• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.309-311
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• 2007

남부지방에서 답리작으로 휴경답의 제고를 위하여 골풀의 시비량을 구명코자 시험하였던바 묘상에서의 시비량은 $N-P_{2}O_{5}-K_{2}O=60-30-60kg/10a$의 양으로 육성한 묘들은 본답에 가서도 수량 및 수량구성요소가 우수하였다. 따라서 골풀의 묘상 시비량은 $N-P_{2}O_{5}-K_{2}O=60-30-60kg/10a$ 이여야 된다고 생각된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.372-380
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• 2006

Farnesol in fruits, vegetables, herbs and leaves acts as bioactive component related with prevention of cancer and psychological malaise. We investigated the cytotoxic effects of farnesol on human leukemic cell, HL-60 cells, by MTT assay using 3- (4,5-Oirnethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide. Farnesol (0.1${\sim}$50 ${\mu}$g/ml) exhibited cytotoxicities against HL-60 cells in concentration and culture period dependent manner, In the cytotoxic condition induced by farnesol against HL-60 cells, the generation of reactive oxygen species such as O$_2$ and H$_2$O$_2$ were found to be considerably increased. The most prominent augmentations of O$_2$ and H$_2$O$_2$ were over five folds of controls. In an attempt to explore the response of HL-60 cells to the increased O$_2$ and H$_2$O$_2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activities of HL-60 cells treated with farnesol were measured. SOD and GPx activities were found to be remarkably elevated by addition of farnesol showing the best results of 273% and 167% of controls, respectively: All data suggest that farnesol may have played as an apoptosis inducer in HL-60 cells via production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and HL-60 cells may have failed to overcome the damage of ROS on account of still defcient ROS scavengers including SOD and GPx.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.493-503
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• 2022

Forkhead transcription factor 3a (Foxo3a) is believed to be a tumor suppressor as its inactivation leads to cell transformation and tumor development. However, further investigation is required regarding the involvement of the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3)-mediated Tat-interactive protein 60 (Tip60)/Foxo3a pathway in cancer cell apoptosis. This study demonstrated that Chelidonium majus upregulated the expression of ATF3 and Tip60 and promoted Foxo3a nuclear translocation, ultimately increasing the level of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) protein. ATF3 overexpression stimulated Tip60 expression, while ATF3 inhibition by siRNA repressed Tip60 expression. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated Tip60 inhibition significantly promoted Foxo3a phosphorylation, leading to blockade of Foxo3a translocation into the nucleus. Thus, we were able to deduce that ATF3 mediates the regulation of Foxo3a by Tip60. Moreover, siRNA-mediated Foxo3a inhibition suppressed the expression of Bax and subsequent apoptosis. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Chelidonium majus induces SKOV-3 cell death by increasing ATF3 levels and its downstream proteins Tip60 and Foxo3a. This suggests a potential therapeutic role of Chelidonium majus against ovarian cancer.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of $Sa-Am$ lung sedating acupuncture (LS) on wrist pulse changes in healthy participants. Method : Forty healthy subjects participated in this study, and were divided into an acupuncture group and controlled group. Using a three-dimensional pulse imaging system (DMP-3000), wrist pulse was measured before, immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after acupuncture in the acupuncture group, with the rest in controlled group. Sixteen parameters between the acupuncture group and the controlled group were analyzed at Cun, Guan and Chi in each time. Result : After LS acupuncture, wrist pulse sixteen parameters were changed significantly according to the time at each measuring region. 1. Heart rate significantly decreased in immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after, Pulse period significantly increased in 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after. 2. T4 didn't significantly changed, T-T4 significantly increased in immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after. T4/T, T4/(T-T4), T1/T, T5/T significantly decreased in immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after. (T-T4)/T significantly decreased in immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after. T5 significantly increased in 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after. 3. Modulus of elasticity significantly decreased in left Cun 60 minutes after, significantly increased in left Chi 30 minutes after. 4. Variance of Amplitude significantly increased in right Guan 60 minutes after. 5. Area of pulse significantly increased in left Cun 60 minutes after, left Chi 30 minutes after and right Cun 60 minutes after. Systolic pulse area significantly decreased left Chi 30 minutes after, right Cun immediately after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after, right Guan in immediately after. 6. Energy/min significantly decreased in left Chi 60 minutes after and right Cun immediately after. EIx significantly decreased in right Cun immediately after. 7. In both sides Cun, Guan, Chi wrist pulse, a lot of significant changes in right Cun and left Chi appeared, and then followed by the left Cun, right Guan. Conclusion : This study analyzed that the correlation between LS acupuncture and radial pulse(cun, guan, chi) is considered to be meaningful, hereafter clinical studies on this are needed.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2000

이랑높이가 하우스밀감의 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 이랑높이를 0, 20cm, 40cm, 60cm로 하여 궁천조생과 흥진조생을 공시하고, 토양수분 및 품질의 변화를 조사하였다. 하우스밀감의 고품질 생산에 필요한 토심 30cm에서의 토양수분포테셜이 -1.4Mpa이 되기까지는 평휴에서 100일 이상, 20cm에서 100일, 40cm에서 60일, 60cm에서 30일이 소요되었다. 착색도 a는 이랑높이가 높아질수록 증가되어 평휴에 비해 60cm 이랑에서 11이나 증가되어 이랑높이에 따른 착색 촉진효과가 현저하였으며, a/b도 이와 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나, 품종간에는 차이를 인정할 수 없었다. 포도당과 과당으로 조성된 환원당은 이랑이 높아질수록 증가되는 경향이 뚜렷하였고 포도당에 비해 과당 함량이 많은 편이었다. 자당은 환원당과 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 환원당에 비해서는 낮은 편이었으며, 품종간에는 이랑높이에 따른 차이가 없었다. 실제적으로 하우스밀감의 품질을 대표하는 당도는 평휴, 20, 40, 60cm 이랑에서 각각 11.4, 12.1, 12.5, $12.8^{\circ}Brix$로 평휴에 비해 60cm 이랑에서 $1.4^{\circ}Brix$나 증가되는 효과를 가져왔으며, 산도도 이와 유사한 경향을 보였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.635-647
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• 1995

Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMN) constitute a first line of defense against all forms of injury and microbial challenge, which share a common cell lineage with macrophage. Microbial component LPS activates macrophages to produce IL-1, MIP-1${\alpha}$, -1${\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6, etc. Those cytokines have autocrine function to the macrophages, and paracrine function to other cell such as PMN and affect them to produce some biological functions. Having a responsive homogeneous cell line, HL-60, offers us the possibility of studying extensively on the function of PMN, which were not possible previously with peripheral PMN, due to the short-lived nature and difficulty of getting a purified PMN. In the present study, I performed MIP-1 receptor binding assay using HL-60 cell and human peripheral PMN. Also, in vitro antimicrobial assay was performed using differentiated or undifferentiated HL-60 cell. Differentiation was induced by treatment with 500 M of $N^6,O^2-dibutyryl$ adenosine 3'5' cyclic monophosphate(dbcAMP) (PMN-like cell), or 20ng/ml of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate(TPA) (macrophage/monocyte-like cell). Receptors for MIP-1${\alpha}$ were identified on dbcAMP-treated HL-60 as well as peripheral PMN. However, bound radioactive MIP-1${\alpha}$ on differentiated HL-60 was much higher than that of peripheral PMN, which suggest receptor number of differentiated HL-60 cell is higher than that of peripheral PMN. Although both of TPA and dbcAMP treatment significantly enhanced antimicrobial action of HL-60 cell, dbcAMP-treated cell(PMN-like HL-60) killed S.aureus more effectively in this experiment. TPA or dbcAMP treatment significantly enhanced antimicrobial action of undifferentiated HL-60 cell. MIP-1${\alpha}$ further increased enhancing effect of TPA or dbcAMP. IL-1${\alpha}$, however, increased only dbcAMP-induced enhancing effect of antimicrobial action of HL-60 cell. These results suggest that differentiated HL-60 cell could replace peripheral PMN in analysis of various biological functions of cytokines on PMN cell.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2010

Activation of JNK has long been associated with the apoptotic response induced by various anti-cancer drugs including doxorubicin, vinblastine, and etoposide. In this study, we examined and compared patterns of apoptosis and JNK activation according to three different anti-cancer drugs (daunorubicin, vinblastine, and etoposide) and two different sources of HL60 cells (Jackson Laboratory and ATCC). HL60 cells from Jackson Laboratory (HL60/RPMI) were maintained in RPMI 1640 containing 5% fetal bovine serum and those from ATCC (HL60/IMDM) in IMDM containing 20% fetal bovine serum as to each manufacture's guideline. In general, HL60/RPMI cells were more sensitive to anti-cancer drugs compared to HL60/IMDM cells, demonstrated by the XTT and flow cytometric analyses. Apoptotic pathways after treatment with anti-cancer drugs seemed to be different between HL60/RPMI (daunorubicin and etoposide, caspase 3 dependent, but caspase 8 or 9 independent; vinblastine, caspase 3 independent) and HL60/IMDM (caspase 3 and caspase 9 dependent). The expression of apoptotic protein, BID, was consistent with caspase 3 activation. Immunoblotting of phospho-JNK and JNK kinase assay showed JNK activation by all three anti-cancer drugs in HL60/RPMI, while JNK activation was observed only in vinblastine-treated cells in HL60/IMDM. Our study results suggest that in vitro environmental conditions have a significant influence on JNK mediated apoptosis of HL60 cells by anti-cancer drugs and in vitro culture conditions are important factors in JNK or possibly other MAPK related studies.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2008

ErmSF는, 235 rRNA의 A2058에 methylation 시켜서 macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B ($MLS_B$)계 항생제의 부착을 저해함으로써 항생제의 활성을 억제하는 내성인자 단백질인 ERM 단백질의 하나로, 다른 ERM 단백질과는 달리 긴 N-terminal end region을 가지고 있고 이 부위의 25%를 arginine이 차지하고 있다. 특히 $^{58}RARR^{61}$ 부위에 arginine이 모여 있어서 여기에 존재하는 R의 역할을 알아보기 위해 1-57, 1-59 그리고 1-60과 1-61이 제거된 결손 변이 단백질을 대장균에 발현하고 그 활성을 성장곡선을 작성하여 알아보았다. 그 결과 R60과 R6l이 활성에 중요한 것으로 관찰되었다. 1-59의 아미노산이 결손 된 유전자를 사용하여 R60A, R61A와RR60, 61AA의 위치선정 치환 변이 단배질의 세포내 활성을 측정하여 본 결과 R60의 역할이 R6l보다 큰 것으로 관찰되었으며 이들의 활성에서의 역할은 상호보완적인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 이 아미노산들이 2차 구조인 $\alpha$-helix의 일부일 것으로 추정되었다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2000

1. Background and Purpose The faces of human being change as they grow older. Therefore, we must consider the changes of the face when we diagnosed the Sasang Constitution of men through the analysis of facial appearance. As a study of all the standardization researches about the morphology of face, I carried out this study about the 50's and 60's of Korean men and women according to Sasang Constitution. 2. Objectives The object of this study is selected from the patients who were already diagnosed Sasang Constitutions at the department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center. The number of the patients were 74 men and 73 women in 50's and 60's. The number of general age group were 182 men and 180 who were also diagnosed Sasang Constitutions at the department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine at the same period. 3. Method I took the photographs of front view and lateral view of the objectives by digital camera and obtained the 200 measure through the facial measurement program. I compared the measure of 50's and 60's by three constitutional groups and I also compared the measure between 50's to 60's and all ages by three constitutional groups. 4. Results In men group, the measures which made differences by each constitutional groups were 17, and they were 6 in 50's and 60's. In women group, the measures which made differences by each constitutional groups were 52, and they were 33 in 50's and 60's 5. Conclusion (1) In the men group of 50's and 60's, Taeumin showed wide bigonial breadth, Soyangin showed long brow and Soumin showed big eyes. (2) In the women group of 50's and 60's, Taeumin showed the longest level of facial length, width and metopion head length, Soyangin showed metopion head length was long and the nose was also long, Soumin showed the ratio of brow in the face didn't make any difference with other constitutions and the metopion head length was short. (3) The measures which made differences were more in the all ages than in the 50's and 60's. It means that the differences decrease as they grow older, especially in 50's and 60's.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2002

강한 인산 가용력을 가진 인산 용해 세균인 균주 60-2G를 잔디의 근권에서 분리하였다. GC-FAME구조와 탄소이용형태 및 16S rRNA의 부분 염기서열 분석을 통해 균주 60-2G는 Enterobacter intermedium으로 동정되었다. Hydroxyapatite를 첨가한 배지와 생장 시킨 균주 60-2G는 gluconic acid 와 2-ketogluconic acid 및 소량의 lactic acid를 생성하였다. 균주 60-2G의 생장 기간동안 배지의 pH는 3.8 까지 낮아지는 반면에 배지의 유효 인산 농도는 증가하였다. 배지의 낮은 pH와 유효인산농도의 증가는 역 상관관계이며, 이는 균주 60-2G가 생성하는 유기산에 의한 영향이다. E. intermedium 60-2G 균주는 유기산 생성에 관여하는 glucose dehydrogenase의 co-factor인 PQQ를 생성하였으며, pqq의 부분 염기서열 분석 결과 기존에 보고된 서열과 85% 이상의 상동성을 가지고 있었다.