abundant dense molecular clumps in this region. These gas clumps are characterized by ${\gtrsim}100$ times higher virial masses than the derived molecular gas masses based on 0.86 mm dust continuum emission. In addition, Class I $CH_3OH$ masers and some $H_2O$ masers are observed to be well associated with the dense clumps. We propose that the resolved gas clumps may be pressurized gas reservoirs for feeding the formation of 1-10 solar-mass stars. These sources may be the most promising candidates for ALMA to probe the process of high-mass star-formation in the Galactic center.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1674-1683
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• 2021

Objective: A study was conducted to determine the physicochemical quality and consumer acceptability of beef frankfurter-type sausages formulated with pecan nut paste and Mexican oregano oil (MO) of two varieties, Poliomintha longiflora Gray (Mexican oregano Poliomintha, MOP) or Lippia berlandieri (Mexican oregano Lippia, MOL). Methods: Frankfurters were processed under six treatment conditions: control (10.67% pork fat), MOP (control + 0.01% MOP), MOL (control + 0.01% MOL), MOP-N (control + 0.01% MOP + 6% pecan nut paste), MOL-N (control + 0.01% MOL + 6% pecan nut paste), and C-N (control + 6% pecan nut paste). The physicochemical properties and the consumer acceptability were determined. Results: The addition of MO and nut did not influence the water holding capacity, drip loss, and luminosity of frankfurters, but those ingredients increased pH and shear force (p<0.05) and decreased redness (p<0.05) of frankfurters. Frankfurters were generally well accepted by consumers. However, general acceptability of sausages decreased with the addition of MO. Control sausages showed the highest acceptability. Conclusion: The MO and pecan nut paste do not affect drastically the quality of frankfurters. These results provide evidence that partial replacement of pork fat by pecan nut in frankfurters maintain a consistent physicochemical quality and its commercialization looks promising given consumers' acceptance.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to analyze the current status and performance evaluation systems of faculty in Korean medical colleges and professional graduate medical schools (called medical schools). We developed a research tool based on previous studies and distributed it to 40 medical schools from July to October 2017. The response rate was 100%. We calculated the number of faculty members and analyzed the faculty evaluation systems and awareness according to national and private medical schools. As of 2017, the number of medical faculty in Korea was 11,111 (4,973 faculty were employed by their alma mater, which is 44.76% of the total), with non-medical doctor faculty accounting for 754 of the total. The medical schools reflect research achievements as most important for re-appointment and screening to promote faculty, and the area of education is secondary excepting clinical faculty of private medical schools. However, important issues in the faculty evaluation deal with the relevance of research achievement and the need for qualitative assessment. Some medical schools revised or have been revising the faculty evaluation system in areas such as minimum standards of education for promotion and separation of promotion and tenure review. Opening non-tenure track lines for faculty show positive effects such as increasing the number of positions for hire and easing the financial burdens of medical schools. Downfalls include inconsistencies between the responsibilities and actual practices of tenure not being available and the instability of faculty's status. In conclusion, medical schools need to prepare a faculty evaluation system that fits the position of faculty members and attempt to establish a reasonable compensation system.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.284-288
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• 2021

Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive systems for human use. In this paper we suggest designing a smart deaf emergency application based on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles whereas nowadays everything around us is becoming smart, People already have smartphones, smartwatches, smart cars, smart houses, and many other technologies that offer a wide range of useful options. So, a smart mobile application using Text Telephone or TeleTYpe technology (TTY) has been proposed to help people with deafness or impaired hearing to communicate and seek help in emergencies. Deaf people find it difficult to communicate with people, especially in emergency status. It is stipulated that deaf people In all societies must have equal rights to use emergency services as other people. With the proposed application the deafness or impaired hearing can request help with one touch, and the location will be determined, also the user status will be sent to the emergency services through the application, making it easier to reach them and provide them with assistance. The application contains several classifications and emergency status (traffic, police, road safety, ambulance, fire fighting). The expected results from this design are interactive, experiential, efficient, and comprehensive features of human-computer interactive technology which may achieve user satisfaction.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.187-202
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The exposure to sucrose in rats has mimic abnormalities attributed to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The effects of honey bee and "free" glucose and fructose, have not been explored in this context. The aim was to expose Wistar rodents to sucrose solution (SS), honey solution (HS) and fructose/glucose solution (GFS) at 30% to assess their effects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: HS (n = 10), SS (n = 10) and GFS (n = 10) groups were formed. Solutions were ad libitum along 14-weeks. RESULTS: Between solutions consumptions, honey was significantly 42% higher (P = 0.000), while similar consumption was observed among GFS and SS. The feeding pattern of HS consumption was irregular along experiment; while the food intake pattern showed the similar trend among groups along time. Non statistical differences were obtained in any biochemical and anthropometric measure, however, a higher concentration of leptin (721 ± 507 pg/mL), lower concentration of total cholesterol (TC; 48.87 ± 2.41 mg/100 mL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL; 16.47 ± 6.55 mg/100 mL) and triglycerides (82.37 ± 32.77 mg/100 mL) was obtained in SS group. For anthropometric values, HS showed less total adipose tissue (AT; average 26 vs. 31-33 g) and adiposity index (average 6.11 vs. 7.6). Due to sugar-sweetened beverages consumption increases the risk for the development of chronic diseases; correlations between fluid intake and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. A moderate correlation was obtained in groups with the weight of total AT and solution intake; for the weight gain in GFS group and for triglycerides in HS and GFS. The highest hepatic tissue damage was observed in SS group with multiple intracytoplasmic vacuoles, atypia changes, moderate pleomorphism and hepatocellular necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the significantly higher consumption of HS, biochemical, anthropometrical and histological effects were not remarkably different in comparision to other sweeteners.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.343-364
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• 2021

In this study, as examples of domestic libraries currently using the cloud-based library system, the main characteristics and issues that appeared in the experience of use divided into the processes of introduction, conversion, and operation of each system were investigated, and the results are as follows. First, it is said that new systems were introduced as alternatives to problems caused by the operation of the existing system, and the current products were selected because they were cost-effective. Second, the main issues in the conversion process were data migration work, implementation of existing service functions, and linking problems of internal and external systems in the library. Third, the main advantages identified in the operation process were cost reduction, simple installation and automatic management and maintenance, and convenient use in mobile devices. The main drawbacks were the difficulty of customizing that reflects the characteristics of the library, and the need for stability of the network. The disappeared role of the information technology librarian is the regular system inspection and maintenance support, and various new roles have been suggested. The responses of librarians and users to the new system were generally satisfied rather than dissatisfied.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.377-384
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to estimate multi-trait genetic parameters for somatic cell score (SCS), milk yield and type traits in Nigerian Dwarf (ND) goats from the United States. Methods: Data from 1,041 ND goats in the United States with kiddings in 95 herds were used to estimate multi-trait genetic parameters for SCS, milk (MILK), fat (FAT), and protein (PROT) yields, and 14 type traits. An 18-trait mixed linear animal model for lactation mean SCS (Log₂), MILK, FAT, PROT, and 14 type traits was applied. A factor analytic approach (FA1) in ASReml software was used to obtain convergence. Results: Averages for SCS were low (2.85±1.29 Log₂), and were 314±110.6, 20.9±7.4, and 14±4.9 kg, respectively, for MILK, FAT, and PROT. Heritabilities for SCS, MILK, FAT, and PROT were 0.32, 0.16, 0.16, and 0.10, respectively. The highest heritabilities for type traits were for stature (0.72), teat diameter (0.49), and rump width (0.48), and the lowest estimates were for dairyness (0.003) and medial suspensory ligament (0.03). Genetic correlations of SCS with MILK, FAT, and PROT were positive but low (0.25, 0.18, and 0.23, respectively). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between MILK, FAT, and PROT were high and positive (≥0.66). Absolute values of genetic correlations involving SCS with type traits were generally low or no different from zero. Most of the phenotypic correlations involving SCS with type traits were low. No serious unfavorable genetic correlations between milk yield traits and SCS or between milk yield traits or SCS and type traits were found. Conclusion: Genetic variation exists in the ND breed for most studied traits. The development of selection programs based on these estimates may help accelerate favorable multi-trait genetic changes in this breed.