• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.166-184
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• 1997

The Wondong caldea is a deeply eroded structure that offers spectacular exposures through the core and margins of a resurgent caldera. The Wondong Tuff and the postcollapse intrusions range from medium-silica rhyolite to rhyodacite in composition and the postcollapse lava and tuff, preresurgent and resurgent intrusions also range from medium-silica rhyolite to an-desite, which jump to gap dacite composition. The continuous compositional zonations generally define a large stratified magma system in the postcollapse and resurgent magma chamber. Isotopic and trace element evidence suggest that the compositional zonations might have resulted from the differentiations from crystal fractionations of a parental andesitic magma, accompanying a little contamination from the crustal assimilations near the chamber roof and wall. But chemically and isotopically distinct late intusions might have resulted from emplacement of any different magma batch.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1994

Immature zygotic embryos of five Korean soybean cultivars cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) produced somatic embryos without forming an intervening callus. The highest frequency (up to 90%) of somatic embryo formation was obtained when zygotic embryos were cultlued on medium containing 1 to 2 mga 2, 0-D in four cultivars. However the frequency was highly variable to the cultivars. Transversely sliced primary somatic embryo halves were also capable of forming secondary embryos at frequencies of up to 70% when cultured on medium containing 0.1 to 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Somatic embryos formed on zygotic embryos cultured on medium containing 0.1 to 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D had two cotyledons more frequently than one horn-type cotyledon and those on medium containing 0.5 to 4mg/L 2,4-LD had a horm-type cotyledon at a prominently higher freequency. However somatic embryos on medium containing 10mg/L or higher concentrations of 2,4-D were usually shunted at the globular stage even after transfer to medium containing lower concentrations of 2,4-D or other growth regulators. non somatic embryos with one or two cotyledons or a hem-type cotyledon were transferred to medium containing $GA_3$, those with two cotyledons converted to plantlets at a higher frequency (25%) than the others.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the TLR-4 mediated anti-inflammatory effects of extract from Xanthii Fructus(XF) on the peritoneal macrophage. Methods : To evaluate of TLR-4 mediated inflammatory of XF, we examined NO and cytokine production in TRL-4 ligand(LPS-lipopolysacchride) induced macrophages. Furthermore, we checked molecular mechanism using western blot. Results : l.Extract from XF reduced LPS-induced Nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 production in peritoneal macrophages 2.Extract from XF itself does not have any cytotoxic effect.XS inhibited degradation of IkBa in the TLR-4 mediated peritoneal macrophages Conclusion : XF down-regulated TLR4 ligand(LPS)-induced NO and cytokine productions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.33
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• pp.55-72
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• 1997

우리나라 복식산업의 전문인력 양식은 주로 대학교나 전문학원에서 이루어지고 있으며 수적인면에서는 충분한 인력이 양성되고 있다. 그러나 질적인 면에서 산업체에서 요구되는 역량을 가진 전문인은 부족한 편이다. 이에 따라 산업체의 요구에 부합하는 인력야성을위하여 교육과정의 개선이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실기교육 산학협력 및 산업체 현장실습이 활발히 이루어지고 있는 영국의 복식관련학과에 대하여 조사해 봄으로써 우리 교육의 개선방향을 모색하고자 한다. 영구의 경우 다양한 자격증 및 학위과정이 개설되어있으나 본 연구에서는 우리나라 학사학위에 해당되는 BA 및 Bsc만대상으로 하였으며 설문조사 문헌조사 및 사례연구를 통하여 현황 및 교과과정을 분석하였다 영국의 복식관련학과들은 그 교과과정 및 내용에 따라 크게 6개 전공분야로 분류되었으며 각 하과는 다시 세분화되어 전문성이 있는 교육이 이루어지고 있었다 또한 수업연한 및 과정의 형태에 따라 5개 유형으로 분류되었다, 이유형 중 특히 일년간의 현장실습을 학위과정으로 포함시켜 의무적으로 산업체에 근무하도록 되어있는 Sandwic Mode는 적극적인 산학협력의 한 형태로 매우 효율적으로 평가되는 교육체계이며 여러다른 학문 분야에서도 널리 활용되고 있는 체계이다. 교수진의 경우 전임교원이 수적인 면에서 다소 부족한 것으로 나타났으나 관련 산업체 인사 등을 시간강사로 고용함으로써 이를 보완 할 뿐 아니라 산학연계를 이루고 있었다. 또한 전임교원의 경우 주로 학사 혹은 석사의 학력을 가지고있었다. 그러나 모든 전임교수 뿐 아니라 시간강사의 경우도 산업체 경력을 필수 적으로 가지고있어 고학력위주의 우리나라 실정과는 매우 상이했다. 교과과정에 대한 사례연구에서 직물디자인에 집중된 2개 과의 교과과정을 보았으며 그중 한 개 과는 다시 편물 프린트 및 직물 디자인의 3분야로 세분화되어 심도 있는 교육이 이루어질 수 있는 것을 살펴보았다 또한 다른 3개의 예에서 볼수있듯이 2개 이상의 전공코스를 도입하여 공통과목과 전공 코스 과목을 둠으로써 시설 및 인적 자원의 활용 등 운영상 효율성을 추구함을 알수 있었다 또한 학생들의 경우 전문화된 코스의 선택을 할수 있게 하였다 이런 실례는 전문인력양성이 매우 필요하고 따라서 전공코스제의 도입의 필요성이 대두되고 있는 이시점에서 매우 유용하게 이용될수 있으리라고 생각된다. 영구의 교육이 우리나라 실정에 그대로 적용될 수는 없지만 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 시사점을 고려하여 우리교육을 개선해 나갈 수 있으리라고 생각한다. 첫째 교수진 인적 물적상황 및 지역적 상황등을 분석하여 각 대학별로 그 특성에 맞는 세분화되고 심도있는 전공교육과정을 개발 발전시켜 야 할 것이다 둘째 산업체 방문 산업체인사와의 면담 및 특강 등 산학협력을 좀더 적극적으로 모색하여야 할 것이다. 셋째 학생들의 산업체 현장 연수를 실질적으로 도입하여 산업체의 인력요구에 적극적으로 대처 할수 있어야 하겠다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2006

Culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Hovenia dulcis are described. Germinated somatic embryos were selected for induction of secondary embryogenesis. Friable embryogenic cells were induced directly from somatic embryos when transfer to 1/3 MS solid or liquid medium lacking plant growth regulators. The temperature strongly effected on induction of secondary embryognesis than other conditions in culture. All somatic embryos produced friable embryogenic cell clumps within 10 days when germinated somatic embryos cultured in 1/3 MS medium at $30^{\circ}C$ in suspension culture. No somatic embryos formed from embryogenic cell suspension cultures at $18^{\circ}C$. Numerous somatic embryos were induced and subsequently developed uniformly into germination stage from suspended cell clumps after 4 weeks of culture on $18^{\circ}C$. Plantlets conversion were observed on $18^{\circ}C$ when germinated somatic embryos were transferred to 1/3 MS solid medium without plant growth regulators or supplemented with 0.1-0.5 mg/l benzyladenine.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.244-249
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• 1988

Some experiments were conducted to utilize the raphanus test as a bioassay method for plant growth regulaters and hormonal herbicides. Among seven radish cultivars, the response of Jangbaegminong was the most sensitive and quantitative to ${\alpha}$-NAA and its coefficient of variation value was the lowest. The optimum application time of test compounds was estimated seven to nine days after seeding. After ${\alpha}$-NAA treatment the curvature angle of radish cotyledonary petiols was sharply increased to the maximum value at 24 hours after and was changed by light and temperature conditions. The curvature response was observed by application of ${\alpha}$-NAA, phenoxy and indole compounds but often plant growth regulators, $GA_3$ benzyladenine, ABA and homobrassinolide was not detected by this method. So this bioassay was useful to evaluate the activity of a compound as an auxin or a hormonal herbicide.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2008

Traditionally mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) sprouts has been stored after dehydration to decrease their decay. The study was done to determine the effect of watering for final 12 hours of harvest day on morphological characters and color of mungbean sprouts. The seeds of cv. Zhong Lu 1 were soaked in 50 ppm BA solution immediately before 4 hour aeration and then cultured for 6 days, when water-supplied for final 12 hours or not. After packaged with PE envelops, the sprouts stored 5 days at $8^{\circ}C$, and their morphological characters, fresh and dry weights, and colors were measured everyday. Compared to non-water supplied, water supplied sprouts had thicker hypocotyl diameter in middle part, and higher total fresh weight due to increment of cotyledon and hypocotyl ones although the two sprouts did nearly same in other characters. Only nonwater supplied sprouts showed higher color b value in hypocotyl than water supplied ones although there were not significant differences between them in other color-related characters, meaning that the latter ones were more rapidly decayed during their storage. In non-water supplied sprouts, number of lateral roots, hypocotyl and root lengths, total fresh weight, brightness of hypocotyl and root was decreased since 3 days after storage but cutting resistance of hypocotyl was done since 5 days.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.295-304
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• 2003

The Dukpyung and the Chubu areas were selected to investigate the migration and enrichment of arsenic and other toxic elements in soils and crop plants in areas covered with black shales. Rock and soil samples digested in 4-acid solution (HCI+HNO$_3$+HF+HC1O$_4$) were analyzed fer arsenic and other heavy metals by ICP-AES and ICP-MS, and plant samples by INAA. Mean concentration of As in Okchon black shale is higher than those of both world average values of shale and black shale. Especially high concentration of 23.2 mg/kg As is found in black shale from the Dukpyung area. Mean concentration of As is highly elevated in agricultural soils from the Duk-pyung (28.2 mg/kg) and the Chubu areas (32.6 mg/kg). Arsenic is highly elevated in rice stalks and leaves from the Dukpyung (1.14 mg/kg) and the Chubu areas (1.35 mg/kg). The biological absorption coefficient (BAC) of As in plant species decreases in the order of rice leaves>com leaves>red pepper>soybean leaves=sesame leaves>corn stalks>corn grains.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.682-685
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• 2001

Five commercial Korean fermented soybean pastes were purchased to investigate biogenic amines (BAs) levels, microbiological and chemical qualities in commercial Korean fermented soybean paste. Bacillus spp. were observed about $10^7{\sim}10^9$ CFU/g levels, and lactic acid bacteria were $10^2{\sim}10^3$ CFU/g or not detected in products. The pH values have ranged from 5.05 to 5.75, and amino nitrogen (AN) contents were $252.0{\sim}557.2$ mg% in showing different degrees of aging. Detected Biogenic amines were putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), tryptamine (TRP), spermidine (SPD), spermine (SPM), histamne (HIS), tyramine (TYR), and agmatine (AGM) in different levels by companies. There are some limitation found to explain the direct relationships between biogenic amines contents and microbiological or chemical qualities in commercial fermented soybean paste because of different manufacturing steps.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.489-496
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• 2014

High levels of extracellular xylanase activity (211.79 IU/mg) produced by Paenibacillus sp. NF1 were detected when it was submerged-cultured. After three consecutive purification steps using Octyl-Sepharose, Sephadex G75, and Q-Sepharose columns, a thermostable xylanase (XynNF) was purified to homogeneity and showed a molecular mass of 37 kDa according to SDS-PAGE. The specific activity of the purified XynNF was up to 3,081.05 IU/mg with a 14.55-fold purification. The activity of XynNF was stimulated by $Ca^{2+}$, $Ba^{2+}$, DTT, and ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol, but was inhibited by $Fe^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, SDS, and EDTA. The purified XynNF displayed a greater affinity for oat spelt xylan with the maximal enzymatic activity at $60^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0. XynNF, which was shown to be cellulose-free, with high stability at high temperature ($70^{\circ}C-80^{\circ}C$) and low pH range (pH 4.0-7.0), is potentially valuable for various industrial applications. The enzyme hydrolyzed oat spelt xylan to yield mainly xylooligosaccharides (95.8%) of 2-4 degree of polymerization (DP2-4). Moreover, the majority of the xylooligosacharides (DP2-4) products was xylobiose (61.5%). The thermostable xylanase (XynNF) thus seems potentially usefull in the production of xylooligosaccharides.