• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1984

These experiments were carried out to obtain basic information necessary for in vitro culture of aggregated mouse embryos. Inbred ICR mice were used to obtain embryos. The zona pellucida was removed by placing the embryos in Whittingham's medium containing 0.5% protease for about 5-10minutes at 37$^{\circ}C$. Total 263 pairs of 2-, 4- and 8-cell zona free mouse embryos were subjected to aggregation by physical pressure and cultured in Whittingham's medium under the gas phase of 5% CO2 in air at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 24 to 60 hours. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows: 1. Time needed for fusion of 2-, 4- and 8-cell embryos were 0-3, 0-3 and 0-3 hours, respectively and average time needed for in vitro development of 2-, 4- and 8-cell embryos after aggregation to morula and blastocyst were 42, 30 and 13.5 hours, and 51, 39 and 27 hours, respectively. 2. Of total 263 pairs of naked embryos, 227 were firmly aggregated together and the rats of aggregation in 2-, 4- and 8-cell embryos were 71.8, 88.3 and 97.0%, respectively. 3. The rates of aggregated pairs which obtained from 2-, 4- and 8-cell embryos developed to morula were 96.7, 95.6 and 96.9%, respectively, and embryos developed to blastocysts were 88.5, 89.7 and 90.8%, respectively. 4. Conspicuous differences in size of volume and inner cell masses between single and double blastocysts were observed. Although a single blastocolic cavity was formed in most double blastocysts, several formed two distinct cavities from the very beginning.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2012

Data stability and leakage power dissipation have become a critical issue in scaled SRAM design. In this paper, an advanced 8T SRAM cell improving the read and write stability of data storage elements as well as reducing the leakage current in the idle mode is presented. During the read operation, the bit-cell keeps the noise-vulnerable data 'low' node voltage close to the ground level, and thus producing near-ideal voltage transfer characteristics essential for robust read functionality. In the write operation, a negative bias on the cell facilitates to change the contents of the bit. Unlike the conventional 6T cell, there is no conflicting read and write requirement on sizing the transistors. In the standby mode, the built-in stacked device in the 8T cell reduces the leakage current significantly. The 8T SRAM cell implemented in a 130 nm CMOS technology demonstrates almost 100 % higher read stability while bearing 20 % better write-ability at 1.2 V typical condition, and a reduction by 45 % in leakage power consumption compared to the standard 6T cell. The stability enhancement and leakage power reduction provided with the proposed bit-cell are confirmed under process, voltage and temperature variations.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2003년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.390-393
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 ATM 교환기의 스위치 패브릭을 효과적이고, 빠르게 중재할 수 있는 Cell 스케줄링 알고리즘의 구현에 대해 연구한다. 본 논문에서 설계하는 ATM 셀 스케줄러는 iSLIP 알고리즘을 기본으로 하고 있으며, 이의 고속 구현에 대해 연구한다. 구현되는 셀 스케줄러는 random uniform 트래픽에 대해 100%에 수렴하는 스케줄링 성능을 제공하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기본적인 스케줄러의 구조를 제안하고, 이를 HDL로 모델하여 동작 수준 및 타이밍 시뮬레이션을 완료하였다. 그리고 본 논문에서 설계된 셀 스케줄러는 8 포트를 지원하도록 설계하였으며, 이를 기반으로 하여 32 포트로 확장할 수 있다. 8 포트를 지원하는 스케줄러는 grant 및 accept 스테이지를 각각 2단 파이프라인 방식으로 설계하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.483-491
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• 2009

In vitro produced porcine embryos have potential application in reproductive biotechnology. However, their development potential has been very low. This study evaluated the in vitro developmental ability and quality of cloned and parthenogenetic porcine embryos having 2-4 cells or 5-8 cells on Day 2 of in vitro culture. Analysis of results showed that 2 to 4 cell embryos had higher ability to form blastocysts than 5 to 8 cell embryos (p<0.05). Blastocysts produced from culture of 2 to 4 cell embryos also contained higher cell numbers and had lower BAX:BCLxL transcript ratio than those produced from 5 to 8 cell embryos (p<0.05), thereby suggesting 2 to 4 cell embryos have higher development potential. Further investigation revealed that 5 to 8 cell embryos had higher incidence (100${\pm}$0.0%) of blastomeric fragmentation than 2 to 4 cell embryos (15.2${\pm}$5.5% for parthenogenetic and 27.7${\pm}$7.1% for cloned embryos). This suggests that low development potential of 5 to 8 cell embryos was associated with blastomeric fragmentation. In conclusion, we have shown that morphological selection of embryos based on cell number on Day 2 of in vitro culture could offer a practical and valuable non-invasive means to select good quality porcine embryos.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.686-692
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• 2015

암조직에 대한 면역반응은 종양의 성장을 억제하거나 유도한다. Foxp3 양성 T 림프구는 종양에 대한 면역억제 반응을 유도하여 종양의 성장을 유도하는 반면 CD8 양성 T 림프구는 종양의 성장을 억제한다. 본 연구에서는 피부에서 발생한 편평세포암종, 편평세포 암종의 전암병변인 광선각화증과 보웬병 그리고 기저세포암종 조직에 면역조직화학염색을 시행하여 CD8 양성 T 림프구 및 Foxp3 양성 T 림프구의 분포 그리고 두 종류의 림프구의 비(CD8/Foxp3)를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. CD8 양성 T 림프구와 Foxp3 양성 T 림프구는 보웬병과 평평세포암종의 침습부위에서 광선각화증과 기저세포암종의 침습부위에 비하여 더 많이 침윤하였으며 CD8/Foxp3는 보웬병에서 광선각화증과 기저세포암종의 침습부위에 비하여 낮았다. CD8 양성 T 림프구와 Foxp3 양성 T 림프구의 침윤 정도 및 CD8/Foxp3는 보웬병과 편평세포암종의 침습부위에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 기저세포암종과 편평세포암종에서 CD8 양성 T 림프구와 Foxp3 양성 T 림프구는 침습부위에서 종양의 중심부위에 비하여 더 많이 침윤하였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 편평세포종양과 기저세포암종은 서로 다른 면역반응을 보이며 종양내에서도 부위에 따라 상이한 면역반응을 보인다고 생각된다.

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.111-129
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• 1998

In order to research the effect of Sipjundaebotang on the immune respons of CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell in rats, author have performed this experimental study. Experimental groups are divided into 5 groups(intact, control, sample I, sample II, sample III). Normal group was intact, control group was administrated normal saline 2cc for 5 days, sample I was administrated low concentration of Sipjundaebotang(100/3100pack/ml) 2cc for 5 days, sample II was administrated middle concentration of Sipjundaebotang(500/3100pack/ml) 2cc for 5 days, sample III was administrated high concentration of Sipjundaebotang(2500/3100pack/ml) 2cc for 5 days. WBC, Lymphocyte, CD4+ T cell in the blood, spleen, axillary node and CD8+ T cell in the blood, spleen and axillary node were determined. The results was as follows: 1. WBC count in blood was significantly decrcased in the control, sample I, II, III groups as compared with the normal group. 2. Lymhocyte count in the blood was significantly decreased in the control, sample I, II groups as compared with the normal group. 3. CD4+ T cell count in the blood was significantly increased dose-dependently in the sample I, II, III groups as compared with the normal group. 4. CD4+ T cell count in the spleen was significantly increased in the sample I, II, III groups as compared with the normal group. 5. CD4+ T cell count in the axillary node was significantly increased in the sample III group as compared with the normal group, however significantly decreased in the sample I, II groups as compared with the normal group. 6. CD8+ T cell count in the blood was significantly increased in the sample III groups as compared with the normal group. 7. CD8+ T cell count in the spleen was significantly increased in the sample I, II, III groups as compared with the normal group. but there was no differences in the sample groups. 8. CD8+ T cell count in the axillary node was decreased in the sample I, II groups as compared with the normal group.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 1990

Single nuclei from two-, four- and eight-cell mouse embryos were transplanted into enucleated two-cell mouse embryos by micromanipulation and sendai virum mediated fusion. no significant difference in successful injectin rate and fusion rate was found between the cell stages of nuclear donor embryos. There nuclear transplant embryos receiving different cell stage nuclei were cultured in vitro for 96 hours. 75.3% of 255 embryos receiving 2-cell nuclei, 68.2% of 236 embryos reciving 4-cell nuceli and 46.9% of 228 embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei were developed to blastocyst, respectively. The number of blastomeres was significantly(P<0.05) reduced in the embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei, compared with the embryos receiving 2-cell, 4-cell nuclei or the intact embryos. Also the size of blastocysts was significantly(P<0.05) smaller in the embryos receiving 8-cell nuclei, compared with the intact or other nuclear transplant embryos. These results suggest that single nuclei introduced into the enucleated two-cell embryos are able to support the in vitro development of the reconstituted embryos to blastocysts. The prominant retardation of blastocoele formation and cell division was shown in nuclear transplant embryos receiving eight-cell nuclei when they were cultured in vitro.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권2호통권129호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2002

The effects of Helicobacter pylori and medicinal plants extract (Leweifang) on the viability and interleukin(IL)-8 production of gastric epithelial cell were investigated. Cells viability was significantly decreased when they incubated with H. pylori or H. pylori toxin. Co-incubation with Leweifang increased H. pylori or H. pylori toxin-inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner. The production of IL-8 was greatly increased in H. pylori-infected KATO III gastric epithelial cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The increased production of IL-8 was significantly inhibited by Leweifang $(1,000{\sim}5,000{\mu}g/ml)$. These results indicate that Leweifang has protective effect on H. pylori-inhibited cell growth and H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal cell inflammation by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokine (IL-8) from gastric epithelial cells.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2002

Objectives: Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang are herbal decoctions which have been used as traditional therapeutic agents for asthma. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang on immune Cell & serum OA-specific 19B in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in rat asthma model. Methods: Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA); at day I the sensitized group and Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang groups were systemically immunized by subcutaneous injection of 1mg OA and 300mg of $Al(OH)_3$ in a total volume of 2ml. At the same time, 1ml of 0.9% saline containing $6{\times}10^9$ B. pertussis bacilli was injected by i.p. for 14 days. After systemic immunization, the rats received local immunization by inhaling 0.9% saline aerosol containing 2% (wt/vol) OA. A day after local immunization, BAL fluid was collected from the rats. A day after local immunization, rats were orally administered with each of Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract for 14 days. Lymphocyte, CD4+T-cell CD8+ T-cell counts, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, change of serum OA-specific IgE level, and CD4+T-cell CD8+T-cell percentage in the peripheral blood were measured and evaluated. Results: Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang showed a suppressive effect on the rat asthma model. Maekmoondong-tang decreased total cell, lymphocyte, CD4+T-cell, CD8+T-cell in BALF, and serum OA specific 19B level as compared with the control group, whereas Maekmoondong-tang decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF with statistical nonsignificance as compared with the control group. 1 decreased total cell, CD4+T-cell, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, and serum OA specific IgE level, whereas Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang decreased ymphocyte, and CD8+T-cell in BALF with statistical nonsignificance as compared with the control group. CD4+T-cell and CD8+ T-cell percentage in peripheral blood were not changed significantly in all the experimental groups. Conclusions: This study shows that Maekmoondong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang have a suppressive effect on asthma. Maekmooruiong-tang and Jeongcheonhwadamgangki-tang would be useful asthma treatment agents.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Signal transduction in Toxicology
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• pp.89-93
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• 2001

All that is presently known about the actions of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoguanine; oh$^{8}$ Gua) in DNA is that it harms genetic integrity. This is even speculation based upon scattered in vitro experimental data such as the mismatch of oh$^{8}$ Gua with A in stead of C and the GC longrightarrow TA transversion observed in the DNA polymerase reaction using an oh$^{8}$ Gua containing oligonucleotide.(omitted)