• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare convenience food purchasing behaviors and food habits. The study, which asked surveyed 131 female college students in Daejeon, in 2011, on how they used nutrition labels. The subjects were divided into two groups, in terms of the way they checked examined nutrition labels: a "Check" group(n=62, 47.3%) and a "No check" group(n=69, 52.7%). Reasons given for not reading nutrition labelings were "a habit of buying" for 72.2%, and "too small or rude" for 19.1%. The "Check" group reported higher interest in nutrition(p<0.001) and hygiene(p<0.01) than the "No check" group. Those who used the labels had higher cereal(p<0.01) and vegetable(p<0.01) consumption and a lower intake of fast foods(p<0.05). But however, most of the subjects(65.6%) chose by taste, at the time they purchased the convenience foods. The subjects considered "expiry date"(n=87, 66.4%) to be more important information on food labels than "nutrient composition"(n=11, 8.4%). The number of products whose nutrition labels were checked by over 50% was five out of 12. In conclusion, our study suggests that proper use of nutrition labeling may improve food choices and enable healthy dietary practices. Further efforts are needed to provide the public with nutrition education programs on how to read nutrition labeling. Modifying nutrition labels to make them easier for the public to understand should also be considered.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2004

사료 지방의 종류에 따른 반추위 내 발효성상, 미생물 합성 효율 및 영양소 소화율을 조사하기 위하여 반추위와 십이지장에 누관이 설치된 4마리의 홀스타인 젖소를 4 ${\times}$ 4 라틴 방각법 대사실험을 수행하였다. 공시축들은 조사료 60% 및 농후사료 40% 비율의 완전혼합사료 형태로 급여하였다. 농후사료 내 지방원으로써 Megalac(MEG), 포름알데히드 처리 아마 종실(LIN), 어유와 포름알데히드 처리 아마종실 혼합(MIX; 50 : 50, oil basis), 그리고 농후사료 내 지방을 첨가하지 않고 아마유를 십이지장에 하루 500g 주입한 것(OIL)을 포함하여 총 4개의 처리구를 두었다. 반추위 pH는 OIL 처리구에서 가장 낮았으나(P < 0.05), Ammonia N 농도는 처리구들간 통계적 유의차가 없었다. Total VFA, acetate, propionate, iso-butyrate 및 iso-valerate 농도 또한 처리구들간 통계적 유의차이가 없었다. 반면에 butyrate와 valerate는 OIL 처리구에서 가장 높았고, MEG 처리구에서 가장 낮았다(P < 0.05). DM, OM, NDF 및 ADF 섭취량은 OIL 처리구에서 가장 낮았다(P < 0.01). 그러나, 십이지장으로의 영양소들의 flow, 반추위와 전장 소화율은 처리구들간에 통계적 유의차이가 없었다. 질소 (N) 섭취량은 OIL 처리구에서 가장 낮았다(P < 0.01). 십이지장으로의 total N, nonammonia N 및 microbial N flow는 처리구들간 통계적 유의차이가 없었다. 그리고, 미생물합성효율, ammonia N 및 total N의 반추위 및 전장 소화율 또한 처리구들간에 통계적 유의차이가 없었다. 따라서, 본 실험결과는 사료 내 6% 정도의 지방원료 첨가는 형태와 종류에 상관없이 반추위 발효성상, 미생물 합성 효율, 반추위 및 전장 내 영양소 이용효율을 감소 시키지 않음을 나타내고 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.989-995
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• 1996

체외순환을 이용한 개심술후 혈소판기능부전에 의한 비정상적인 출혈은 수술 사망율 및 이환율의 증가를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 체외순환시 aprotinin을 투여하여 임상적 지혈 및 혈소판기능보존에 대한 효과를 관찰하기 위해 인공판막치 환술을 받은 40명의 환자를 대상으로 low-dose aprotinln 투여군 20명, 대조군 20명으로 나누어 그 효과를 비교 분석하였다. Aprotinin 투여군에서 대조군에 비해 약 40%의 출혈감소(622.0$\pm$ 186m1 versus 1021 $\pm$483.5ml, p<0.01) 및 약 63%의 혈색소 손실(14.7 $\pm$6.8g versus 39.7$\pm$ 16.4g, p<0.01)을 줄일 수 있었으며 약 70%의 수혈감 소(197.7$\pm$ 56.3ml versus 651.2 $\pm$ 147.5ml, p<0.01) 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 투여 군에서 혈소판 응집 능이 효과적으로 보존되었다(P<0.05). 체외순환중 activated clotting time이 투여 군에서 연장되어 heparin의 항응고작용에 대해 상승효과가 있었으며 aprotinin의 투여와 관련된 합병증은 없었다. 이상의 결과에서 체외순환을 이용한 개심술에 있어서 low-dose aprotinin의 투여는 술후 출혈량 및 혈 액과 혈액제제의 사용감소에 효과가 있으며 이는 혈소판응집능의 효과적 \ulcorner보존에 의한 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.689-706
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of a nutrition education focused on Food Exchange System for the higher grades elementary children. Nutrition education lessons (40 min/lesson, 4 times), '5 major nutrients and functions', '6 food groups', 'daily needed energy and food exchange units', 'good choice of snacks and balanced exercise' were provided to elementary students (5th grade students). This research was based on the data from two groups of elementary school children in the 'education' group (n = 31) and 'non-education' group (n = 31). We assessed the changes in dietary attitude, food habit and nutrition knowledge using questionnaire and nutrient intake using 24hr recall method by nutrition education using the developed pamphlet. After education, there was a significant difference in the dietary attitude score only in attitude of 'balanced meal' (p < 0.001) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In food habit, there were significant positive changes in the type of breakfast and in the priority of choosing snack in the educated group. In nutrition knowledge, there were significant increases in scores of 'function of carbohydrate' (p < 0.05), 'function of fat' (p < 0.01), 'function of vitamin' (p < 0.01), 'foods of carbohydrate' (p < 0.01), and 'foods of vitamin' (p < 0.01) in the educated group. After education, carbohydrate: protein: fat (CPF) ratio was significantly different between the two groups (education group, 59 : 16 : 26 vs. non-education group, 63 : 15 : 23). In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), there were significant positive effects in energy (p < 0.05), thiamin (p < 0.05), riboflavin (p < 0.05), vitamin C (p < 0.05), phosphorus (p < 0.01), Fe (p < 0.01) and zinc (p < 0.01) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In conclusion, the developed 4 times' nutritional education pamphlet focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using food exchange system for higher grades' elementary student may positively change nutrition knowledge and dietary intakes.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to biomechanical analysis Judo's Kuzushi throwing motion in order to increase the effectiveness of Nage-waja(throwing technique). The Tori was a Judo player with 18 years experience(4th degree) while the Uke was a player with 2 years experience(1st degree). The kinematic data was captured using the Vicon motion system (7 cameras) and the kinetics were recorded by force plates(2 AMTI). The following were the results; While leaning to the front the subject's trunk's angle was $14.5^{\circ}$, the lower limbs angle was $23.8^{\circ}$, knee angle was $179.6^{\circ}$ and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 325.42N(BW 0.34) and the right leg was 233.7N(BW 0.47). While leaning back the subject's trunk's angle was $11.3^{\circ}$, the lower limbs angle was $4.1^{\circ}$, knee angle was $1761^{\circ}$ and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 299.53N(BW 0.43) and the right leg was 441.7N(BW 0.64). While leaning to the left the subject's trunk's angle was $30.8^{\circ}$, the lower limbs angle was $2.7^{\circ}$, knee angle was $175.2^{\circ}$ and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 711N(BW 1.03) and the right leg was 9.2N(BW 0.01). While leaning to the right the subject's trunk's angle was $36.5^{\circ}$, the lower limbs angle was $10.4^{\circ}$, knee angle was $175.2^{\circ}$ and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 13.2N(BW 0.02) and the right leg was 694.7N(BW 1.01). While leaning to the left front corner the subject's trunk's angle was $19.8^{\circ}$ (front) and $15.1^{\circ}$ (left), the lower limbs angle was $17.8^{\circ}$ (front) and $2.4^{\circ}$ (left), knee angle was $177.8^{\circ}$ (front) and $173.9^{\circ}$(left), and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 547.4N(BW 0.8) and the right leg was 117.8N(BW 0.17). While leaning to the right front corner the subject's trunk's angle was $15.4^{\circ}$ (front) and $17.7^{\circ}$ (right), the lower limbs angle was $21.1^{\circ}$, (front) and $5.7^{\circ}$ (right), knee angle was $175.5^{\circ}$ (front) and $178.9^{\circ}$(right), and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 53N(BW 0.08) and the right leg was 622.4N(BW 09). While leaning to the left rear corner the subject's trunk's angle was $9.2^{\circ}$ (back) and $13.8^{\circ}$ (left), the lower limbs angle was $2^{\circ}$, (back) and $5.7^{\circ}$ (left), knee angle was $175.5^{\circ}$ (back) and $172.8^{\circ}$(left), and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 698.2N(BW 1.02) and the right leg was 49.6N(BW 0.07). While leaning to the right rear corner the subject's trunk's angle was $8.9^{\circ}$ (back) and $19.6^{\circ}$ (right), the lower limbs angle was ${0.6^{\circ}}_"$ (back) and $3.1^{\circ}$ (right), knee angle was $174.6^{\circ}$ (back) and $175.6^{\circ}$(right), and the vertical reaction of the left leg was 7.2N(BW 0.01) and the right leg was 749.4N(BW 1.09). It was observed that during the Judo motion Kuzushii the range of the COM varied from $26.5{\sim}39.9cm$. It was concluded that the upper body leaned further than the lower body as there was knee extension. There was high left leg reaction forces while leaning to the left and likewise for the right side. It was therefore deduced that the Kuzushi was a more effective throwing technique for the left side.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2022

이 연구는 긴몰개의 난발생과 자치어 형태발달을 관찰하여 초기생활사를 규명하고자 실시하였다. 연구에 사용된 긴몰개는 2021년 6월 경북 의성군에 위치한 낙동강 수계 위천으로 유입되는 지류에서 포획하였다. 인공수정을 위해 호르몬 Ovaprim은 kg당 0.5 mL 농도로 주사하였고, 주사 후 12시간 후에 채란하였다. 성숙란의 크기는 0.80~0.85 mm (0.83±0.01 mm, n=30)였고, 수온 22±1℃에서 부화 소요시간은 62시간 30분에서 69시간이 소요되었다. 부화 직후 자어크기는 전장 2.39~2.53 mm (2.44±0.04 mm, n=30)였고, 부화 후 18일째 후기자어는 전장 8.51~9.84 mm (8.95±0.42 mm, n=30)로 척추 끝부분이 완전히 휘어지면서 후기자어로 이행하였다. 부화 후 22일째 치어는 전장 12.6~13.6 mm (13.0±0.36 mm, n=30)로 지느러미 기조 수는 등지느러미 iii7개, 뒷지느러미 i7개로 정수에 달했다. 긴몰개는 난 및 부화자어 크기는 점몰개와 유사하였고, cupulae는 유연종들 가운데 가장 늦게 소실되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2001

These studies were performed to investigate the effect of antioxidants, melatonin (MLT) and ascorbic acid (AA), on the diabetic complications. In the experiment, twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Group 1: no treatment (control) (n=6), Group 2: Streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg b.w. ip) treatment (n=6), Group 3: MLT (10 mg/kg b.w. ip) treatment (n=6), Group 4: ascorbic acid (AA: 40 mg/kg b.w.ip) treatment (n=6). Rats were sacrificed and collected designated samples (blood, kidney, pancreas) at the 21 days after antioxidant treatment (the 8th week after STZ injection). There was no significant change of body weight during the experiment period in the all groups. The concentration of blood glucose was decreased below 200 mg/dl in MLT. The concentration of HbA$_1$c level was decreased significantly in MLT (7.3$\pm$0.66%) compared with STZ (15.1$\pm$1.58%) (p<0.01). No significant change of SOD activity in the RBC and kidney was found in the all groups. In the pancreas, MLT (1.42$\pm$0.17 U/ml) and AA(1.65$\pm$0.16 U/ml) decreased SOD activity compared with STZ (4.10$\pm$0.27 U/ml). However, there was no significant difference among MLT and AA. The level of malondialdehyde(MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxydation was decreased in MLT compared with STZ in the plasma, kidney and pancreas(p<0.01). These findings suggest that melatonin could prevent the complications of diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.464-472
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• 2022

Background: Gut microbiota influence the central nervous system through gut-brain-axis. They also affect the neurological disorders. Gut microbiota differs in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a potential factor that leads to progression of AD. Oral intake of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) improves the cognitive functions. Therefore, it can be proposed that KRG affect the microbiota on the gut-brain-axis to the brain. Methods: Tg2576 were used for the experimental model of AD. They were divided into four groups: wild type (n = 6), AD mice (n = 6), AD mice with 30 mg/kg/day (n = 6) or 100 mg/kg/day (n = 6) of KRG. Following two weeks, changes in gut microbiota were analyzed by Illumina HiSeq4000 platform 16S gene sequencing. Microglial activation were evaluated by quantitative Western blot analyses of Iba-1 protein. Claudin-5, occludin, laminin and CD13 assay were conducted for Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation demonstrated through Aβ 42/40 ratio was accessed by ELISA, and cognition were monitored by Novel object location test. Results: KRG improved the cognitive behavior of mice (30 mg/kg/day p < 0.05; 100 mg/kg/day p < 0.01), and decreased Aβ 42/40 ratio (p < 0.01) indicating reduced Aβ accumulation. Increased Iba-1 (p < 0.001) for reduced microglial activation, and upregulation of Claudin-5 (p < 0.05) for decreased BBB permeability were shown. In particular, diversity of gut microbiota was altered (30 mg/kg/day q-value<0.05), showing increased population of Lactobacillus species. (30 mg/kg/day 411%; 100 mg/kg/day 1040%). Conclusions: KRG administration showed the Lactobacillus dominance in the gut microbiota. Improvement of AD pathology by KRG can be medicated through gut-brain axis in mice model of AD.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2020

본 연구는 만성 허리통증환자의 라이프 케어 증진을 위해 중추성과 말초성 자극에 따른 감각변화의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 12명의 만성 허리통증환자는 중추성 자극군(central stimulation, CS, n=6)과 말초성 자극군(peripheral stimulation, PS, n=6)으로 무작위 할당하여 정량적감각검사(QST), 압력통각역치(PPT) 그리고 요통기능장애지수(ODI)를 정량적으로 측정 및 분석하였다. 연구결과, QST, PPT 그리고 ODI는 시기별 유의한 차이를 나타냈으나(p<.01) 두 군 간의 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 따라서, 두 자극 모두 통증으로 인해 민감해진 근육의 감각역치 증가와 기능개선에 유의한 효과를 보여 만성 허리통증환자를 위한 라이프케어 증진에 상당한 의미가 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2004

In order to discuss the availability of hydrostatic guideways driven by the coreless linear motor to ultra precision machine tools, a prototype of guideway is designed and tested in this research. A coreless linear DC motor with the continuous force of 156 N and a laser scale with the resolution of 0.01 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ are used as the feeding system. The experiments are performed on the static stuffiness, motion accuracy, positioning accuracy, microstep response and variation of velocity. The guideway has the infinite axial stillness within 50 N of applied load, and by the motion error compensation method using the Active Controlled Capillary, 0.08 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of linear motion error and 0.1 arcsec of angular motion error are acquired. The guideway also has 0.21 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of positioning error and 0.09 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of repeatability, and it shows the stable response against the 0.01 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ resolution step command. The velocity variation of feeding system is less than 0.6 %. From these results, it is confirmed that the hydrostatic guideway driven by the coreless linear motor is very useful fur the ultra precision machine tools.