• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.143-156
• /
• 2007

This study has researched the management status and the pollution level of water, soil, stream sediments of 11 abandoned coal mines out of a total of 12 within Obong-Dam area except Bukyung mine, which was submerged when constructing Obong-Dam, and selected areas which are in needs to have pollution control facilities in the first place. From the results of examination on the runoff at the waste rock pile and mineheads, the runoff from Sueun mine (pH, Fe, Al), Samwon mine (pH, Al), Wangdo mine (pH, Al), Mose mine (pH, Fe, Al) and Daeryeong mine (pH) exceeded the permissible discharge standards of the water quality, but the water at merging point with Obong-Dam after joined with Doma branch satisfied both Water Quality Standards and Drinking Water Quality Standards. In regard to groundwater contamination, it is found that areas where exceeded the Drinking Water Quality Standards are Wangdo mine (pH), Jangjae mine (pH, Zn), Daeryeong mine (pH) whereas all areas satisfied Soil Contamination Warning Standards of Soil Environmental Conservation Law. When comparing a research result on underwater sediments of branches of abandoned mines to the EPA Guidelines for classification of great lakes harbor sediments, Dongguk Gaerim (Fe), Jungwon mine (Fe), Daebo mine (Mn), Samwon mine (Mn) and Daeryeong mine (Mn) showed mid-level of contamination, whereas Sueun (Fe, Mn), Daebo mine (Fe), Woosung mine (Fe, Mn), Wangdo mine (Fe, Mn), Mose mine (Fe) and Daeryeong mine (Fe) showed high-level of contamination. In addition, contamination levels of underwater sediments in Wangsan and Doma branch where abandoned mine's branches merge together, Wangsan branch showed no contamination at all whereas Doma branch shows mid-level of contamination which reflect the Doma branch is affected by waste rock pile and minehead runoff of the abandoned mines in the Doma branch area. It is concluded that Mose mine and Sueun mine required treatment of acid mine drainage. and Wangdo, Jungwon, and Samwon mines were in need of mine tailing and erosion control work. The Samwon mine additionally required a control system for closed minehead runoff. Although the Samwon mine reached a high concentration of Al, Mn $Ca^{2+}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$ in the runoff, the levels decreased after it was combined with a tributary. It has been concluded that after further monitoring of the cause of pollution, a preventive measure system may be needed to be built.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 2012

Fine suspended solids from mine drainage draw attentions due to their potential adverse influences on the water quality, such as increasing turbidity and degrading aesthetic landscape. Currently, sand filter beds are adapted in some mine drainage treating systems. However, more efficient system is in demand, as the existing sand beds reveal some problems, such as frequent maintenance intervals. Various filtering mediums including fly ash, mine tailing aggregates and the sand were tested for improving the current system, using column experimental set-up. Mine drainage samples were collected from the current treating systems in the abandoned H coal mine. The experiment was run for 7 days. Suspended solids recorded as 100.9 mg/L and the value exceeds the current standard, 30 mg/L. Sand was proved to still be the optimum medium for the fine suspended solids, compared to fly ash and fly ash + sand. Mine tailing aggregates were placed at the exit of the columns, substituting gravels. The tailing aggregates is made by mine tailings and clay. Sand bed filters can also be improved by mixing granular activated carbon, which was found to be economical and efficient in the batch experiment, conducted at the same time.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2003

동명광산을 경유하는 수계의 pH는 5.9∼7.1의 변화를 보여 약산성 내지는 중성의 환경을 보인다. 하천수 중 중금속 원소함량의 분포는 자원소의 지구화학적 특성에 따라 다양한 분포 양상을 보이나 전반적으로 폐광산 주변에서 증가하는 경향을 보인다. 동명광산 지역의 광미, 폐석적치장토양, 농경지토양에 대한 성분분석 결과 농경지토양에는 중금속의 총 농토가 광미나 폐석적치장의 토양보다 훨씬 낮았을 뿐 아니라 총 중금속 농도 중 adsorbed, carbonate, reducible fraction들이 차지하는 비율이 낮아 이들이 농작물이나 주변 수계에 큰 영향을 미치지 못할 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 하천수중 중금속 원소함량 분포가 전반적으로 광산지역에서 증가하는 경향을 보이며, 광미나 폐석적치장 토양에서도 중금속의 총 농도가 매우 높았을 뿐 아니라 adsorbed, carbonate, reducible fractions들이 차지하는 비율이 농경지 보다 상대적으로 높았기 때문에 이들이 유실되거나 또는 산성우, 산성인 광산폐수의 유입 등으로 인해 화학적 환경변화가 발생할 경우 중금속 오염의 확산이 우려되므로 이에 대한 오염방지대책이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
• /
• pp.515-517
• /
• 2003

In order to assess the risk of adverse health effects on human exposure to arsenic and heavy metals influenced by past mining activities, environmental geochemical surveys were undertaken in the abandoned metal mine areas (Dongil Au-Ag-Cu-Zn, Okdong Cu-Pb-Zn, Songcheon Au-Ag, Dongjung Au-Ag-Pb-Zn, Dokok Au-Ag-Cu and Hwacheon Au-Ag-Pb-Zn mines). Arsenic and other heavy metals were highly elevated in the tailings from the Dongil, the Songcheon and the Dongjung mines. High concentrations of heavy metals except As were also found in tailings from the Okdong, the Dokok and the Hwacheon mines. These significant concentrations can impact on soils and waters around the tailing dumps. Risk compounds deriving from mine sites either constitute a toxic risk or a carcinogenic risk. The hazard index (H.I.) of As in the Dongil, the Okdong, the Songcheon and the Hwacheon mine areas was higher value more than 1.0. In the Okdong and the Songcheon mine areas, H.I. value of Cd exceeded 1.0. These values of As and Cd were the highest in the Songcheon mine area. Therefore, toxic risks for As and Cd exist via exposure (ingestion) of contaminated soil, groundwater and rice grain in these mine areas. The cancer risk for As in stream or ground water used for drinking water from the Songcheon, the Dongil, the Okdong, the Dongjung and the Hwacheon mine areas was 3E-3, 8E-4, 7E-4, 2E-4 and 1E-4, respectively.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
• /
• pp.743-747
• /
• 2005

In South Korea, about 900 metal mines have been abandoned, and about 88 million-t metal mine wastes have been discarded in recent years. The treatment of the tailings which are the main wastes in the abandoned metal mines becomes a social problem because they cause environmental pollution such as acidic waste water generation, groundwater contamination, and dust generation. Since almost whole quantities of the tailings have disposed by landfill now, the development of effective recycling methods for the tailings are strongly requested. It is expected that the fine tailings obtained by centrifugal separation process among the tailings can be utilized as admixture for cement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the micro-structure of cement mortar admixed with fine tailing. Various admixtures were made of Fine tailings and 2 Types of OPC, fly-ash and blast furnace slag. The hydration reactivity of cement mortar with FT was examined by Porosity, XRD and SEM morphology analysis. The anolytical result about hardened hydrates shows that waste fine tailing help hydrates none densified due to it,s filling-space, These densified effect is concluded with improving the resistance to attack of cement mortar including waste fine tailing.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.65-81
• /
• 1996

Friar Tuck 폐광산은 인디아나주 남서부 Tuck Greene-Sullivan 군 경계에 위치하고 있다. 현재 진행중인 복구작업이 시행되기 전, Friar Tuck 광상은 인디아나주 내에서 가장 규모가 크고 환경오염상태가 심각한 폐탄광중의 하나였다. 직접 식물재배법이 tailing ponds에 적용되었다. 버럭더미는 산성수의 오염을 막고 토양이 외부로 흘러 나가는 것을 방지하기 위해 표면을 고른 후 토양오염이 비교적 덜 된 흙으로 덮고 농업용 석회석, 화학비료 및 퇴비를 뿌려 풀 종자를 심었다. 사면의 침식방지를 최소화 하기 위하여 terrace, diversion ditch, 및 gabion structures가 설치도었다. 산성수 처리를 위하여 실내 및 광산현장에서 인회석을 이용한 새로운 방법이 실험되었다. 인회석은 산성수 본래의 pH를 유지하면서 철 및 알루미늄을 효과적으로 제거하였다. 광산폐기물에서 파생되는 산성수 내의 철 및 알루미늄의 농도가 높은 경우에도 이 방법을 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.316-322
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 도곡 광산의 광미 중 Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn의 용출 특성을 탐색하기 위해 수행하였으며, 환경에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 수용성과 0.1 M HCl 용출물을 대상으로 Batch 시험과 Column 시험을 실시하였다. Batch 시험에서 수용성 중금속은 Cd 2.31 mg/kg, Cu 129.38 mg/kg, Pb 17.17 mg/kg, Zn 287.53 mg/kg이었으며, 0.1H HCl 추출물은 Cd mg/kg, Cu mg/kg, Pb mg/kg, Zn mg/kg이었다. 수용성 중금속의 초기 용출농도는 Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd의 순이었으며, 수용성 중금속의 용출속도상수는 Pb > Cu > Cd > Zn의 순이었다. 0.1M HCl 추출물의 초기 용출농도는 Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd의 순이었으며, 용출속도상수는 Pb > Cd > Zn > Cu의 순이었다. 중금속의 용출속도는 주로 추출액과 광미의 물리적 화학적 특성에 따라 달라질 수 있으며, 이러한 결정 요소에 의하여 본 시험에서는 Pb의 용출속도가 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다. Column시험에서 수용성 중금속은 Cd과 Cu, Zn의 경우 2 pore volume에서 의사평형에 도달하였으나, Pb의 경우 10 pore volume에서 의사 평형에 도달하였다. 0.1 M HCl을 column에 통과시켰을 때 Cd, Cu, Zn은 1 pore volume에서 용출농도의 최대점을 나타냈으나, Pb은 5 pore volume에서 최대점을 나타내었으며, 이동속도는 Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb의 순으로 조사되었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.222-231
• /
• 2005

광산주변의 광해대책 없이 방치된 대부분의 잔류광미는 광산지역의 하류 농경지뿐만 아니라 재배 작물의 중금속 오염의 주원인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 폐금속광산의 중금속 오염 특성을 평가하기 위하여 국내 25개 광산 주변에서 채취한 광미를 대상으로 수용성, 산가용성 및 전함량 중금속을 분석 검토하였다. 광미 중 수용성 무기이온들의 함량은 ${SO_4}^{2-}>Ca^{2+}>Mn^{2+},\;Na^+,\;Al^{3+}>Mg^{2+},\;Fe^{3+}>Cl^-$ 순으로 높았으며, 특히 pH, EC, ${SO_4}^{2-}$ 및 $Ca^{2+}$ 함량은 광산별로 큰 편차를 보였다. 광미중의 중금속 전함량은 Cd 31.8, Cu 708, Pb 4,961, Zn 2,275 및 As 3,235 mg/kg이었고, 중금속 중 Cd, Zn 및 As는 우리나라 토양환경보전법의 토양오염대책 기준을 초과하였다. 광미 중 전함량에 대한 수용성 중금속 비율은 Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb > As 순으로 높게 나타나 토양 환경내에서 이동성이 높은 순위와 일치하였다. 또한 0.1M-HCl 산가용성 침출비율은 각각 Cd 17.4, Cu 10.2, Pb 6.5, Zn 6.8 및 As 11.4%(1M-HCl 추출성)이었고, 광미 중 중금속 전함량에 대한 수용성 함량비율은 화학성분 조성과 관련성이 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 광미중의 중금속 부화계수(EF)는 As > Pb > Cd > Cu > Zn 순이었고, 오염지순(PI)는 Au-Ag 광산이 다른 광산보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 광산 주변 광미의 중금속 부화계수와 오염지수를 근거로 볼 때 심각한 수준으로 중금속이 농집되어 있어 폐광산 주변의 주요 오염원은 광미를 포함한 광산폐기물로 판단할 수 있었다. 따라서 폐광산 주변에서 중금속을 다량 함유된 광미의 유실 및 강우에 의한 유출은 하부 수계 및 농경지에 심각한 문제를 야기 시키며,특히 산성 황화물을 함유하는 광산폐수는 산성배수를 일으켜 중금속 용출 부화를 가중시킬 수 있어 이에 대한 대책이 강구되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.6-12
• /
• 2007

Feasibility of laboratory-synthesized zerovalent iron was investigated to remove arsenic from leachates of tailings taken from an Au-Ag abandoned mine. The tailings were seriously contaminated with arsenic, and its potential adverse effect on the ecosystems around the mine seems to be significantly high. Long-term column experiments were conducted for about 3.5 months to evaluate the effectiveness of the synthesized zerovalent iron for removal of arsenic. Over than 95% removal efficiency of As was observed in the zerovalent iron mediated tests. In addition, the XRD data suggest that the corrosion products of ZVI were identified magnetite, maghemite, goethite, and lepidocrocite, all of which support Fe(II) oxidation as an intermediate step in the zerovalent iron corrosion process. The results indicate that arsenic can be removed from the tailing-leachate by the mechanism of coprecipitation and/or adsorption onto those iron oxides formed from ZVI corrosion.

• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제29권A호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2009

Stabilization treatment is one of processes for wastes and their components to reduce their toxicity and migration rates to surroundings. Inorganic binders such as calcium hydroxide, blast furnace slag and red mud were tested for their potential applicability to in-situ stabilization of heavy metal contaminated tailings in the abandoned metal mines. Columns(150mm dia. ${\times}$ 450mm length) filled with mixtures of inorganic binders and tailing from the Geumjang mine with various mixing ratios of binders to tailings, 5%, 7% and 9% were applied artificial rainfall tests for 28 days. Effluents from columns filled with calcium hydroxide and tailing showed high pH's of ~12.5 and a increasing trend of concentration in Pb and Zn with a significant decrease in permeability in terms of elapsed days. Those with burning slag and tailing showed pH's of ~8.5 and significantly low concentrations in heavy metals with a stable permeability. In case of red mud, effluents showed significantly low concentrations in heavy metals but a decreased permeability with pH's of ~10.5. Conclusively, this basic study suggests burning furnace slag be a potential stabilizer for effective treatment of heavy metal contaminated mine tailings.