• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제4집
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• pp.395-411
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• 2001

Die $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ spielen beim Erwerb einer Sprache eine wesentliche Rolle. Es gibt inzwischen mehrere Deutsch-Koreanische $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$. Die Lage $f\"{u}r$ die Koreanisch-Deutschen $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ ist aber verbesserungs- $bed\"{u}rftig$. Stellvertretend $f\"{u}r$ das Koreanisch/Deutsche $W\"{o}rterbuch$ steht das 1981 von der Koreanischen Gesellschaft $f\"{u}r$ Germanistik nach $zehnj\"{a}hriger$ Arbeit fertiggestellte Essence Koreanisch-Deutsche $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ (Minjung seorim 1982). Dieses $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ weist aber einige Nachteilen auf. Es fehlen jegliche Angaben zum Korpus. Man $st\"{o}{\ss}t$ beispielsweise oft auf selten gebrauchte $W\"{o}rter$, die Grundbedeutungen sind nicht erkennbar, die Erklarungen sind ungenau, manchmal sogar $irref\"{u}hrend\;und\;schlie{\ss}lich$ mitunter stilistisch falsch. Diese negativen Punkte wirken sich $ung\"{u}nstig$ auf den gesamten Lemprozess bis hin zur Lemmotivation aus. Aus diesen Gegebenheiten $erw\"{a}chst$ die Notwendigkeit der Erstellung eines neuen $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$s, das auf die Situation von Sprachlemem abgestimmt ist, die zur Benutzung einsprachiger $W\"{o}rterbticher$ noch nicht imstande sind. Zweck des $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}chs$ ist der Einsatz im Fremdsprachenunterricht, woraus sich ein zweisprachiges $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ ergibt. Als Benutzerkreis werden insbesondere $Sprachlemanf\"{a}nger$ des Koreanischen und Deutschen ins Auge gefasst. Ihnen soll ein Nachschlagewerk an die Hand gegeben werden, das den koreanischen und deutschen Wortschatz anhand einer Systematik und eines alphabetischen Indexes der jeweiligen Sprache $erschlie{\ss}t$. Ais Zahl der Lemmata wird $f\"{u}r$ jede Sprache ca. 10,000 festgelegt. Ein Grundwortschatz, der die 3000 $h\"{a}ufigsten\;W\"{o}rter$ umfasst wird extra markiert. $Dar\"{u}ber$ hinaus bietet das $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ den darauf aufbauende Wortschatz von weiteren 7000 $W\"{o}rtern$. Die Teamarbeit der beiden Gruppen von Muttersprachlern steht in allen Arbeitsschritten im Vordergrund. Der damit verbundene Zweck ist die Erzielung der maximalen Genauigkeit der $Lemmaerkl\"{a}rungen$. Da dieses $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ ein $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ch$ nach Sachgruppen ist, die Erstellung einer Systematik von $gro{\ss}er$ Bedeutung. $F\"{u}r$ das vorliegende Projekt gait daher eine Systematik zu finden, die nicht nur leicht nachvollziehbar, also praktikabel ist, sondern insbesondere von Benutzern aus zwei Kulturkreisen akzeptiert werden kann. Als $grunds\"{a}tzliche$, allerdings nicht in allen Bereichen $gleicherma{\ss}en$ anwendbare Ordnungsprinzipien gelten: Vom Oberbegriff zum Unterbegriff, vom allgemein zum speziell, vom Einfach zum Komplexen, von $au{\ss}en$ nach innen, Darin spiegelt sich das Prinzip der 'notwendigen Bedingung' wider.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.573-578
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• 2014

최근 세계가 고령화 사회로 진입함에 따라 U-Healthcare 서비스가 새롭게 각광받고 있다. 이러한 U-Healthcare 서비스가 발전하기 위해서는 U-Healthcare 환경에 최적화된 보안 솔루션이 요구된다. 그러나 U-Healthcare 환경은 기존 보안 솔루션의 적용이 어렵고 표준이 부재한 상황에 있다. 이러한 시점에서 안전한 U-Healthcare 환경을 구축하기 위해 데이터의 기밀성을 보장하는 목적으로 신체정보를 이용한 암호화키 생성방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.4327-4331
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• 2011

A new method in thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) was developed to correct peak tailing backgrounds in the isotope ratio measurements of uranium in ultra trace levels for higher accuracy. Two different uranium standard reference materials (U005 and U030) were used to construct databases of signal intensities at mass 234 u and mass 236 u, which correspond to the two uranium minor isotopes, and signal intensity of $^{238}U$. Correlations between peak tailing backgrounds and $^{238}U$ were obtained by least-squares regression on calculated backgrounds at mass 234 u and mass 236 u with respect to the signal intensity of $^{238}U$ followed by separation of the peak tails of the two major isotopes of uranium ($^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$), which enables us to obtain a master equation for peak tailing background correction on all kinds of samples. Verification of the correction method was carried out using U010 and IRMM-040a.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2014

This study investigated whether Korean vowels, /ɨ/ and /u/, are distinctively perceived after a labial consonant given the fact that native and Sino-Korean nouns showed only vowel /u/ after a labial consonant while this pattern was massively broken by the recent introduction of loanwords. For this purpose, a perception experiment was conducted with $V_1C_1V_2$ sequences in which different vowels /a, i, u/ and consonants /p, t, k/ occurred in $V_1$ and $C_1$ before the target $V_2$, /ɨ/ and /u/. The data was produced by six speakers each from two different age groups, Age20 and Age40/50 in the read speech style. The results showed that consonant /p/ attracted significantly more responses of /u/ from /VCɨ/ sequences and significantly less responses of /u/ from /VCu/ sequence than the other consonants did in both age groups. Furthermore, Age20 group showed significantly less percentage of /u/ responses than Age40 group when the preceding consonant was /p/ regardless of the target vowel. We suggest therefore that unlike the traditional belief of labial assimilation, there is neutralization after a labial consonant in which vowels /ɨ/ and /u/ are often realized as any sound between two vowels, /ɨ/ and /u/. That is, this vowel change is not categorial but it rather produces an ambiguous stimulus which attracts different responses from different listeners. Ambiguous stimulus was produced due to coarticulatory efforts in speech production and perceptual compensation. We also argue that there is generational difference such that Age40/50 group speakers showed stronger tendency to produce /u/ after a labial consonant regardless of whether the target vowel was /ɨ/ or /u/.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2010

The realization of u-City is coming near in some local governments by applying various city services, namely, u-City services to the city construction field to improve competitiveness of the city. But it is a reality that some local governments are experiencing many trial and errors in application of the u-City service in addition to the problem posing that the u-City service is not considering characteristics of development or application environment of an individual city. The present research proposes a service model for on-site application of the u-City service to solve this problem. The proposed model suggests a method for specifically conceptualizing and objectifying the on-site application that the existing concept-oriented model or an architecture-oriented model, etc. didn't provide. The verification system on effectiveness or effects of the u-City service model to remove ambiguity on the u-City service especially. The verification system of the u-City service model grasps the technology, function, procedure and target, etc. that the u-City service contains, evaluates whether the model satisfies conditions that the model should have, and secures objectivity and predictability of the u-City service model through confirmation on propriety, implementation and effectiveness, etc.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.151-199
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• 1992

A study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, one of the most widely-known Korean medicine books, has been conducted and the findings are as follows:the political and social background at the end of Yi-dynasty amidst the inflow of western civilization and the aggression of foreign forces can be seen as a historical period of trial, when civilization and independence had to be preserved at the same time, during the period, the social trend was to pursue a rapid practical solution rather than a profound theory. Responding to this trend, simple and easy medical science became to prevailand the representative medicine book of this kind was Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. 1. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n was written comprising the characteristics of simple and easy medical science with a view to popularizing-collection of logics, easy readability, medical science in time, etc. 2. Bang Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, rich and grand in content, came out of Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam at the right moment as a pragmatic guide book of Korea medical practice symbolizing Korean spirit. 3. Do-yun Whang whose pen name was Hye-Am was born in Changwon, Kyungnam-do as the 18th descendant of Changwon Whang family. He engaged in medical practice in Seoul and wrote and edited Boo-Bang-Py$\breve{u}$n-Ram. $\breve{U}$i-Jong-Son-Ik, $\breve{U}$i-J$\breve{u}$ng-Son-Ik-Bu-Yeo, $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whan-Tu, ect. and made his son, Pil-Su follow him and let him edit Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, which put $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu and Son-Ik-Bon-Cho together. 4. The construct of Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n can be subdivied into three parts: herbs of 34 classes and 514 kinds were arranged on the upper part and $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu was arranged on the middle end lower part. Such arrangement can be very effective in clinics. 5. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n as a curative book of Korean medical science has been a necessary another ego for many Korean medical practioners. It also played a great role of enhancing Korean oriental medical science to be widely used by Koreans. On the other hand, it produced a side effect of emergence of employed medical practioner who lacked in scholastic aptitude. 6. Tens or newly edited Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n have been issued. Among them, Jung-Jeong, Bang-Yak-Hap-py$\breve{u}$n, J$\breve{u}$ng-Mak-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, and By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Jung-Jeon have been widely known. Lately, Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n which includes more symptoms and remedies or is translated into Korean came out in several kinds. 7. The number of korea classical medicinal books quoted in Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n is 68, among which Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam Occupies the top in the list enlisting 69 medicinal treatment. This Shows that Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam gave birth to Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n.

• 의료법학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.165-194
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• 2014

Der Vertrag zwischen dem Arzt und seinem Patienten wird als Auftrag im Sinne des ${\S}680$ KBGB qualifiziert. Dem Arzt erwachsen innerhalb dieses Behandlungsvertrages zahlreiche Pflichten, von denen ein gro${\ss}$er Teil durch Richterrecht geschaffen wurde. Den Arzt treffen z.B. Behandlungspflicht, Informationspflicht ${\ddot{u}}$ber die Behandlung, Aufkl${\ddot{a}}$rungspflicht ${\ddot{u}}$ber einwilligungspflichtige Umst$\ddot{a}$nde, Dokumentationspflicht, Schweigepflicht. Der Arzt ist nach Rechtsprechung und Literatur verpflichtet, den Patienten ${\ddot{u}}$ber s${\ddot{a}}$mtliche f${\ddot{u}}$r die Einwilligung wesentlichen Umst${\ddot{a}}$nde aufzukl${\ddot{a}}$ren, insbesondere ${\ddot{u}}$ber Art, Umfang, Durchf${\ddot{u}}$hrung, zu erwartende Folgen und spezifische Risiken der Ma${\ss}$nahme, die Notwendigkeit, Dringlichkeit und Eignung der Ma${\ss}$nahme zur Diagnose oder zur Therapie und uber die Erfolgsaussichten der Ma${\ss}$nahme im Hinblick auf die Diagnose oder Therapie. Mu${\ss}$ der Arzt den Patienten auf einen eigenen Behandlungsfehler hinweisen, wenn f$\ddot{u}$r ihnen Umst${\ddot{a}}$nde erkennbar sind, die die Annahme eines Behandlungsfehlers begr${\ddot{u}}$nden. Allgemeine Offenbarungspflichr bei ${\ddot{a}}$rztlichen Behandlungsfehlern wird bisher nicht diskutiert. Nach derzietigem Recht besteht keine allgemeine Offenbarungspflicht des Arztes, den Patienten unaufgefordert ${\ddot{u}}$ber einen eigenen Behandlungsfehler hinzuweisen. Aber wie im ${\S}630c$ BGB, sind f${\ddot{u}}$r den Behandelnden Umst${\ddot{a}}$nde erkennbar, die die Annahme eines Behandlungsfehlers begr${\ddot{u}}$nden, hat er den Patienten ${\ddot{u}}$ber diese auf Nachfrage oder zur Abwendung gesundheitlicher Gefahren zu informieren.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.827-835
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• 2015

Let U be a ${\sigma}$-square closed Lie ideal of a 2-torsion free ${\sigma}$-prime ${\Gamma}$-ring M. Let $d{\neq}1$ be an automorphism of M such that $[u,d(u)]_{\alpha}{\in}Z(M)$ on U, $d{\sigma}={\sigma}d$ on U, and there exists $u_0$ in $Sa_{\sigma}(M)$ with $M{\Gamma}u_0{\subseteq}U$. Then, $U{\subseteq}Z(M)$. By applying this result, we generalize the results of Oukhtite and Salhi respect to ${\Gamma}$-rings. Finally, for a non-zero derivation of a 2-torsion free ${\sigma}$-prime $\Gamma$-ring, we obtain suitable conditions under which the $\Gamma$-ring must be commutative.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.107-121
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• 1992

In this paper, we consider an iterative algorithm for solving a new class of quasi complementarity problems of finding $u{\epsilon}R^{n}$ such that $g(u){\in}K(u)$, $Tu+A(u){\in}K^{*}(u)$, and < g(u), Tu + A(u) >=0, where T, A and g are continuous mappings from $R^{n}$ into itself and $K^{*}(u)$ is the polar cone of the convex cone K(u) in $R^{n}$. The algorithms considered in this paper are general and unifying ones, which include many existing algorithms as special cases for solving the complementarity problems. We also study the convergence criteria of the general algorithms.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2009

This paper presents a novel method to design and implement mobile u-health system by defining the essential elements of mobile healthcare services. We choose common service elements for the proposed u-healthcare scheme and design the service platform. Especially we focus on automatic feces or urine sensing u-care scheme to prove the effectiveness of our platform. We construct the system with sensing part with a manikin and a diaper wireless communication part with feces or urine sensing data, and coordinator system based on the u-health platform defined in this paper. Experimental results show that our scheme is useful in the area of u-care service for the handicapped, the elderly, and patients who can hardly move by themselves. In addition the designed scheme offers a realized u-care scheme with the purpose of advanced developing tools for application or service developers.