• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2021

With the rapid growth of intelligent devices and communication technologies, 5G network environment has become more heterogeneous and complex in terms of service management and orchestration. 5G architecture requires supportive technologies to handle the existing challenges for improving the Quality of Service (QoS) and the Quality of Experience (QoE) performances. Among many challenges, traffic steering is one of the key elements which requires critically developing an optimal solution for smart guidance, control, and reliable system. Mobile edge computing (MEC), software-defined networking (SDN), network functions virtualization (NFV), and deep learning (DL) play essential roles to complementary develop a flexible computation and extensible flow rules management in this potential aspect. In this proposed system, an accurate flow recommendation, a centralized control, and a reliable distributed connectivity based on the inspection of packet condition are provided. With the system deployment, the packet is classified separately and recommended to request from the optimal destination with matched preferences and conditions. To evaluate the proposed scheme outperformance, a network simulator software was used to conduct and capture the end-to-end QoS performance metrics. SDN flow rules installation was experimented to illustrate the post control function corresponding to DL-based output. The intelligent steering for network communication traffic is cooperatively configured in SDN controller and NFV-orchestrator to lead a variety of beneficial factors for improving massive real-time Internet of Things (IoT) performance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.4041-4059
• /
• 2019

Key establishment method based on channel reciprocity for time division duplex (TDD) system has earned a vital consideration in the majority of recent research. While most of the cellular systems rely on frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, especially the 5G network, which is not characterized by the channel reciprocity feature. This paper realizes the generation of a group secret key for multi-terminals communicated through a wireless network in FDD mode, by utilizing the nature of the physical layer for the wireless links between them. I consider a new group key generation approach, which using bitwise XOR with a modified pairwise secret key generation approach not based on the channel reciprocity feature. Precisely, this multi-node secret key agreement technique designed for three wireless network topologies: 1) the triangle topology, 2) the multi-terminal star topology, and 3) the multi-node chain topology. Three multi-node secret key agreement protocols suggest for these wireless communication topologies in FDD mode, respectively. I determine the upper bound for the generation rate of the secret key shared among multi-node, for the three multi-terminals topologies, and give numerical cases to expose the achievement of my offered technique.

• 전자통신동향분석
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 2020

Korea launched the world's first commercial 5G services in April 2019. Mobile traffic is expected to increase further with the acceleration of mobile-centric data utilization. It is one of the most important indexes of the growth of the mobile communications market, and it has a close relationship with frequency demand and supply, network management, and information communication policy. To overcome the limitations of an analytical solution due to the high complexity of the real world, this paper estimates the diffusion of 5G users using systemic thinking and the behavior of individual agents. Based on these demand forecasts, contributions to the establishment of strategic policies are suggested. For better understanding, global 5G predictions of subscribers and mobile traffic are also compared.

• 전자통신동향분석
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2016

4G 대비 50배 이상의 최대 전송률, 1Gbps 이상의 사용자 체감 전송율, $10TB/s/km^2$의 단위 면적당 트래픽 용량, 1ms 이내의 전송 지연, $10^7/km^2$ 고연결 밀도 등의 핵심 성능 지표를 목표로 5G 기술 연구개발이 진행되고 있다. 5G 성능 지표의 달성을 위해 스펙트럼 효율을 증가시키는 무선 전송 기술, 유연성 있는 스펙트럼 사용 기술, 초고주파 대역 활용 전송 기술, 밀집 소형셀 기술 등의 신기술이 무선 액세스망에 적용되고 있으나, 백홀, 미드홀 그리고 프론트홀 등의 전달망 구간에도 높은 데이터 전송률과 매우 낮은 지연 시간을 제공할 새로운 해결책이 요구된다. 본고에서는 다양한 링크 전송 기술과 SDN/NFV를 수용하면서 패킷 스위칭 통합 망을 향해 연구되고 있는 5G 전달망 기술동향을 기술한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 2018

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a form of the emerging 4th industry in the 5G era. IoT is expected to develop naturally in our daily life in the 5G era in which high-speed communication will be completed. Along with the rise of IoT, concerns about security and malicious attacks are also increasing. This paper examines DoS attacks, which are one of the representative security threats of IoT and proposes a local detection and blocking system that are suitable for response to such attacks. First, systems of the LoRaWAN type, which are most actively researched in the IoT system field and DoS attacks that can occur in such systems were examined. Then, the inverse order tree algorithm using regional characteristics was designed as a cluster analysis form. Finally, a system capable of defending denial-of-service attacks in the 5G IoT system using local detection and blocking with the Euclidean distance was designed.

• 전자통신동향분석
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.46-55
• /
• 2023

Extended reality (XR) provides an immersive virtual experience by using various media. The XR virtual environment enables interactions between the real and virtual worlds in virtual, augmented, and mixed reality scenarios. XR is being used in various areas such as industry, medical care, road transportation, gaming, education, and culture. XR and multimedia enhancement are important business scenarios for fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. As users' demand for emerging media services gradually increases, enhancements in networks should be implemented for delivering multimedia services such as XR. We describe related standardization trends and requirements of the XR service in 5G mobile networks. We also discuss technological enhancements for 5G mobile networks as specified by the 3GPP SA2 working group.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 2023

Based on intelligent visual information and 5G, this paper studies the intelligent visual communication of landscape bamboo buildings, and provides a new method of intelligent perception and interactive computing for the real world, which can represent, model, Perception and cognition; through the integration of virtual and real, the situational understanding of the human-machine-material fusion environment and the interaction with nature. The 5G network can well meet the combination of high-bandwidth uplink transmission and low-latency downlink control. At the same time, 5G-based AR intelligent inspection, remote operation and maintenance guidance, and machine vision inspection. Taking the bamboo building as an example, through field inspections to analyze tourism Bamboo buildings before and after development, and the intelligentization of bamboo buildings based on 5G and visual modeling.

• KNOM Review
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2020

최근 과학 기술의 급격한 발전에 따라 네트워크 시장 및 환경이 커지는 중이며, 막대한 양의 트래픽이 발생하고 있다. 특히 5G 네트워크, 엣지 컴퓨팅의 발전으로 이러한 현상은 더욱 가속화 될 전망이다. 하지만 이러한 추세에 따라 네트워크상에서 발생하는 트래픽 과부하, 악성 행위 등의 장애 현상도 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 네트워크 관리자는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고, 초고속 네트워크를 구현하기 위해 네트워크 관리 시스템을 구축해야 하며, 네트워크 관리 시스템을 통해서 네트워크 장비들의 연결 구성에 대해 정확하게 알아야한다. 하지만 기존 네트워크 토폴로지 탐색 방법은 관리자가 수동으로 관리하기 때문에 비효율적이며, 시간 및 비용이 많이 든다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 네트워크 트래픽의 입출량에 따른 네트워크 토폴로지 구성 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법을 실제 네트워크 장비에 적용하여 본 논문의 타당성을 검증한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2020

The fifth generation (5G) is a state-of-the-art mobile communication access technology that uses sub 6 GHz bands and mmWave. Presently, the 5G network is partially deployed along with 4G in areas with dense traffic. In the future, the demand for the 5G bandwidth may increase. Thus, it is necessary to study the coexistence between the 5G and radio systems using adjacent or same channels to eliminate the interference between radio systems and efficiently utilize the frequency. This paper analyzed the impact of 5G new radio downlink on the fixed-satellite service earth station operating at the co-channel and adjacent channel in the upper 3.7 GHz band using the Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool, which is based on the Monte Carlo method. The results of this paper can be utilized for planning the frequency allocation of 5G networks; they can also be used as a guideline for deploying 5G base stations around a fixed-satellite service earth station.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.2697-2710
• /
• 2018

Owing to the development of Internet of Things (IoT), the fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication is going to foresee a substantial increase of mobile traffic demand. Energy efficiency and spectral efficiency are the challenges in a 5G network. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising technique to increase the system efficiency by adaptive power control (PC) in a 5G network. This paper proposes an efficient PC scheme based on evolutionary game theory (EGT) model for uplink power-domain NOMA system. The proposed PC scheme allows users to adaptively adjusts their transmit power level in order to improve their payoffs or throughput which results in an increase of the system efficiency. In order to separate the user signals, a successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver installed at the base station (BS) site. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed EGT-based PC scheme outperforms the traditional game theory-based PC schemes and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) in terms of energy efficiency and spectral efficiency.