• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.744-752
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• 2014

There are many causes of oral mucosal diseases, so accordingly, there are various treatments available. The most commonly used agents include adrenocortical hormones, antifungals, antivirals, antibacterials, and immunosuppressants. However, it must also be noted that improving oral hygiene and nutrition, and reducing stress are effective in symptom relief. Furthermore, patients with existing diseases of the oral mucosa should avoid behavior that may cause an increase in pain. Unfortunately, many patients are unaware of the activities that may lead to increased pain and therefore do not avoid these activities. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the behavior of patients with oral mucosal disease with regard to activities that led to increase pain. This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of patients with oral mucosal disease selected from the Oral Medicine Clinic of the Pusan National Hospital during March to August 2013. These patients were randomly selected. From a total of 479 patients, 116 patients with mucosal disease were selected and 73 fully completed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data were collected by using self-completed questionnaires. The results were as follows: Mean score of Question 13 (Not smoking) is $2.47{\pm}1.11$. Mean score of Question 11 (Not drinking alcohol or not using mouthwash containing alcohol) is $2.22{\pm}1.15$. The other questions resulted in scores lower than 1.5. The answers to the questions were scored according to the following assigned numerical values: not keeping = score of 0; little keeping = score of 1; often keeping = score of 2; always keeping = score of 3. In conclusion, patients with oral mucosal diseases unknowingly engage in activities that result in an increase in pain. Therefore, they need to be educated about how to behave to protect oral mucosal lesion.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.49-59
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was designed to understand the oral health fact of high school students, search for an education method and learning goal appropriate for the subjects, and utilize them as basic data to think of effective solutions for oral health care. Methods: The samples to achieve the purpose of this research are composed of 386 students in J industrial high school, OO city, Kyounggido, the number of male students 286, and female students 100. Data were statistically analyzed by frequency analysis, cross tabulation by using SPSS WIN Ver. 12.0. Results: First, The answers in terms of oral symptoms were in the order of 31.8% for gum hurt and bleeding, 31.4% for pain in teeth by drinking or eating hot and cold drinks or food, 27.1% for broken or cracked teeth, 25.7% for aching and throbbing teeth, 20.6% for unpleasant mouth smell, and 5.7% for pain of tongue and soft oral tissues. Second, In terms of behavior for oral health, 88.4% answered that they consume cariogenic snacks, while 29.2% of them, 2.5% of male and 6.3% of female enjoy consuming them but hardly brush their teeth after consumption. Third, In terms of timing for brushing teeth, the results show that 50.0% do so before breakfast, 47.9% after breakfast, 15.2% after lunch, 36.9% after dinner, 65.5% before going to sleep, and 3.5% after consuming snacks, whereas 64.2% answered that they are not aware of fluorine mouthwash. Fourth, In terms of oral health condition. proportion of children with one or more caries in permanent teeth was 71.0%, while 51.4% have $2{\sim}3$ cariogenic teeth, and 16.8% have more than 4 cariogenic teeth. Considering sex, female students have somewhat higher ratio showing 68.5% for male and 78.0% for female, but the ratio was 53.1% for male and 46.7% for female in case of $2{\sim}3$ cariogenic teeth, and 17.5% for male and 15.8% for female in case of more than 4 cariogenic teeth. 9.3% of students turned out to have decayed teeth. Fifth, In terms of oral hygiene condition, only 7.9% of them had excellent condition, and 38.4% need to improve. More specifically, 41.1% of male students and 30.6% of female students need to improve their oral hygiene condition. Conclusions: The study results suggest that School Dental health programs increase and need to be community-incorporated and comprehensive from elementary to high school.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the use of dental hygiene devices in Korean adolescents. Methods: The study subjects were 70,362 adolescents in 800 schools who completed the 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey. Dependent variables included usage of dental floss, interdental brushes and mouthwash solutions. Independent variables included demographic characteristics of the subjects, health state and behaviors, and oral health behaviors and experience of oral diseases. Results: The related factors of usage of dental hygiene devices included gender, where females showed higher usage (OR=1.10) compared to males, father and mother's level of education where usage was higher in above university graduates (OR=1.20, OR=1.14) compared to less than high school graduation, economic status where usage was higherin high and middle (OR=1.93, OR=1.26) compared to low, vigorous physical activity where usage was higher in those who responded yes (OR=1.35) compared to no, subjective weight recognition where usage was higher in normal (OR=1.07) compared to under weight, sleep time where usage was higher in enough (OR=1.12) compared to not enough, number of toothbrushing (day) where usage was higher in 2 times or over 3 times (OR=1.35, OR=1.75) compared to below 1, oral health education experience (OR=1.10), sealant experience (OR=1.17) and scaling experience (OR=1.45) where usage was higher in those who responded yes compared to no, school where usage was lower in high school (OR=0.64) compared to middle school, residential type where usage was lower in rural area (OR=0.74) compared to metropolitan area, living form where usage was lower in other (OR=0.77), compared to with family, smoking (OR=0.93), and alcohol drinking (OR=0.90) where usage was lower in those who engage in the activities compared to those who didn't, BMI where usage was lower in normal (OR=0.87) and over weight (OR=0.98) compared to under weight. Conclusions: To expand the use of dental hygiene devices in the adolescents, it is necessary to improve the continuing education program for need and motivation of dental hygiene device usage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1072-1078
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• 2021

The oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans is considered a major causative agent of dental caries in humans. The use of dental hygiene products, including toothpaste and mouthwash, is used for caries control. However, food intake can lead to the recurrence of oral microorganisms. This study aimed to explore why this bacterium dies so quickly during prolonged incubation and to assess whether this growth characteristic is closely associated with the secretion of metabolic products. Notably, the number of live S. mutans cells rapidly declined after 24 hr during the entire period tested, whereas the number of Escherichia coli cells, an indicator strain, remained steady over the same period. To test whether the S. mutans supernatants contained possible signals that accelerated the death of neighbor cells, we obtained the individual supernatants at the above time points. Following pH neutralization, the cells in which the supernatant was supplemented with glucose grew well. However, pH adjustment alone could not fully recover cell growth in conditions in which the supernatant was supplemented, with or without glucose. These phenotypes of S. mutans may be associated with signaling, not only resulting from nutrient depletion. The findings on the survival phenotype of S. mutans provide new insights into cell-cell communication in the biology of this bacterium.