• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Objectives : The heartwood of Sappan Lignum has been used since ancient times as an ingredient in folk medicines against anti-bacterial and anti-anemia purposes. Many bioactive constituents have been derived from this biomass such as chalcones and homoisoflavonoids. In the current investigation, the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties using DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radicals scavenging, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibition assays were evaluated by different extraction methods of Sappan Lignum. Methods : In our continuing investigation for bioactive natural ingredients, the antioxidant and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory properties of Sappan Lignum extracts were prepared from different extraction methods and the biological efficacies were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant properties were evaluated employing radical scavenging assays using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ($ABTS^+$) radicals. In addition, the anti-diabetic effects of Sappan Lignum extracts were tested via ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and AGEs formation inhibitory assay. The total phenolic contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. Results : All the tested samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities. Among the tested extracts, the 80% methanolic extract of Sappan Lignum was showed the most potent activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $82.3{\pm}1.7{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ against DPPH radical scavenging assay. While, $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity of 80% methanolic extract was higher than those of other extracts. Also, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory and AGEs formation effects of each extacts and total phenolic contents were evaluated. Conclusions : These results suggested that Sappan Lignum can be considered as a new effective source of natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic materials.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.271-279
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• 2017

This study evaluated antimicrobial efficacy and antioxidant effect of fraction isolated from Coptis Radix and confirmed its possibility as a cosmetic material. The extracts of isolated from Coptis Radix conducted an antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans by disc diffusion method and measure clear zone. As a result, it was confirmed that antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and candida. A was observed in all samples except Fr 1. The activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and The activity of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) cation radical scavenging were determined by antioxidant assay according to the concentrations (50, 125, 250) ${\mu}g/mL$ of extracts of isolated from Coptis Radix. As a result, DPPH radical scavenging activity of Fr 1, 2, 3, 4 at $250{\mu}g/mL$ was 11.4%, 30.3%, 42.0% and 53.1%, respectively and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity was 28.6%, 96.2%, 98.6% and 97.1% at the same concentration, respectively. Fr. 3 and 4 showed higher radical scavenging activity than the positive the control group BHT at the same concentration. In the WST assay results of measuring the cytotoxicity of Coptis Radix, except for Fr. 4, Fr. 1, 2 and 3 did not show toxicity. As a result, the fractions isolated from Coptis Radix can be regarded as a cosmetic material having antimicrobial activity and antioxidant ability.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.631-638
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• 2015

In Korea, yam with thermal treatment is widely used to produce tea and beverage, which appeals to all age groups. To better understand the antioxidative activity of thermal treatment yam (Dioscorea batatas $D_{ECNE.}$), n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated with different antioxidant testing system. Their antioxidant activities, including ABTS [2,2' -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferric reducing antioxidant power as well as total phenol contents were assessed in vitro. Results showed ethyl acetate extract ($51.63{\pm}2.51mg\;CAE/g$) possessed similar total phenol content compared with n-butanol extract ($53.93{\pm}1.00mg\;CAE/g$). Ethyl acetate extract also exhibited similarly stronger antioxidant activity compared with n-butanol extract apart from ABTS radical scavenging activity assay.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.182-189
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• 2008

In this study, the effect of pH on the antioxidative activities of melanoidins formed as a result of the reaction between sugars, glucose (Glc) or fructose (Fru), and amino acids, L-asparagine (L-Asn) and D-asparagine (D-Asn) are examined. For this purpose, antioxidative activities were evaluated on the basis of reducing power, including ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and free radical scavenging activity includes 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl- hydrazil (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferrous ion chelating activity. Ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA) and trolox, a water-soluble analog of tocopherol, were used as reference antioxidant compounds. The antioxidative activities of the melanoidins at a pH of 7.0 were greater than those with a pHs of 4.0 and pH 10.0. Especially, it was found that the melanoidins formed from D-isomers are more effective antioxidants in different in vitro assays. The reducing power and chelating activity of the melanoidins formed from the Fru systems were higher than those of the melanoidins formed from the Glc systems. However, the ABTS radical scavenging activity of the melanoidins formed from the Glc systems were higher than those of the melanoidins formed from the Fru systems. In particular, the DPPH radical scavenging activity and the FRAP of the melanoidins showed different antioxidative activities according to pH level.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2019

Oregonin is known as a representative active substance of plants of the Alnus species. In this study, we will show the results of establishing a method for extracting trace amounts of useful substances in plants. Additionally, a variety of physiological activity studies were conducted with extracts containing high content of useful substances. In this study, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of supercritical fluid residue 60% EtOH extracts of Alnus sibirica (ASCFR) were investigated in vitro. To explore anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics of supercritical extract, DPPH radical scavenging, and ABTS radical scavenging activity, inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release in IgE-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells were examined, respectively. Results showed a concentration-dependent increase in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Cells stimulated with LPS produced more nitric oxide than normal control cells. However, cells treated with supercritical fluid residue 60% EtOH extract decreased production in a concentration-dependent manner. In anti-allergic activity studies, ASCFR showed concentration-dependentanti-allergic activity. Based on results and strong antioxidant activity, ASCFR has potential as basic research materials for development of therapeutic supplements-based medicines or functional cosmetics related to chronic inflammatory skin immunity diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

The present experiments were carried out to develop new antioxidants from EtOH extract of flower resources of Compositae plant concerning total polyphenol and flavonoid content, scavenging activities on DPPH and ABTS radicals, ferrous ion chelating effects, and inhibition activity on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid. EtOH extracts from Matricaria recutica, Cosmos bipinnatus, Synurus deltoides, and Aster pilosus showed higher level of total polyphenol content, and the flavonoid content was the highest in C. bipinnatus. However, scavenging activity on DPPH radicals was the highest in EtOH extract of Hieracium pilosella-1.1 times higher than BHT control. The activity on ABTS radical scavenging was the highest in EtOH extracts of M. recutica and S. deltoides-2.0 and 1.2 times higher than ascorbic acid, and 2.2 and 1.3 times higher than BHT, respectively. Ferrous ion chelating effects was also the highest in M. recutica, but the level was much lower than EDTA. Inhibition activity on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid, measured at every 4 days for 32 days, was superior and longer lasting with M. recutica and Achillea alpina, compared to that of BHT. In conclusion, antioxidant activity was different depending on species, so selection of proper plant species for the development of potential antioxidant is very important.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and β-glucan content of extracts extracted by varying the temperature at 30, 55 and 80℃ after hot air drying or freeze drying of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii. For the analysis antioxidant activity of each mushroom, β-glucan, total phenol, flavonoid contents, and DPPH·ABTS⁺·Nitrite assay were measured. Also, the β-glucan content, total flavonoid content and ABTS⁺ scavenging activity increased with freeze drying rather than hot air drying, and increased with increasing extraction temperature in both mushrooms. However, the total phenol and nitrite scavenging activity increased with hot air drying rather than freeze drying, and decreased with increasing temperature in both mushrooms. DPPH scavenging activity was not significant in both mushrooms, but decreased with increasing extraction temperature. Pearson's correlations between total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities were r=0.719~0.753 (p<0.01). As a result, the β-glucan content, total flavonoid content, and ABTS radical cation scavenging activity were highest during freeze drying and extraction at 80℃. And the highest total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and nitrite scavenging activity were obtained during hot air drying and extraction at 30℃.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2010

Phenolic compound contents and scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS radicals in twelve fern species were studied by analysing ultrasonification extraction of dried aerial parts and rhizomes using methanol solvent. Total polyphenol content ranged from 2.97 to 140.1 mg per 1 g dried sample and 0.80 to $49.58\;mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ fresh sample. Highest polyphenol content was obtained with aerial part of Davallia mariesii and Polystichum lepidocaulon. Total flavonoid content of dried sample was $2.56{\sim}34.91\;mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ and fresh sample $0.71{\sim}11.49\;mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$. Higher flavonoids were obtained with dried aerial part of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, but with fresh aerial part of P. lepidocaulon. In general, total polyphenol content was higher in rhizomes, except in case of total flavonoid. Scavenging effects on DPPH and ABTS radicals was higher with rhizome extracts compared to aerial parts. The rhizome of Polystichum polyblepharum showed highest effects on both radicals. However, the amount of fresh sample for $RC_{50}$ with consideration of water content and extraction yield. P. lepidocaulon aerial part was more advantageous than P. polyblepharum rhizome. All the fern extracts except for the Coniogramme japonica extract demonstrated superior scavenging effects on ABTS radicals, being similar activity of ascorbic acid and BHT.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2021

Antioxidant properties and antioxidant activities were analyzed for water extracts and 50% and 70% ethanol extracts of the leaf of Angelica gigas Nakai. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents in water, 50%, and 70% ethanol extract of the leaf of Angelica gigas Nakai, it was found that the polyphenol contents were 18.75 mg GAE/g, 28.95 mg GAE/g, and 34.73 mg GAE/g, respectively, and flavonoid contents were respectively. The DPPH IC50 scavenging activity was 45.84 mg/mL, 36.44 mg/mL, 19.11 mg/mL, respectively, and theABTS+ radical scavenging ability (1 mg/mL) was 28.73%, 22.79%, and 12.70%, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity, 70% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and water extract 33.14%, and 4.53%, respectively. Nitrite scavenging activity, 70% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and water extract were in the order of 1 mg/mL scavenging activity, 36.43%, 34.80%, and 18.85%, respectively.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.229-233
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• 2009

20 species of plants were extracted with Methanol and were investigated for DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTs free radical scavenging activity to quest anti-oxidation ability depending on the proton beam irradiation quantity. In the proton beam irradiation, 15 species's activities increased but among them, Pharbities nil Choisy decreased at 10 KGray and 4 species' activity didn't change at all. In hydrogen ion radical elimination activity, Ulmus macrocarpa (84 %) showed the highest and Pharbitis nil Choisy showed 6 % decreasing at more than 1 KGray. By comparison with untreated $IC_{50}$ value, the beam-treated $IC_{50}$ value increased 6.3 times for Dioscorea batatas Decne. at 1 KGray, 2.1 times for Trichosanthes kirilowii Max., and 2.8 times for Dioscorea batatas Decne. at 5 KGray. In ABTs free radical elimination activity, the activity increased 60 % for Terminalia chebula Retzius compared with untreated one. Besides, the beam-treated $IC_{50}$ value increased 2 times for Gray Ephedra sinica Stapf, 2.5 times for Terminalia chebula Retz. and 2.4 times for Arctium lappa Linne at 1 KGray.