• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2019.06a
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• pp.35-37
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• 2019

최근 딥 러닝의 급격한 발전과 함께 얼굴표정인식 기술이 상당한 진보를 이루었다. 그러나 기존 얼굴표정인식 기법들은 제한된 환경에서 취득한 인위적인 동영상에 대해 주로 개발되었기 때문에 실제 wild 한 환경에서 취득한 동영상에 대해 강인하게 동작하지 않을 수 있다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 3D CNN, 2D CNN 그리고 RNN 의 새로운 결합으로 이루어진 Deep neural network 구조를 제안한다. 제안 네트워크는 주어진 동영상으로부터 두 가지 서로 다른 CNN 을 통해서 영상 내 공간적 정보뿐만 아니라 시간적 정보를 담고 있는 특징 벡터를 추출할 수 있다. 그 다음, RNN 이 시간 도메인 학습을 수행할 뿐만 아니라 상기 네트워크들에서 추출된 특징 벡터들을 융합한다. 상기 기술들이 유기적으로 연동하는 제안된 네트워크는 대표적인 wild 한 공인 데이터세트인 AFEW 로 실험한 결과 49.6%의 정확도로 종래 기법 대비 향상된 성능을 보인다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 1976

정신과 영역의 환자를 위해 간호원의 역활을 필요로 한 이래 여러 가지 간호의 개념으로 간호원의 역할이 변화되어오고 있다. 정신과 환자의 안전만이 가장 큰 치료의 중심일 때는 병동열쇠의 위엄에 곁따라 보호관리에만 치중해 왔으며 정신의학에서 약물요법, 전기요법의 치료과정이 생기면서 간호원의 역할 변화 및 지식의 요구를 필요로 하게 되었으며, 환경과 개인의 밀접한 관계를 중시해오면서 치료적 환경속으로 환자의 인간적 치료가 강조되었을 때 의사소통과 대인관계의 인적 환경으로써 또한 간호원의 역활이 중요시 되어왔다. 이런 관점에서 치료적 환경에 대한 정확한 이해는 간호행위과정의 불완전을 제거하며 보다 활발한 정신과 환자간호에 기여하는 일 일 것이다. DR. Bartom은 병실 환경이 비생산적이고 비 치료적일때 성격의 변화는 물론 행동적 특성의 변화까지 가져올 수 있다고 말했다. 즉 무감동적이고, 무조건적 순종이 있으며 솔선하여 행하는 행위가 줄고 장래 계획에 대한 자극이 줄어들고 될대로 되어 가는 상태 그 자체에 머물러 있어 인간의 특징적 의미와 가치를 상실하게 된다는 것이다. 정신과 병실은 잠정적 체류지로 보아야 하겠고 이 체류지에서의 영향이 환자에게 보다 유익하게 끼칠려면 간호원이 지속적으로 치료적 분위기를 유지해야 할 것이다. 치료적 입장으로서의 간호의 활동 초점은 대인관계에서 환자의 의식수준과 자아관련 수준에서의 취급이 무의식 수준에서의 탐구조사보다 바람직하다. 치료적 가치로써 치료적 환경의 이론적 근거를 DR. Sullivan 은 인간의 상호관련 문제에 두고 있다. 즉 상호작용이 존재하는 환경은 어떠한 곳이든 성격에 영향이 있고 이 성격은 대인관계의 복잡성으로부터 결코 떨어질 수 없다는 얘기다. 자아구성 또한 환경의 영향을 받는데 Cumming은 병동환경과 자아구성 재동기간에 밀접성을 시사한바 있다. Visher와 O'sullivan은 정신과적 치료중에서 일상생활에서 경험되어지는 의사소통과 대인관계속에서 학습되어지는 여러 가지가 있기 때문에 매일의 활동획이 치료적 방향으로 계획되어 져야 한다고 말했다. Maxwell Jones 또한 치료적 환경의 유용한 가동은 전 직원의 기여에 있으며 이는 정신건강을 최적으로 올려 줄 것이다. 라고 말했다. 이러한 상황에서 간호원은 의미 없이 환자의 감정 욕구를 깨닫지 못하고 감정지지를 주지 못하며 정서적 긴장을 예방하지 못한 체 환자와의 관계를 유지한다면 현대간호의 개념에서 이탈되어지고 발달되어지지 못한 미숙아 현상이 유지 될 것이다. 보다 바람직한 치료적 환경 유지는 간호로써 환자에게 기여해 주는 일이다. 간호의 역활과 더불어 전문적 태도는 따뜻하고 포용성 있게 그리고 융통성 있게 대함은 물론 간호인 자신의 "자기이용"을 깊이 그리고 치료적으로 이용할 것을 깨달아야 할 것이다. 즉 정신과 병실에서의 간호원 존재 자제가 환자에게 미치는 영향도 고려해야 한다는 것이다. 덧붙여 환자를 위한 일주일 병동 행사표를 Model로 제시하였고 그 안에서의 간호원의 역활을 약술하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.884-889
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• 2010

Recently, a music genre classification has been studied. However, experts use different criteria to classify each of these classifications is difficult to derive accurate results. In addition, when the emergence of a new genre of music genre is a newly re-defined. Music as a genre rather than to separate search should be classified as emotional words. In this paper, the feelings of people on the basis of brightness and darkness tries to categorize music. The proposed classification system by applying VCM(Variance Considered Machines) is the contrast of the music. In this paper, we are using three kinds of musical characteristics. Based on surveys made throughout the learning, based on musical attributes(beat, timbre, note) was used to study in the VCM. VCM is classified by the trained compared with the results of the survey were analyzed. Note extraction using the MATLAB, sampled at regular intervals to share music via the FFT frequency analysis by the sector average is defined as representing the element extracted note by quantifying the height of the entire distribution was identified. Cumulative frequency distribution in the entire frequency rage, using the difference in Timbre and were quantified. VCM applied to these three characteristics with the experimental results by comparing the survey results to see the contrast of the music with a probability of 95.4% confirmed that the two separate.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2006

Objectives: To explore the quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorders and to evaluate it in terms of source and duration of the pain. Methods: A total of 61 patients with temporomandibular disorders participated in this study. According to pain source, they were divided into 2 groups, masticatory muscle pain (MMP) group and intracapsular pain (ICP) group. And each group was divided into acute phase group (pain duration <6 months) and chronic phase group (pain duration=6 months). The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to measure patients' quality of life. The scores for eight-scale profile and the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of the SF-36 were compared between groups (MMP vs. ICP and acute vs. chronic). Student t-test was used to analyze the difference of the scores of the SF-36 between MMP and ICP groups. Results: MMP group showed significantly lower score in the 3 scales of the SF-36 (Role limitations due to emotional problems, Vitality, Bodily pain) when compared to ICP group. In acute phase there was no significant difference between MMP and ICP group in PCS as well as MCS scores, but in chronic phase MMP group showed significantly lower MCS score than ICP group. Conclusions: The masticatory muscle pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders,negatively influences the quality of life especially in chronic phase, and the mental components of quality of life are significantly interfered in the TMD patients with chronic masticatory muscle pain.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

This study aims to contribute to our knowledge on gender role identity of middle-aged women within the Korean context. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged women between 40-60 years old. We put each of 40 Q samples to become a forced distribution into 9 scales. And then we conducted a secondary analysis of the results from the principal component factor analysis by the PC QUANL program. Gender role identities of middle aged women were classified as four types: "affectionate-sensitive type", "affectionate-confident type", "assertive-confident type", and "sensitive-dominant type". Most of the middle-aged women in Korea tend to keep their original gender role identities. Some of women, however, experience the gender role identity change over time that their traits of traditional caring become more prominent than their affectionate character.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.416-431
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze in-depth the nurses' experience of hospital work and the factors affecting career interruption of nurses. For this purpose, 20 inactive nurses aged 26-55 participated in interviews about their experience as nurses, characteristics of nursing work, and reasons for retirement, and applied the analysis method of Colaizzi among phenomenological research methods. The analysis resulted in 104 significant statements, 17 formulated meanings, 6 clusters of theme, and 2 categories. The two categories are nursing work characteristics and work environment characteristics. In the characteristics of nursing work, there are four clusters of theme of 'time pressure', 'lack of autonomy', 'physical and emotional labor', 'low wage increase', and in the characteristics of nursing work environment, there are two clusters of theme of 'physical environment' and 'human environment'. Therefore, in order to improve the nurse career interruption, efforts should be made to alleviate excessive work intensity, raise the appropriate level of pay and provide a safe working environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.87-97
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to examine empirically the causal relationship between significant adverse outcomes of elderly frailty. The 2017 National Survey on Old Adults was used to test this, but only nine variables necessary for the hypothesis test were abstracted from it. The results of the hypothesis test are summarized as follows. The sub-variables of adverse outcomes, such as disabilities in daily living activities, disabilities in instrumental daily living activities, and health care utilization, were analyzed empirically by inputting sub-variables of six frailty factors into hierarchical regression analysis. In the final model, the physical activities, emotional control, and social support were verified as significant variables influencing the disabilities in daily living activities. These included the following: physical activities, sensory functions, cognition, emotional control and social support as those influencing disabilities in the instrumental daily living activities; and nutrition, physical activities, sensory functions, emotional control, and social support as those influencing the health care utilization. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, it is necessary to develop and implement personalized health management programs that specifically identify elderly weakness factors that affect adverse outcomes, such as disabilities or health care utilization.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.79-93
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• 2023

This study used metaphors as a analysis tool to investigate elementary school students' formation and development of angle concepts. For this purpose, the students were asked to write words associated with angle, right angle, acute angle and obtuse angle and to explain why. In case of angle and right angle, responses of 268 students from 3rd to 6th graders were analyzed and for acute angle and obtuse angle, those of 192 students from 4th to 6th graders were examined. As the results of categorizing the metaphors, they can be classified into categories such as; (1) qualitative aspects: 'things metaphor', 'personality metaphor', 'emotions metaphor' etc., (2) quantitative aspects: 'motions metaphor', 'changes metaphor', 'emotions metaphor' etc., and (3) relational aspects: 'shape relations metaphor.' The metaphoric expressions were prominent in 'qualitative aspects' associated with shapes. As for the other aspects, 'quantitative aspect'- the size of angles and the amount of spread and 'relational aspects' - elements of angle and relationship with another shapes, the frequency increses were shown to as grade levels were up. In case of right angle and acute angle, 'qualitative aspects' associated with shapes were outstanding and the frequency of the metaphoric expressions of obtuse angle was distributed similarly in three aspects. As the figure strand and the measurement strand are integrated to an strand in the 2022 revised curriculum, we need more discussion of multifaced aspects of angle and the learning sequences in the 'figure and measurement' strand.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.135-150
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate how perceived interactivity between the mobile messenger application and its user gives rise to user's enjoyment and continuous usage intention. Perceived interactivity was assumed to be formed by the combination of control, share, and responsiveness in light of the previous studies. The relations between perceived interactivity, enjoyment, and usage intention are hypothesized on the basis of the pleasure-arousal-dominance emotional state model, the theory of reasoned action, and the theory of planned behavior. Survey data were collected from 481 mobile messenger users in Korea and China. In order to test hypotheses, structural equation modeling analyses were conducted. As a result, perceived interactivity concerning connectedness and responsiveness not only positively affected enjoyment, but also had a significant effect on usage intention. However, while control positively influenced usage intention, it was not significantly related to enjoyment. In addition, there was a positive relation between enjoyment and usage intention. Incidentally, multi-group analysis was conducted to explore the differences between Korean and Chinese users. The findings would provide managerial implications for mobile messenger corporations on causal effects of perceived interactivity and the differences of the path coefficients between in Korea and China.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.537-540
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 사람의 감정, 건강상태, 정신상태등 다양한 정보를 포함하고 있는 웃음, 슬픔, 졸림, 놀람, 윙크, 무표정 등의 표정을 인식하기 위한 표정의 특징이 되는 얼굴의 국부적 요소인 눈과 입을 검출하여 표정의 특징을 추출한다. 표정 특징의 추출을 위한 전체적인 알고리즘 과정으로는 입력영상으로부터 칼라 정보를 이용하여 얼굴 영역을 검출하여 얼굴에서 특징점의 위치 정보를 이용하여 국부적 요소인 특징점 눈과 입을 추출한다. 이러한 특징점 추출 과정에서는 에지, 이진화, 모폴로지, 레이블링 등의 전처리 알고리즘을 적용한다. 레이블 영역의 크기를 이용하여 얼굴에서 눈, 눈썹, 코, 입 등의 1차 특징점을 추출하고 누적 히스토그램 값과 구조적인 위치 관계를 이용하여 2차 특징점 추출 과정을 거쳐 정확한 눈과 입을 추출한다. 표정 변화에 대한 표정의 특징을 정량적으로 측정하기 위해 추출된 특징점 눈과 입의 눈과 입의 크기와 면적, 미간 사이의 거리 그리고 눈에서 입까지의 거리 등 기하학적 정보를 이용하여 6가지 표정에 대한 표정의 특징을 추출한다.