• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.999-1008
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• 2023

Early prediction of chronic diseases such as diabetes is an important issue, and improving the accuracy of diabetes prediction is especially important. Various machine learning and deep learning-based methodologies are being introduced for diabetes prediction, but these technologies require large amounts of data for better performance than other methodologies, and the learning cost is high due to complex data models. In this study, we aim to verify the claim that DNN using the pima dataset and k-fold cross-validation reduces the efficiency of diabetes diagnosis models. Machine learning classification methods such as decision trees, SVM, random forests, logistic regression, KNN, and various ensemble techniques were used to determine which algorithm produces the best prediction results. After training and testing all classification models, the proposed system provided the best results on XGBoost classifier with ADASYN method, with accuracy of 81%, F1 coefficient of 0.81, and AUC of 0.84. Additionally, a domain adaptation method was implemented to demonstrate the versatility of the proposed system. An explainable AI approach using the LIME and SHAP frameworks was implemented to understand how the model predicts the final outcome.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.672-676
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• 2023

지식 추적 (knowledge tacing)은 주어진 학습자의 과거 문제 해결 기록을 기반으로 학습자의 지식 습득 정도를 파악하여 목표 문제에 대한 정답 여부를 예측하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이전 연구에서는 이진 분류 기반의 모델을 사용하여 정답 유무만 예측하였기 때문에 학습자의 답변에 존재하는 정보를 활용하지 못한다. 최근 연구에서는 이를 생성 태스크로 변환하여 컴퓨터과학 분야에서 프로그래밍 질문에 대한 지식 추정을 수행하는 open-ended knowledge tracing (OKT)이 제안되었다. 하지만 최적의 OKT 모델에 대한 연구는 진행되지 않았으며 따라서 본 논문에서는 시간에 따라 변화하는 학습자의 지식 상태에 따라 답변 생성을 조정하는 새로운 OKT 방법론을 제안한다. 실험을 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법론의 우수성과 효율성을 증명한다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.119-137
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• 2022

Recent recommendation system studies apply various deep learning models to represent user and item interactions better. One of the noteworthy studies is ONCF(Outer product-based Neural Collaborative Filtering) which builds a two-dimensional interaction map via outer product and employs CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) to learn high-order correlations from the map. However, ONCF has limitations in recommendation performance due to the problems with CNN and the absence of side information. ONCF using CNN has an inductive bias problem that causes poor performances for data with a distribution that does not appear in the training data. This paper proposes to employ a Vision Transformer (ViT) instead of the vanilla CNN used in ONCF. The reason is that ViT showed better results than state-of-the-art CNN in many image classification cases. In addition, we propose a new architecture to reflect side information that ONCF did not consider. Unlike previous studies that reflect side information in a neural network using simple input combination methods, this study uses an independent auxiliary classifier to reflect side information more effectively in the recommender system. ONCF used a single latent vector for user and item, but in this study, a channel is constructed using multiple vectors to enable the model to learn more diverse expressions and to obtain an ensemble effect. The experiments showed our deep learning model improved performance in recommendation compared to ONCF.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1087-1098
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• 2023

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has led to its proactive utilization across various fields. However, this widespread adoption of AI-based systems has raised concerns about the increasing threat of attacks on these systems. In particular, deep neural networks, commonly used in deep learning, have been found vulnerable to adversarial attacks that intentionally manipulate input data to induce model errors. In this study, we propose a method to protect image classification models from visually imperceptible One-Pixel attacks, where only a single pixel is altered in an image. The proposed defense technique utilizes an autoencoder model to remove potential threat elements from input images before forwarding them to the classification model. Experimental results, using the CIFAR-10 dataset, demonstrate that the autoencoder-based defense approach significantly improves the robustness of pretrained image classification models against One-Pixel attacks, with an average defense rate enhancement of 81.2%, all without the need for modifications to the existing models.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.411-425
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• 2023

Today, AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology is widely used in various fields, performing classification and regression tasks according to the purpose of use, and research is also actively progressing. Especially in the field of security, unexpected threats need to be detected, and unsupervised learning-based anomaly detection techniques that can detect threats without adding known threat information to the model training process are promising methods. However, most of the preceding studies that provide interpretability for AI judgments are designed for supervised learning, so it is difficult to apply them to unsupervised learning models with fundamentally different learning methods. In addition, previously researched vision-centered AI mechanism interpretation studies are not suitable for application to the security field that is not expressed in images. Therefore, In this paper, we use a technique that provides interpretability for detected anomalies by searching for and comparing optimization references, which are the source of intrusion attacks. In this paper, based on reference, we propose additional logic to search for data closest to real data. Based on real data, it aims to provide a more intuitive interpretation of anomalies and to promote effective use of an anomaly detection model in the security field.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.42-57
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• 2022

This study aims to create a basic model for classifying the activity photos that urban park users shared on social media using Deep Learning through Artificial Intelligence. Regarding the social media data, photos related to urban parks were collected through a Naver search, were collected, and used for the classification model. Based on the indicators of Naturalness, Potential Attraction, and Activity, which can be used to evaluate the characteristics of urban parks, 21 classification categories were created. Urban park photos shared on Naver were collected by category, and annotated datasets were created. A custom CNN model and a transfer learning model utilizing a CNN pre-trained on the collected photo datasets were designed and subsequently analyzed. As a result of the study, the Xception transfer learning model, which demonstrated the best performance, was selected as the urban park user activity image classification model and evaluated through several evaluation indicators. This study is meaningful in that it has built AI as an index that can evaluate the characteristics of urban parks by using user-shared photos on social media. The classification model using Deep Learning mitigates the limitations of manual classification, and it can efficiently classify large amounts of urban park photos. So, it can be said to be a useful method that can be used for the monitoring and management of city parks in the future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.165-184
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• 2023

Recently, Deep learning analysis of unstructured text data using language models, such as Google's BERT and OpenAI's GPT has shown remarkable results in various applications. Most language models are used to learn generalized linguistic information from pre-training data and then update their weights for downstream tasks through a fine-tuning process. However, some concerns have been raised that privacy may be violated in the process of using these language models, i.e., data privacy may be violated when data owner provides large amounts of data to the model owner to perform fine-tuning of the language model. Conversely, when the model owner discloses the entire model to the data owner, the structure and weights of the model are disclosed, which may violate the privacy of the model. The concept of offsite tuning has been recently proposed to perform fine-tuning of language models while protecting privacy in such situations. But the study has a limitation that it does not provide a concrete way to apply the proposed methodology to text classification models. In this study, we propose a concrete method to apply offsite tuning with an additional classifier to protect the privacy of the model and data when performing multi-classification fine-tuning on Korean documents. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology, we conducted experiments on about 200,000 Korean documents from five major fields, ICT, electrical, electronic, mechanical, and medical, provided by AIHub, and found that the proposed plug-in model outperforms the zero-shot model and the offsite model in terms of classification accuracy.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.34-46
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• 2023

The design of non-pneumatic tires, which are created by filling the space between the wheel and the tread with elastomeric compounds or polygonal spokes, has become an important research topic in the automotive and aerospace industries. In this study, a system was designed for the design of non-pneumatic tires through the implementation of a generative adversarial network. We specifically examined factors that could impact the design, including the type of non-pneumatic tire, its intended usage environment, manufacturing techniques, distinctions from pneumatic tires, and how spoke design affects load distribution. Using OpenCV, various shapes and spoke configurations were generated as images, and a GAN model was trained on the projected GANs to generate shapes and spokes for non-pneumatic tire designs. The designed non-pneumatic tires were labeled as available or not, and a Vision Transformer image classification AI model was trained on these labels for classification purposes. Evaluation of the classification model show convergence to a near-zero loss and a 99% accuracy rate confirming the generation of non-pneumatic tire designs.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.517-524
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• 2024

This study aims to train and implement a deep learning model for the fusion of website creation and artificial intelligence, in the era known as the AI revolution following the launch of the ChatGPT service. The deep learning model was trained using 3,000 collected web page images, processed based on a system of component and layout classification. This process was divided into three stages. First, prior research on AI models was reviewed to select the most appropriate algorithm for the model we intended to implement. Second, suitable web page and paragraph images were collected, categorized, and processed. Third, the deep learning model was trained, and a serving interface was integrated to verify the actual outcomes of the model. This implemented model will be used to detect multiple paragraphs on a web page, analyzing the number of lines, elements, and features in each paragraph, and deriving meaningful data based on the classification system. This process is expected to evolve, enabling more precise analysis of web pages. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the development of precise analysis techniques will lay the groundwork for research into AI's capability to automatically generate perfect web pages.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2020.05a
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• pp.519-522
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• 2020

1989년에 WWW(World Wide Web)이 도입 되면서 세계적으로 인터넷의 보급이 시작되었다. 정보화 시대라고 알려진 3차 산업혁명 이후로 대량의 정보들이 소셜 미디어를 통하여 생산되었다. 소셜미디어는 2007년에 인터넷 사용자들 중 56%의 이용률을 보였지만 2008년 2분기에는 75%의 이용률로 증가함에 따라 대부분의 사용자들이 많이 사용하며 의존하게 되었다. 또한 소셜 미디어를 통해 발생 되는 데이터들을 이용하여 기업들은 이윤 창출을 할 수 있다. 하지만 이러한 소셜 미디어는 악의적인 목적을 통해 주가 조작, 정치적 선동 등을 할 수 있는 가짜 뉴스와 허위 정보들을 생성할 수 있으며 이에 따라 대책이 시급하다. 또한 가짜 뉴스는 사람이 글을 작성할 수도 있지만 최근 인공지능 기술의 발달에 따라 프로그램을 통해 자동적으로 생성 될 수도 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 실제 뉴스와 인공지능을 기반으로 한 뉴스를 분석한다. Kaggle에서 실제 뉴스 데이터를 수집하여 헤드라인을 OpenAI의 GPT-2 언어 모델을 통해 뉴럴 가짜 뉴스를 생성 하였다. 파이썬의 NLTK 모듈을 이용하여 전처리를 진행하였고 t-검정과 박스 플롯을 활용하여 분석을 진행하였다. 분석된 주요 속성들을 의사결정트리를 통해 모델 검증을 하였고 k-fold 교차검증을 통해 분류 모델을 평가하였다. 결과로 전체 분류 정확도 평균 89%의 성능을 보여주었다.