• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.474-478
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• 2005

Because it possesses anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, and tissue regenerative properties, propolis has been used for thousands of years in folk medicine for multiple purposes. Although the antimicrobial activity of propolis has already been demonstrated, very few studies have been conducted on bacteria of clinical relevance in dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative activities of 0.1% and 1.0% propolis, both of water-extracted (proAQ) and ethanol-extracted (proAL) propolis, for industrial applications. In studies of antimicrobial activity, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 35556, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 12021, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Candida parapsilosis KCCM 35428, all general food or clinical pathogens, were tested. The culture medium used was trypticase soy broth including 0.6% yeast extract; after 6 hr of incubation, the turbidities were measured at 620 nm with a spectrophotometer. The results indicate that the antimicrobial effects of both 1.0% proAQ and 1.0% proAL were greater against the growth of S. aureus ATCC 35556 and C. parapsilosis KCCM 35428 rather than those of S. enteritidis ATCC 12021 and E. coli O157:H7. Additionally, it appears that the anti-inflammatory effects of proAL are greater than those of proAQ. The anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by measurement of the inhibition of hyaluronidase activity in vitro. At a 1% concentration, the anti-inflammatory effects of proAL were greater than those of proAQ. Finally, the anti-oxidative effects of 1% and 10% solutions of each extract sample were measured according to the TBA method at $40^{\circ}C$ for 1, 2, 3, and 5 days and were compared with 1.0% BHT. The results indicate that the anti-oxidative effects at 0.1% for both proAQ and proAL were not significantly different than the anti-oxidative effects at 1.0% BHT (p<0.05). Thus, it appeared that the alcohol-extracted propolis had greater antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects than the water-extracted propolis. This is based on the presumption that major biofunctional components were fat-soluble, rather than water-soluble.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2003년도 제3회 국제심포지움 및 학술대회
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• pp.20-21
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• 2003

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are mitogenic peptide hormones that regulate embryonic development, postnatal growth and cellular differentiation in vertebrates IGFs are initially translated as pre-pro-peptides and then proteolytically processed to yield the mature IGFs and E-peptides. Like the C-peptide of pro-insulin, the E-peptides of pro-IGFs are generally believed to possess little or no biological activity other than their potential roles in the biosynthesis of the mature IGFs. Like human IGF-1, previous studies in our laboratory showed that the recombinant trout Ea4-peptide of pro-IGF-1 exhibited a dose-dependent mitegenic activity in cultured BALB/3T3 fibroblasts and other non-oncogenic transformed cells (Tian et al., 1999) We have also shown by in vitro and in vivo studies that Ea4-peptide possessed novel anti-tumor activities (Chen et al., 2002, Kuo and Chen, 2002; Kuo and Chen 2003). Recent results of studies conducted in chorionicallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos revealed that Ea4-peptide of trout pro-IGF-1 also possesses a dose-dependent antiangiogenic activity. Together these results raised the question whether Ea4-peptide of trout pro-IGF-1 may affect heart and blood vessel development and hematopoiesis in fish embryos. (중략)

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.286-293
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 고강도 Al-Mg-Zn계 알루미늄 합금 연속주조 빌렛의 균질화처리 과정 중 미세조직 전개과정을 다양한 장비(OM, SEM, EDS, DSC)로 분석 및 고찰하였다. 우선, 연속주조된 알루미늄 합금 빌렛 내 입계 및 입내에는 AlMgZn, AlMgFe 및 AlMgZnSi상 등 많은 양이 불균일하게 존재하며, 이들 상은 균질화처리 과정 중 입계 및 기지로 용해된다. 합금설계 프로그램 및 동력학 방정식을 활용한 결정립 내 주요 합금원소인 Mg 및 Zn의 확산거동을 분석한 결과, JMatPro 내 균질화처리 모드에서 대상합금 내 Mg이 Zn 대비 기지 내로 빠르게 용해되나, 동력학 방정식의 경우에도 유사한 경향성이 나타난다. 확산속도에 대한 의미로 실제로 Zn 대비 상대적으로 Mg이 많은 양을 함유하고 있어 기지로 확산과 동시에 고용되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5663-5667
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• 2015

Background: Earlier studies on the association between p53 codon 72 Arg>Pro polymorphism and cancer risk were inconclusive and conflicting for the Saudi population. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between the codon 72 Arg>Pro polymorphism and overall cancer risk in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: We searched all eligible published studies and data were pooled together to perform the meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for homozygous, heterozygous, dominant and recessive genetic models. Results: A total of five eligible published studies covering 502 cancer cases and 784 healthy controls were included in the meta-analysis. No publication bias was detected in this study. The results suggested that the variant (Pro vs Arg: p=0.960; OR=1.004, 95% CI=0.852-1.183), homozygous (Pro.Pro vs Arg.Arg: p=0.970; OR=1.006, 95% CI=0.729-1.390), heterozygous (Arg.Pro vs Arg.Arg: p=0.473; OR=0.783, 95% CI=0.402-1.527) carriers were not associated with overall cancer risk. Similarly, dominant (Pro.Pro+Pro.Arg vs Arg.Arg: p=0.632; OR=0.886, 95% CI=0.540-1.454) and recessive (Pro.Pro vs Pro.Arg+Arg.Arg: p=0.269; OR=1.163, 95%CI=0.890-1.521) models also did not indicate increased risk of cancer. Conclusions: The current meta-analysis suggests that the codon 72 Arg>Pro polymorphism of the p53 gene might not contribute to cancer susceptibility in Saudi population. Future well designed large case control studies are needed to validate our findings.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1266-1273
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• 1998

Al2O3/(5~20vol%)LaAl11O18 composites in which the second phase was dispersed with a elongated grain shape were fabricated using Al2O3 and La2O3 composition by hot-pressing. In order investigate the in-fluence of LaAl11O18 on the toughening of LaAl11O18 on the toughening of Al2O3 matrix composites AE(acoustic emission) analysis was con-ducted together with an evaluation of fracture toughness using of SEPB technique. The degree of AE events occurred in composites were more than those in monolithic alumina. The occurrences of AE event increased with increasing the amount of LaAl11O18 phase in the Al2O3/LaAl11O18 composite is two times higher compared to monolithic alu-mina. The main toughening mechanism was attributed to the bridging of LaAl11O18 grains at tip of pro-pagating crack.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.131-144
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• 1990

It is well known that the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has a prepro-hormone of 151 amino-acids which loses their hydrophobic signal peptide to form 126 amino acid prohormone. The whole prohormone is released and then cleaved by proteases into more than one circulating forms. Recently, Winters et al. (1988a, b) reported that high concentrations of N-terminal fragments of prepro-ANP $(26{\sim}55),\;(56{\sim}92)\;and\;(104{\sim}123)$ were detected in human plasma. However, their physiological roles have not been established. The present study was conducted to determine whether the N-terminal fragments of pro-ANP have any effect on the renal function and to compare the effect with those of G-terminal fragments of pro-ANP The results indicate that intrarenal arterial infusions of prepro-ANP $(26{\sim}41),\;(26{\sim}55),\;(56{\sim}92)\;and\;(104{\sim}123)$ induced no significant changes in renal function. Whereas ${\alpha}-human$ ANP $(prepro-ANP,\;124{\sim}151)$ and pro-ANP caused a significant increase in urine volume, renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretions of sodium, chloride and potassium, and fractional excretion of sodium. These results suggest that the N-terminal fragments of pro-ANP are ineffective, while the C-terminal fragments retain the natriuretic and diuretic activities.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

가정용 전자 렌지를 사용하여, SiO2-Al 분말 성형체로 이루어진 시편을 질화분위기에서 점화시켰다. 연소파대가 전파되면서 미반응물없이 Si와 AIN와 Al2O3를 석출하였으며, 냉각과정을 거치지 않고 곧바로 석출물들이 마이크로파를 흡수하여 고온에서 가열되어서 사이알론상을 합성하였다. 전자렌지안에서 SiO2-Al 분말성형체로부터 사이알론상들의 합성율은 일반적인 로내에서의 합성율보다 높았고, 공정시간이 불과 1시간내외에 이어서 에너지와 제조경비를 절약할 수 있었다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1999년도 제51차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.1-15
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• 1999

In a case-control study to evaluate the factors involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, polymorphisms of the p53 gene were compared in 68 cases mostly infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 68 controls matched for sex and age: DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism method and direct sequencing. Polymorphisms analyzed were those in exon 4 (CCC vs. CGC, Pro vs. Arg at codon 72, Al allele vs. A2 allele), intron 2 (C vs. G at nucleotide 38, Al vs. A2), intron 3 (C vs. A at nucleotide 65, Al vs. A2; absence and presence of 16 base pair repeat at nucleotides 24 to 39, Al vs. A2), intron 6 (A vs. G at nucleotide 62, Al vs. A2) and intron 7 (C and T vs. T and G at nucleotides 72 and 92, Al vs. A2). A significantly higher frequency of the allele for CCC (Pro, Al) at codon 72 of exon 4 was found in cases (39%) than in controls (26%) (p<0.05). Highly significant linkage of the polymorphisms in exon 4, intron 2, intron 3 and intron 7, and between the intron 3-16 bp duplication and polymorphism in intron 6 also was found. Matched Fair analysis showed significantly higher frequencies of certain haplotypes (1-1-1-1-2-2 or 1-1-2-1-2-1 for exon 4, intron 2, intron 3, the intron 3-16 bp duplication, intron 6 and intron 7) in cases than in controls (p=0.014, OR=2.27, 95% CI= 1.08-5.12). No preference of specific p53 polymorphisms for specific HCV genotype was detected. These findings suggest that in hepatocarcinogenesis mainly due to HCV infection, genetic factors may be involved and that genetic markers can serve as predictors of a high-risk group for hepatocarcinogenesis.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2010

This paper reviews commercial wind mapping services provided by the oversea consulting companies, AL-PRO and anemos in Germany, AWS Truepower and 3TIER in USA. They provide quick-to-use but essential dataset for a preliminary assessment before commencing an actual feasibility study for wind farm development. Details of wind mapping method, mapresolution, data extraction height, price and so forth are compared and fresh service contents such as site analysis report are drawn from the comparison. Despite its public service, the objective value of the Renewable Energy Resource Map System of Korea Instistute of Energy Research is also confirmed and it is anticipated that the drawn new content idea will be ported to the system to enrich its applicability.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.522-527
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• 2004

Nano sized FeAl intermetallic particles were successfully synthesized by plasma arc discharge pro-cess. The synthesized powders shouted core-shell structures with the particle size of 10-20 nm. The core was metallic FeAl and shell was composed of amorphous $AI_{2}O_{3}\;and\;a\;little\;amount\;of\;metallic\;Fe_{3}O_{4}.$ Because of the difference of Fe and Al vapor pressure during synthesis, the Al contents in the nanoparticles depended on the Al contents of master alloy.