• 한국인구학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2006

2004년 말 담배가격인상의 효과를 파악하기 위하여 성인남성 흡연자 700명 비흡연자 300 명으로 구성된 추적조사에서 6개월 후 네 차례의 조사가 끝날 때까지 흡연자 572명, 비흡연자 198명의 흡연행태에 관한 자료가 구축되었다. 이 자료를 활용하여 단기 가격탄력성을 추정한 결과 흡연자들만의 가격탄력성은 가격인상전후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월 기간 동안에 각각 -0.6853, -0.6230, -0.5482로 추정되었고. 비흡연자를 포함한 경우에는 -0.3920, -0.3739, -0.3081로 추정되었다. 이 결과는 흡연율 감소를 위하여서는 대폭적인 가격인상이 매우 효과적이며 따라서 추가적인 가격인상이 추진되어야 한다는 점을 암시하고 있다.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the correlation among job stress, drinking, and smoking of local government staff. Methods: The participants of this study were 205 government staffs working in a local government office. The data were collected by self-report using questionnaires from March 2 to April 30, 2009. The data were analyzed using t-test, Chisquare test, ANOVA, and Man-Whitney test. Results: Physical stress was the highest in job stress components. Majority of the participants (96%) had drinking experiences more than once per month. 25.4% of respondents reported they drank more than 10 glasses each time. Smoking was habitual in 36.6% of the subjects and 28% of subjects had participation in a smoking cessation program. Respondents who reported high job stress had a longer history of smoking. Conclusions: Job stress was highly associated with drinking and smoking. Stress control programs and smoking and alcohol cessation/moderation programs could be beneficial for the health of government staffs.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2022

Purpose: A tobacco-free campus (TFC) is the most advanced tobacco-control policy for college campuses, but it has rarely been explored in Korea. This study aimed to explore Korean college students' attitudes toward TFC and related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study enrolled college students who were taking an elective course on smoking cessation and a healthy lifestyle at a university located in Incheon, Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to December 31, 2019 using a structured questionnaire, and study participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Results: Data on 309 college students were analyzed. Of those participants, 6.1% supported the TFC policy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.47-22.95), taking the course to quit smoking oneself (aOR=11.03, 95% CI=1.04-117.05), anxiety in the past month (aOR=4.27, 95% CI=1.06-17.31), and being a current smoker (aOR=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.70) were statistically significant independent predictors of TFC support. Conclusion: Women, students taking the course to quit smoking themselves, nonsmokers, and students who felt anxious in the past month were more likely to support TFC. Further research with more representative samples is required to examine the characteristics of people who favor TFC.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics differences associated with 1-year continuous smoking abstinence in Korean young adult and middle-aged male workers. Methods: 'Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)' is an ongoing surveillance system that assesses the health and nutritional status of Koreans. For a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from KNHANES VI-1, this study selected 683 Korean male workers as a subpopulation, who were young adult or middle-aged. The subpopulation was composed of success or failure group of 1-year continuous smoking abstinence. Binomial logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Success group was more likely to be older, live in urban areas, rate their health status as excellent or good, and have ever been diagnosed with hypertension than failure group. Additionally, Success group was less likely to have used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), drink more than once a month, and have been exposed to secondhand smoking in workplace within a week. Conclusion: Developing smoking cessation programs requires consideration of resources in rural areas, promoting self-efficacy, restricting e-cigarettes and drinking, and promoting a smoke-free workplace.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.449-453
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• 2017

A 3-year-old castrated male Maltese dog, weighing 4.8 kg was referred with hindlimb ataxia and right forelimb proprioceptive deficits were shown for 20 months. Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia diagnosed through MRI at a local animal hospital and Knuckling of right forelimb and reluctance to walk were managed with steroid. The medical management was getting ineffective to manage for the symptoms one month before referred. Physical and neurological examinations, radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed and diagnoses of caudal occipital malformation syndrome (COMS) and subsequent syringomyelia (SM) were made. Given that pharmacological treatment was previously ineffective, surgical intervention was recommended. Foramen magnum decompression with duraplasty using $Lyoplant^{(R)}$ was performed. Three days post-surgery, the dog showed improved gait and activity. After 2 months, the dog received no additional prescription medications. At the 12-month follow-up after surgery, the dog showed no clinical problems or recurrences, despite complete cessation of pharmacological treatment. In present report, we applied $Lyoplant^{(R)}$ as a dural graft has been carried out in a dog with COMS. Surgical decompression with $Lyoplant^{(R)}$ was an effective long-term (12-month) treatment for COMS without the need for any pharmacological treatment.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.485-493
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• 2014

Objectives : The study investigated and analyzed the relationship between health-related lifestyle and psychosomatic self-reported symptom in dental hygiene students. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 478 dental hygiene students in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do from March 7 to June 21, 2012 by random sampling method after informed consent. Results : The health-related lifestyle showed the results as follows. Nonsmokers accounted for 89.1%. Those who never exercise accounted for 67.9% and 37.9% of the students sleep for 5-6 hours. Those who take alcohols twice per month accounted for 58.2%. The correlation between the symptoms and lifestyle included multiple subjective symptoms(I), respiratory(A), eyes and skin(B) and digestive organs(C) symptoms and smoking status(p<.01), mouth and anal(D), depression(K), nervousness(E). There existed the correlation in average sleeping time(p<.01) and impulsivess(H) and smoking status(p<.05) and lie scale(L) and regular exercise(p<.05) and aggressiveness(F) and drinking habits and irregular and life(G) and breakfast habits. The smoking habit, sleeping time, and snack intake had an influence on psychosomatic self-reported oral health-related symptoms. Conclusions : Cessation of smoking, adequate sleeping time, and reduction of snack intake can improve the oral health-related lifestyle and reduce the self-reported symptoms in the dental hygiene students.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the effective health education measures and health education programs for college students and also investigated the demands of restriction on drinking and smoking behavior in public area at the school level. Methods: The data were collected from 446 students of five universities located in Seoul and analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Results: 1) Current drinkers were average 87.7% (male 90.1%, female 85.3%) and binge drinker was 68.4% (male 76.5%, female 60.2%). Among all drinkers, 19.4% drank more than eight times per month. As for the rate of smoking, 50.9% among the male student, and 12.1% among females were smokers. Among all smokers. the largest group (41.5%) smoked between >$11{\sim}20$ cigarettes per day. Many of the students started smoking in their middle schools (male 29.8%, female 51.5%). It implies that smoking prevention programs need to be emphasized in these schools. 2) The analysis of the correlation between drinking and smoking shows that no smoking students who drank were 66.2%, but abstainer who is smoker were only 5.7%(p=0.004). Alcohol consumption frequency and amount of smokers were higher than those of nonsmokers (p=0.000). The rate of attempts to reduce drinking was 38.1%, mainly for health reason. More than 34.5% of smoking student had made attempts to quit smoking, but succeeded only 16.9%. 3) As for the needs of moderate drinking and smoking cessation education, 67.8% among female students and 53.6% among male demand special education programs. About effective health education measures on drinking and smoking, 49.3% of drinkers and 35.2% of smokers had an inclination for health educator, and the next were video, campaign and pamphlet. 4) The largest group (45.0%) of respondents had agreed to regulate on drinking behavior, and especially 74.5% of them wants to ban the practice in most public area in school. 35.7% among female students and 27.0% among male desired to extend the non-smoking area on whole campus. The health policy for college students, through various ways, such as education, counseling service, and special program on orientation, should be employed. For public health perspectives, university and college community had to institute the detailed enforcement regulation on drinking and smoking.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2010

매복이란 맹출로 상에 물리적 장애물이 있거나, 치아의 비정상적 위치, 또는 공간 부족 등으로 인해 맹출이 정지되는 경우이다. 이는 과잉치, 치성 종양, 또는 낭성 병소의 존재와 연관되어 나타나기도 하는데, 법랑모세포섬유종은 이러한 매복을 일으킬 수 있는 치성 종양의 한 종류이다. 법랑모세포섬유종은 많은 경우 미맹출 치아나 매복치와 연관되어 나타나며, 병소의 크기 및 양상, 그리고 환자의 연령을 고려하여 보존적 절제술(conservative resection) 또는 완전 절제술(block resection)을 시행한다. 본 증례는 하악 좌측 제1대구치의 맹출 장애를 주소로 내원한 환아에서 외과적 노출술 및 변형된 halterman 장치를 사용한 교정적 견인을 통하여 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 매복의 원인이었던 법랑모세포섬유종의 비교적 높은 재발률 및 악성 전환 가능성을 고려하여 추후 장기적인 추적검사가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.200-209
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• 2006

목 적: 만성 기능성 변비 환아의 임상 증상과 경과를 관찰하고, 장기적인 치료 성적을 평가하여 치료 결과에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석함으로써 변비 치료에 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 방 법: 2001년 3월부터 2005년 6월까지 순천향대학교 부천병원에서 만성 기능성 변비로 진단받고 1개월 이상 치료받고 경과를 볼 수 있었던 63명의 환아를 대상으로 임상 증상, 치료에 따른 경과, 치료 결과 및 재발 여부 등을 조사하고 예후와 관련된 요인을 분석하였다. 결 과: 대상 환아들의 성별 분포는 남아가 35명(55.6%), 여아가 28명(44.4%)이었고 남아가 여아에 비해 유분증이 유의있게 많았다. 발병 연령은 평균 $21.1{\pm}23.5$ (1.9~84.0)개월이었으며 진단 당시 평균 연령은 $47.1{\pm}34.2$ (6.9~138.0)개월이었다. 치료 전 주당 배변 횟수는 평균 $3.2{\pm}2.3$ (0.5~10.0)회였고, 변비와 동반된 증상으로는 유분증이 34명(54.0%), 굵은 변이 30명(47.6%), 배변 횟수의 감소가 20명(31.7%), 배변 시 힘주기와 변 참기가 각각 19명(30.2%) 순이었다. 추적 관찰 기간은 평균 $34.2{\pm}14.6$ (3.6~60.0)개월이었으며 전화 통화 당시 변비 증상으로부터 회복된 환아는 44명(69.8%)이었고 증상이 남아있었던 환아는 19명(30.2%)이었다. 변비에서 회복된 환아들의 임상적 경과를 살펴보면 유분증이 있었던 환아들이 유분증이 없어진 시간은 치료 시작 후로 부터 평균 $4.3{\pm}2.4$ (1.0~36.0)개월이었으며, 배변시 힘을 많이 주었던 환아들이 변을 힘주지 않고 누게 된 시간은 평균 $5.0{\pm}1.4$ (0.8~36.0)개월이었고, 변을 참았던 환아들이 변을 참지 않게 된 시간은 평균 $5.0{\pm}3.1$ (1.0~36.0)개월이었다. 변비가 재발한 경우는 15명(23.8%)이었으며 남아가 9명(60%), 여아가 6명(40%)이었다. 치료 종료 후로부터 재발하기 까지의 기간은 평균 $2.9{\pm}1.9$ (1.0~6.0)개월이었으며 성별, 발병 나이, 변비의 증상, 치료 시작 전 증상의 지속 기간, 진단 당시 유분증 유무, 이유식 시작 시기와 대변 가리기 훈련 시기 등은 재발에 영향을 미치지 않았으며 치료 기간이 재발에 영향을 미치는 유일한 인자였다. 결 론: 대부분의 소아 만성 기능성 변비 환아가 치료 시작 후 5개월 경에 증상이 회복되었으나 치료 종료 후 약 3개월 내에 재발할 수 있으며 치료 기간이 재발 여부에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보아 충분한 기간 동안 치료하는 것과 정기적인 추적 관찰이 중요하다고 하겠다.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2024

Background and Objectives: Concerns remain that early aspirin cessation may be associated with potential harm in subsets at high risk of ischemic events. This study aimed to assess the effects of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) vs. prolonged DAPT (12-month or longer) based on the ischemic risk stratification, the CHADS-P2A2RC, after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: This was a sub-study of the SMART-CHOICE trial. The effect of the randomized antiplatelet strategies was assessed across 3 CHADS-P2A2RC risk score categories. The primary outcome was a major adverse cardiac and cerebral event (MACCE), a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Results: Up to 3 years, the high CHADS-P2A2RC risk score group had the highest incidence of MACCE (105 [12.1%], adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.927; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.358-6.309; p=0.006) followed by moderate-risk (40 [1.4%], adjusted HR, 1.786; 95% CI, 0.868-3.674; p=0.115) and low-risk (9 [0.5%], reference). In secondary analyses, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy reduced the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding without increasing the risk of MACCE as compared with prolonged DAPT across the 3 CHADS-P2A2RC risk strata without significant interaction term (interaction p for MACCE=0.705 and interaction p for BARC types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding=0.055). Conclusions: The CHADS-P2A2RC risk score is valuable in discriminating high-ischemic-risk patients. Even in such patients with a high risk of ischemic events, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was associated with a lower incidence of bleeding without increased risk of ischemic events compared with prolonged DAPT.