• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.403-409
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the relationship between optimistic bias about health crisis and health behavior of Korean adults in a crisis of health, and to prepare baseline data for developing a health education and promotion program. Methods: Study subjects were 595 aged from 19 to 64 who live in Korea. Data were collected through questionnaires administered by one interviewer. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient were calculated using the SPSS program. Results: The average score for optimistic bias about health crisis was 2.69, and that for health behavior was 107.05. The optimistic bias about health crisis showed a significantly positive correlation with health behavior (r=.187, p=.000). Conclusion: To make our results more useful, it is necessary to identity the causal relationship between health attitudes as an explanatory variable and optimistic bias as an outcome variable. In addition, a relatively low score in optimistic bias from this research compared to other studies must be explained through further studies considering unique Korean cultural background. Moreover, research of the relationship between optimistic bias about health crisis and health behavior looking at people who don't have good health behaviors is needed.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1236-1239
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• 2009

Each LCD TFT panel requires a power supply IC on the panel board. The IC provides the power rails for the timing controller, source and gated driver IC and others. The industry trend moves towards higher integrated devices. The challenge for the panel manufacturer is the development and implementation of such an IC in cooperation with the semiconductor supplier. If not done carefully the solution will not reduce the overall solution cost or can't provide the expected performance and reliability. This paper discusses the key considerations to successfully develop and integrate a highly integrated LCD bias IC into the system.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2008

In this paper we proposed a new source-drain structure for N-type MOSFET which can suppress the output resistance reduction of a device in saturation region due to soft break down leakage at high drain voltage when the gate is biased around relatively low voltage. When a device is generally used as a switch at high gate bias the current level is very important for the operation. but in electronic circuit like an amplifier we should mainly consider the output resistance for the stable voltage gain and the operation at low gate bias. Hence with T-SUPREM simulator we designed devices that operate at low gate bias and high gate bias respectively without a extra photo mask layer and ion-implantation steps. As a result the soft break down leakage due to impact ionization is reduced remarkably and the output resistance increases about 3 times in the device that operates at the low gate bias. Also it is expected that electronic circuit designers can easily design a circuit using the offered N-type MOSFET device with the better output resistance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1231-1240
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• 2021

A shift in perspective from standard finance to behavioral finance has taken place in the past two decades that explains how cognition and emotions are associated with financial decision making. This study aims to investigate the influence of various psychological factors on investment decision-making. The psychological factors that are investigated are differentiated into two aspects, cognitive and emotional aspects. From the cognitive aspect, we examine the influence of anchoring, representativeness, loss aversion, overconfidence, and optimism biases on investor decisions. Meanwhile, from the emotional aspect, the influence of herding behavior on investment decisions is analyzed. A quantitative approach is used based on a survey method and a snowball sampling that result in 165 questionnaires from individual investors in Yogyakarta. Further, we use the One-Sample t-test in testing all hypotheses. The research findings show that all of the variables, anchoring bias, representativeness bias, loss aversion bias, overconfidence bias, optimism bias, and herding behavior have a significant effect on investment decisions. This result emphasizes the influence of behavioral factors on investor's decisions. It contributes to the existing literature in understanding the dynamics of investor's behaviors and enhance the ability of investors in making more informed decision by reducing all potential biases.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 1978

If two inspectors classify items in a lot into m classes, it is possible that each of them makes wrong classification in some cases, thus causing bias. Expressions have been obtained for the limits of this bias in estimating the proportion of the different classes. From the results of the classification they obtained limit for the estimates of Proportions have been worked out, based on assumption regarding the magnitudes of probabilities of misclassification. Now we suppose that $P_{ti}{\;}(t=1.2)$ is the probability that t the inspector classifies correctly an item in class $A_i$ and $q_{tji}$ is the probability that he misclassifies in $A_j$ an item actually belonging to $A_i$, therefor, $P_{ti}+ \sum\limits_{j{\neq}i}q_{tji}=1$ An estimate for the proportion $P_k$ of the class $A_k$ in the lot would be $\hat{P}_k=r_{kk}+(\frac{1}{2})\sum\limits_{j{\neq}k}r_{kj}+r_{jk}$ The % Bias in proportion $\hat{P}_k$ is $\frac{E(\hat{P}_k)-P_k}{P_k}{\times}100$

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2000

By using thermal desorption/gas chromatograph/flame ionization detector(TD/GC/FID), this study was carried out to evalute an accuracy and a precision on Benzene(B), Toluene(T), o-Xylene(X) analysis in an industrial hygiene laboratory. Limits of detection of TD/GC/FID on B, T, X were showed 13.75ng/sample or less. For the accuracy of the method by concentration levels, overall bias was showed 7.7% as an absolute value, and the pooled coefficient of variation showed 3.51%. For the precision on repeatability of peak area and retention time between within-run and between-run of analytical system, it is showed the results of within-run gave better than those of between-run. Also the accuracy by sorbents(Tenax TA and Chromosorb 106)was evaluated, and the precision on reproducibility between MDHS72 and this study was compared. It is showed it is possible for TD/GC/FID to evaluate accurately B, T, X concentration levels of less than 1ppm at indoor or outdoor of workplaces in Korea.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 1999

PECVD 방법에 의하여 제작된 수소화된 비정질 탄소박막에서 측정 전압에 따른 전기전도도의 급격한 변화와 시간에 따른 전류의 이완 현상을 관측하였다. 이 현상은 Hammer 등에 의해 four-probe 측정과 샌드위치형 전극 시료에 대해서 측정한 것과 동일하였다. 본 연구에서는 "높은 전압에서 전자가 트랩에 포획될 확률이 작아진다"는 가정 하에서 정성적이지만 전기전도도의 측정 전압 의존에 관한 세 가지 현상이 비교적 잘 설명됨을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2003

Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BONT/A) is an extremely potent toxin, which is produced by Clostridium botulinum. The light chain of this protein (BONT/A LC), which is known as a zinc endopeptidase, cleaves SNAP-25 involved in the exocytosis process. In this work, the expression of recombinant BoNT/A LC in E. coli is described. The BONT/A LC gene of C. botulinum contains a high frequency of the arginine AGA and isoleucine ATA codons that are rarely used in genes of E. coli, hampering the translation of recombinant protein. The argD and ilex tRNA genes were cloned into pACYC184 vector, resulting in pAAD131X plasmid. The translational stress of the toxin gene related to codon bias was reversed by fupplernentation of the AGA arginyl tRNA of T4 phage and AUA isoleucyl tRNA of E. coli. This system may be applicable for the expression of a variety of AT-rich heterologous genes in E. coli.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.398-404
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• 2017

In order to study the AC driving mechanism for OLED lighting, the fluorescent OLEDs were fabricated and the electroluminescent characteristics of the OLEDs by AC forward bias were analyzed. In the case of the driving method of OLED by AC forward bias under the same voltage and the same current density, degradation of luminescent characteristics for elapsed time progressed faster than in the case of the driving method by DC bias. These phenomena were caused by the peak voltage of AC forward bias which is ${\sqrt{2}}$ times higher than the DC voltage. In addition, the degradation of the OLED was accelerated because the AC forward bias had come close to the upper limit of the allowable voltage range even though the peak voltage didn't exceed the allowable range of the OLED. However, the fabricated fluorescent OLED showed little degradation of OLED characteristics due to AC forward bias from 0 V to 6.04 V. Therefore, OLED lighting by AC driving will become commercialized if sufficient luminance is realized at a voltage at which the characteristics of the OLED are not degradation by the AC driving method.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2015

Conoscopic holography, which consists of two linear polarizers and two wave plates, and an uniaxial crystal, is incoherent holographic technology for three-dimensional display. In the uniaxial crystal, the wave from object divides into extraordinary and ordinary waves and phase difference between two waves is caused by the different refractive index of two waves. Four intensity patterns, which are made by phase difference, are obtained using LCLV(liquid crystal light valve) and conoscopic holography system. By combining four intensity patterns, the complex hologram without bias and conjugate image. In this paper, we propose the optimized system, which consists of a wave plate and a linear polarizer, and uniaxial crystal. In the proposed system, it doesn't need LCLV. By adjusting the azimuth angle of a linear polarizer and a wave plate, we derive four intensity patterns in recording plane. We demonstrate theoretically that the complex hologram with bias and a conjugate image is obtained using the proposed system.