• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2004

A successful, efficient system for multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration of soybean (Glycine max) was established. Four soybean genotypes were compared for organogenic responses on various media cultured under light conditions. The adventitious shoots (98%, 2.6 shoots/cotyledon) directly from one-day-old cotyledon after germination induced by the hormone treatment and its efficiency was higher than any other conditions. The optimal medium for the induction of multiple shoots from cotyledon in Pungsannamulkong(shoot formation rate, 98%), Lx 16 (83%) and IIpumgeomjeongkong(63%) was MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP, but for Alchankong(75%), MS medium supplemented with 1mg/L zeatin and 1mg/L IAA, 3% sucrose, 4% Phytagel. Higher root induction (88%) was observed from the shoots placed on rooting medium (hormone-free MS basal). Plantlets were transferred onto the same medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal for further development. With this treatment, regenerated plantlets were obtained within 7-8 weeks (shoot induction for 4 weeks, rooting and shoot elongation for 3-4 weeks).

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.375-389
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• 2013

This survey was conducted to compare the housewife's food habit and food purchase behavior on healthy dietary life. The questionnaires were collected from 151 working housewives and 159 housewives in Daejeon. The average meal time was 20~30 min., 67.6% of respondents ate breakfast and bap with guk(72.9%) was the most favourite foods. Almost half of them ate egg, fruit, vegetable everyday. They concerned highly about less intake of frozen foods(64.2%) and food additives(61.6%) for wellbeing dietary life. Because of close distance and various foods items, big discount store was chosen as food purchase place. The most considering purchase factor was food additives in working housewife and nutrition in housewife(p<0.05). In grocery shopping, working housewife considered children and their husbands(p<0.05). The most important purchase factor was the freshness in vegetables fishes fruits seaweeds eggs. TV or Radio was utilized the most frequently to obtain the useful knowledge on healthy foods. It is suggested that practical information should be offered housewives to purchase proper foods within their income and to manage dietary life according to their family's health condition.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information about the usage frequency of foods and menu items that may have microbiological hazards in elementary school foodservice operations in order to prepare a sanitation management manual for the foodservice production process. Menus from 200 elementary school foodservice operations from June 2004 were analyzed. An analysis of the foodservice production process of the menu revealed that the following processes were used: heat process(63.9%), non-heating process(28.1%), and after-heating process(8.0%). The cooking methods used for side dishes were: Stir-frying(19.9%), Saenchae(15.6%), Jorim(15,1%), Sukchae(13.1%), Frying(11.3%) and so on. Overall, 85 menu items known to include microbiological hazards were offered a total of 3,537 times; they were Doegi-bulgogi(7.0%), Bibim-bap(5.2%), Oi-saengchae(4.6%), Kongnamul-muchim(4.2%), Ddeok-bokkeum(4.0%), Japchae(3.7%), and so on. To serve safe and hygienic foods, menus including microbiological hazards should be planned very carefully. Furthermore, if a menu is high in microbiological hazards and frequency, the manuals of sanitation management should be applied more thoroughly.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권2호
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• pp.164-172
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• 1998

Promoter가 없는 외래유전자를 이용하여 형질전환(形質轉換)시키고자 할 때의 최적조건(最適條件) 및 효율적인 형질전환체(形質轉換體)의 검정방법을 구명(究明)하고자 산림청(山林廳) 임목육종연구소(林木育種硏究所)에 식재된 잡종 포플러 양황철 62-9클론을 사용하여 재분화를 유도하고, 기내(器內) 형질전환실험(形質轉換實驗)을 실시하였다. 기내(器內)에서 식물체 재분화 유도를 위해서는 배지조성과 호르몬 농도의 조합이 가장 영향을 많이 끼치는 요인이었다. 여러 조합으로 엽조직 ($5{\times}5mm$ leaf strip)을 시료로 하여 MS 기본배지에 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, $0.1mg/{\ell}$ NAA, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, $2.0mg/{\ell}$ BAP를 혼합 처리하여 배양한 결과, $0.1mg/{\ell}$ NAA, $0.5mg/{\ell}$ BAP를 첨가한 호르몬 조합에서 즐기 분화율 및 explant당 분화된 부정줄기수가 상대적인 비율 94%(11.4개)로서 가장 높았다. 따라서 형질전환(形質轉換)된 엽조직(葉組織)을 재분화 시킬 때 이 조건을 줄기분화유도 배지 (SIM ; shoot-inducing medium)로 사용하였다. 선발유전자에 의한 항생제(抗生濟)의 선발농도(選拔濃度)를 알기 위해 pBI121로 형질전환(形質轉換)실험을 한 결과, cocultivation한 후 $100mg/{\ell}$ Km(kanamycin) 또는 $60mg/{\ell}$ G418(geneticin)이 첨가된 SIM 3 배지에서 2주가 경과하면서 육안으로 형질전환(形質轉換)된 부정아를 관찰할 수 있었고 이 부정아를 SIM 3로 옮긴지 6주 후에는 0.5-1cm 크기의 부정줄기로 자랐다. 그러나 대조(對照) 엽조직(葉組織)은 부정아형성이 거의 되지 않아, 선발유전자의 항생제(抗生濟) 선발농도(選拔濃度)는 이 조건이 최적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 형질전환체(形質轉換體)의 재분화율을 높이기 위해 5-azacytidine을 처리한 결과, 항생제(抗生濟) 선발배지하에서 재분회율을 5.7%에서 26.7%까지 높일 수 있었다. Fluorometric 및 histochemical assay 방법으로 GUS 유전자의 활성(活生)을 검정한 결과 vector system간에 형질전환율(形質轉換率)이 서로 다름을 확인할 수 있었다. LBA4404/pBI121을 vector로 사용한 양황철의 기내(器內) 형질전환(形質轉換) 실험에서는 낮은 形짧훌훌換率(5.7%)을 보였다. 그러나 보다 응양성(應梁性)이 높은 super virulence 유전자를 포함하는 pEHA101을 helper plasmid로 하여 실험한 결과 형질전환율(形質轉換率)이 35.9%로 pAL4404보다 훨씬 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 promoter가 없는 외래유전자를 이용하여 promoter tagging을 하고자 할 때 형질전환(形質轉換)실험에는 helper plasmid로써 pEHA101을 이용하는 것이 적합한 것으로 판명되었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2012

Excessive oxidative stress and abnormal blood lipids may cause chronic diseases. This risk can be reduced by consuming an antioxidant- and fiber-rich vegetarian diet. We compared biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and lipid profiles of sex- and age-matched long-term vegetarians and omnivores in Korea. Forty-five vegetarians (23 men and 22 women; mean age, $49.5{\pm}5.3$ years), who had maintained a vegetarian diet for a minimum of 15 years, and 30 omnivores (15 men and 15 women; mean age, $48.9{\pm}3.6$ years) participated in this study. Their 1-day, 24-h recall, and 2-day dietary records were analyzed. Oxidative stress was measured by the levels of diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM). Antioxidant status was determined by the biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. We observed that vegetarians had a significantly lower body fat percentage ($21.6{\pm}6.4%$) than that of omnivores ($25.4{\pm}4.6%$; $P$ < 0.004). d-ROM levels were significantly lower in vegetarians than those in omnivores ($331.82{\pm}77.96$ and $375.80{\pm}67.26$ Carratelli units; $P$ < 0.011). Additionally, total cholesterol levels in the vegetarians and omnivores were $173.73{\pm}31.42$ mg/dL and $193.17{\pm}37.89$ mg/dL, respectively ($P$ < 0.018). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was $101.36{\pm}23.57$ mg/dL and $120.60{\pm}34.62$ mg/dL ($P$ < 0.005) in the vegetarians and omnivores, respectively, indicating that vegetarians had significantly lower lipid levels. Thus, oxidative stress, body fat, and cholesterol levels were lower in long-term vegetarians than those in omnivores.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.947-954
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• 2015

질전환에 적합한 국화 스프레이 타입 품종을 선발하기 위해서 국내 연구기관에서 육성된 39개 품종 및 일본품종인 스탠다드 타입 신마를 모아 재분화율과 아그로박테리움 감염도를 조사하였다. 잎과 마디 절편체로부터의 신초 재분화를 위하여 IAA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$와 BAP $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$가 첨가된 MS 배지를 사용하였다. 잎 절편체로부터의 신초 재분화는 BRM 품종이 가장 높았고 VS, WW, YTM 품종순으로 분화되었다. 이전에 형질전환재료로 보고된 바 있는 신마는 PK, SPP 품종과 유사한 수준을 보였다. 마디 절편체로부터의 신초 재분화는 PA 품종에서 가장 높았으며 WW 품종이 다음으로 확인되었다. 40개의 국화 품종을 대상으로 아그로박테리움에 대한 감염도를 조사한 결과, 잎 절편체에서는 WPP, YNW, VS, PP, WW, FA, PA, YMN 품종이 가장 높았고 마디 절편체에서는 WPP, PA, PK, YNW 품종이 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 국화의 잎 절편체를 이용한 형질전환은 VS와 WW 품종이 가장 적합한 반면에 마디형질전환에는 PA 품종이 가장 적합한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1997

한국 야생차나무의 잎절편과 배배양에서 생장조절물질의 첨가에 따른 형태형성 과정의 변이를 조사하였다. 그 결과 접합자배는 싸이토키닌을 5-20$\mu\textrm{M}$을 첨가한 MS 배지에서 직접적인 체세포 배와 부정아 및 액아 발생률이 높았으며 옥신의 함량이 높아질수록 형태형성율이 급격히 저하되었다. 1/2 MS 및 1/4 SH배지에 $10\mu\textrm{M}$ IBA가 첨가된 배지에서 모든 줄기가 발근 되었다. MS배지에 2,4-D를 첨가한 배지에서 미성숙 접합자 배를 배양한 결과 체세포배성 캘러스가 유발되었다. 성숙된 접합자 배를 발아시킨 후 어린잎을 채취하여 고농도의 옥신 (IBA와 NAA) 또는 싸이토키닌 (BAP)이 함유된 MS배지에 배양한 결과 체세포배 형성 캘러스가 발생되었으며 또한 직접적인 체세포배가 발생하였다. 그러나 뿌리와 줄기 형성에는 각각 요구하는 옥신의 농도와 종류가 각각 달랐다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권6호통권90호
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• pp.800-812
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• 2005

This study selected and classified the representative foods for diversifying Korean traditional foods in the globa1 market and derived the superior factor of each food by consumer survey (n=744). The superiority of Korean traditional foods was generally recognized as being in the order of 'Nutritional value' > 'Dietary culture' > 'Material' > 'Taste.' Kimchi, Tteok/Hangwa, and grilled foods were regarded as potent Korean traditional foods for global consumers. The survey about the superior factors of representative Korean traditional foods produced the following results. The superior factor of Bibimbap, Mandu, Jangachi, Joeotgal, Namul muchim Salad, Naengchae, and Ganjang was 'Variety of material or cuisine', that of Bap, Jut Samguetang, Seolleongtang, Kimchi, Doenjang, and Sikcho was 'Nutritional value', that of Naengmyeon, Kalguksu, Bulgogi, Pyeonyuk, Jeongol, Gochujang, Tteot and Sjkhae/Sujeonggwa was Taste', and that of Hangwa, Hwachae, Gujulpan, and Sinsunro was 'Appearance'. The superior factors of representative Korean traditional foods showed the following differences by age and gender, The superior factor in Mandu was 'Taste' by the subjects aged below 30 but 'Variety' by the subjects aged above 30; that in Pyeonyuk and Jeongol was 'Variety' in 31-40 year olds and those aged above 51, while it was 'Taste' in others. The superior factor of Kimchi was 'Nutritional value' by the subjects aged below 40,'Taste'in 41-50 year. olds, and 'Variety' by the subjects aged above 50, that of Namul muchim was 'Nutritional value' by the subjects aged below 20 and 'Variety'by the subjects aged above 20, and that of Naengchae was' Taste'by the subjects aged below 20 and 'Variety' by the subjects aged above 20. The superior factor of Gochujang was 'Taste' by the subjects aged below 50 and 'Variety 'by the subjects aged above 50, that of Ganjang was 'Variety' by the subjects aged below 30 and 'Taste' by the subjects aged above 30, that of Sikcho was 'Variety' by the subjects aged below 30 and 'Nutritional value' by the sutjects aged above 30. The superior factor of Doenjang was 'Nuttritional value' in all ages. The superior factors of Hangwa and Sikhae/Sujeonggwa were 'Appearance' and 'Taste' in all ages, and that of Hwachae was 'Taste' by the subjects aged below 30 and' Appearance' by the subjects aged above 30. The perception by gender was statistically differed for traditional foods such as Bap, Bibimbap, Kalguksu, Bulgogi, Pyeonyuk Jangachi, Gochujang, Ganjang, Sikhae/Sujeonggwa, Hwachae, and Gujulpan.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2024

Embryos of early-ripening peaches could not achieve physiological maturation or undergo abortion before harvest. Embryo rescue is an effective strategy to rescue embryos from early-ripening peaches. Thus, the current study was carried out to determine the appropriate developmental stage and optimal medium composition for embryo rescue in early-ripening peach. Development of open-pollinated 'Yumi' fruit was investigated from 20 to 90 days after full bloom (DAFB) to explore period occurring endocarp hardening. After endocarp hardening, embryo development was observed by light microscopes. Shoot and root meristems were observed at 65 DAFB and embryo size rapidly increased at 75 DAFB. Embryos collected at 75, 80, 85, and 90 DAFB were cultured on four media based on Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW) medium. Germination rate of embryos cultured on four media gradually increased from 75 to 90 DAFB and reached 100% at 90 DAFB. Notably, M3 medium (0.5 DKW supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) 1.0 ㎎/L) displayed the highest germination rate at 75 and 80 DAFB stages. Growth and development of shoot and root were pronounced in plantlet cultured at 90 DAFB stage. While delayed shoot growth was evident in plantlets cultured at 75, 80, and 85 DAFB stages, this retardation could be overcome through the application of growth regulators, particularly in M3 and M4 (0.5 DKW supplemented with BAP 1.0 ㎎/L and indole-3-butyric acid 0.5 ㎎/L) media. Remarkably, roots of plantlet grown in M4 medium exhibited limited elongation. In conclusion, germination rate of embryo and growth of embryo cultured plantlet can be enhanced by collecting seeds from early-ripening 'Yumi' at the 90 DAFB stage and conducting embryo culture using the M3 medium.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2005

Factors affecting regeneration of different Rubus varieties (blackberry, raspberry and their hybrid) were examined and a reliable regeneration system was established. Media for stock plant maintenance were tested; different explants and media were investigated to find the best circumstances for the regeneration. The effect of the commonly used antibiotics was studied to determine the most suitable one for selection of the transformants. We found that both MS and LS media supplemented by $20\;gL^{-1}$ sucrose are suitable for the stock plant maintenance. The optimal hormone content for the stock plants is $0.125\;mgL^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with $0.01\;mgL^{-1}$ indole-3- butyric acid (IBA). The highest regeneration rate was observed on medium containing MS salts with B5 vitamins complemented with glucose, sucrose, maltose, $10\;gL^{-1}$ each, supplemented with benzylaminopurine riboside (BAR) ($2\;mgL^{-1}$) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) ($0.1\;mgL^{-1}$). The regenerated shoots appeared directly from the cut edges, without callus phase. Hygromycin and geneticin proved to be good selection agents for the Rubus explants, but due to their severe effect on the tissues we propose to use marker-free constructions for the transformation.