• Title/Summary/Keyword: AI(III)

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A Study of Al(III) Hydrolysis Species Characterization under Various Coagulation Condition (응집 pH와 응집제 종류에 따른 Al(III)가수분해종 특성변화에 대한 연구)

  • Song, Yu-Kyung;Jung, Chul-Woo;Sohn, In-Shik
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.958-967
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    • 2006
  • The overall objective of this research was to find out the role of rapid mixing conditions in the species of hydrolyzed Al(III) formed by Al(III) coagulants and to evaluate the distribution of hydrolyzed Al(III) species by coagulant dose and coagulation pH. When an Al(III) salt was added to water, monomers, polymers and solid precipitates may form. Different Al(III) coagulants (alum and PSOM) show to have different Al(III) species distribution over a rapid mixing condition. During the rapid mixing period, for alum, formation of dissolved AI(III) (monomer and polymer) increases, but for PSOM, precipitates of $Al(OH)_{3(S)}$ increases rapidly. During the rapid mixing period, for high coagulant dose, Al-ferron reaction increases rapidly. The kinetic constants, Ka and Kb, derived from AI-ferron reaction. The kinetic constants followed very well the defined tendencies for coagulation condition. For pure water, when the rapid mixing time increased, the kinetic constants, Ka and Kb showed lower values. Also, for raw water, when the rapid mixing time increased, the kinetic constants, Ka and Kb showed lower values. At A/D(Adsorption and Destabilization) and sweep condition, both $Al(OH)_{3(S)}$ and dissolved Al(III) (monomer and polymer) exist, concurrent reactions by both mechanism appear to cause simultaneous precipitation.

Effects of Sen Tangle (Laminaria japonica) Extract and Fucoidan Components on Lipid Metabolism of Stressed Mouse (스트레스 부하 마우스의 지질대사에 미치는 다시마(Laminaria japonica)와 후코이단 성분의 영향)

  • CHOI Jin-Ho;KIM Dae-Ik;PARK Soo-Hyun;KIM Dong-Woo;KIM Chang-Mok;KOO Jae-Geun
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.124-128
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    • 2000
  • This study was designed to investigate the effects of sea tangle(Laminaria japonica) extract (Dasi-Ex group: dry base $4.0{\%}$) and fucoidan-added (Fuco-I, II, III group: fucoidan of $1.0{\%}, 2.0{\%}, 3.0{\%}$ added to Dasi-EX) drinks on lipid metabolism of stressed mice. ICR male mice ($20 {\pm} 2 g$) were fed experimental diets and given free through water bottle filled with these beverages instead of water for 18 days including sociopsychological stress of 4 days. Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I, II, III groups resulted in slight decreases $3{\$}$ in body weight gain and $6{\~}12{\%}$ in feed and gross efficiencies compared with control groups. Serum protein contents were slightly increased $1{\~}5{\%}$ by administrations of these beverages compared with control group, reflecting inhibitory effect of sociopsychological stress by increase of protein levels. Significant differences in serum cholesterol contents of Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I groups could not be obtained, but Fuco-II and III groups resulted in marked decreases ($13{\~}17{\%}$) in serum cholesterol contents compared with control group. LDL-cholesterol contents resulted in marked decreases ($about 20 and 25{\%}$, respectively) in Fuco-II and III groups, whereas HDL-cholesterol content was significantly increases ($about 16{\%}$) in Fuco-III group compared with control group. Fuco-I, II and III groups resulted in a marked decreases ($15{\%}, 20{\%} and 40{\%}$, respectively) in atherogenic index (AI) compared with control group. Significant differences in serum lipid peroxide (LPO) contents of Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I groups could not be obtained, but Fuco-II and III groups resulted in a significant decrease about $10{\%}$ in serum LPO contents compared with control group. These results suggested that fucoidan drinks added sea tangle could significantly inhibited chronic degenerative diseases by improvement of effective lipid metabolism or fucoidan component.

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MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT FOR AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA PATIENT WITH SKELETAL C III MALOCCLUSION (골격성 3급 부정 교합을 지닌 법랑질 형성 부전증 환자의 복합적 치료)

  • Oh, Jung-Hwan;Kim, Hak-Ryeol;Hwang, Yoon-Tae;Kim, Yeo-Gab;Ryu, Dong-Mok;Lee, Baek-Soo;Yoon, Byung-Wook;Jeon, Joon-Hyeok
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2007
  • Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary disease that affects enamel formation. The patients with AI have esthetic and functional problems due to damage of multiple teeth. So most AI patients resolve these problem through the conservative and prosthodontic treatments. In our case, It was difficult to obtain good results in means of conservative and prosthodontic treatments, because the AI patient had skeletal Class III malocclusion. Moreover, because of vertical dimension loss due to severe dental caries and maxillofacial skeletal disharmony, the ordinary prosthodontic treatment was troublesome. So we planned orthognathic surgery to resolve these problems. After the endodontic treatment, temporary restoration was delivered for stable post-operative occlusion. Then orthognathic surgery was done, and final restoration was delivered in stable period. We obtained satisfactory results in esthetic and functional aspects through multidisciplinary management(conservative treatment, prosthodontics and orthognathic surgery).

The Application of Activated Alumina for the Selective Analysis of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) (활성 알루미나를 이용한 크롬 3가 및 6가의 분리.분석)

  • Lim, Heon-Sung;Lee, Sueg-Geun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.544-547
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    • 2000
  • By using surface modified activated alumina with AI(III) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry, a rapid and convenient method for the selective analysis of chromium (III) and chromium (VI) in water has been developed. This technique appears to work accurately under optimum pH range from 3 to 5.

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Progesterone assays as an aid for improving reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle III. Milk progesterone profiles in repeat-breeder dairy cows (Progesterone 농도측정(濃度測定)에 의한 유우(乳牛)의 번식효율증진(繁殖效率增進)에 관한 연구(硏究) III. 저수태우(低受胎牛)에서 유즙(乳汁)중 progesterone 농도변화(濃度變化))

  • Kang, Byong-kyu;Choi, Han-sun;Choi, Sang-gong;Son, Chang-ho;Chon, Hong-suk
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.189-193
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    • 1994
  • This study was undertaken to clarify the relationship between the cause of repeat-breeder and the luteal dysfunction in repeat-breeder dairy cows that failed to conceive to three or more artificial insemination(AI) at a regular interval. Progesterone concentrations were measured in milk fat for 20 to 22 days after AI. From the 15 repeat-breeder dairy cows, six cows had a normal progesterone profiles. Five cows showed a delayed rise of the progesterone concentrations until 7 to 10 days after AI, two cows had a comparatively low concentration of milk progesterone below 150 ng/ml through most of the luteal phase, and two cows had a combined pattern of a delayed rise and a low concentration of milk progesterone during luteal phase. It is suggest that luteal dysfunction as indicated by progesterone profiles is one of the causes of repeat-breeder in dairy cows.

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Characteristic of Al(III) Hydrosis Species at Rapid Mixing Condition (급속흔화조건에서 AI(III) 가수분해종의 분포특성)

  • Jung, Chul-Woo;Son, Jung-Gi;Shon, In-Shik;Kang, Lim-Seok
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.128-136
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    • 2004
  • The overall objective of this research was to find out the role of rapid mixing conditions in the species of hydrolyzed Al(III) formed by different Al(III) coagulants. When an Al(III) salt is added to water, monomers, polymers, or solid precipitates may form. Different Al(III) coagulants (alum and PACl) show to have different Al species distribution over a rapid mixing condition. During the rapid mixing period, for alum, formation of dissolved Al(III) (monomer and polymer) increases, but for PACl, precipitates of $Al(OH)_{3(s)}$. increases rapidly. Also, for alum, higher mixing speed favoured Al(III) polymers formation over precipitates of $Al(OH)_{3(s)}$ but for PACl, higher mixing speed formed more precipitates of $Al(OH)_{3(s)}$. At A/D and sweep condition, both $Al(OH)_{3(s)}$ and dissolved Al(III) (monomer and polymer) exist, concurrent reactions by both mechanism appear to cause simultaneous precipitation.