• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.701-708
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated Korean women in between age 30 to 60 who were obese or overweight in order to explore their self-perception based on lifetime phase. Methods: Focus group interviews were performed four times with six to eight participants in each group (a total of 27). Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: The data analysis from the interviews revealed recurring common themes: heavy heart, heavy body, resigned acceptance of their own condition, and compromise. The study also found that each age group had different concerns: concerning others' gaze on their obese appearances (30s), realizing their aging obese appearances (40s), recognizing red flags of their health with obesity (50s), and becoming ambivalent about their obese appearances (60s). Overall, their perceptions of being overweight were negative and stressful. Women in their 30s and 40s were more interested in their appearances, and thus were more obsessive about weight gain. In contrast, women in their 50s and 60s were more accepting of their physical appearances, and thus were more concerned about living healthy than losing weight. Conclusion: These results may be useful to consider when developing tailored weight-control programs for obese and overweight Korean women. Additionally, strategic approaches for successful and effective programs targeting healthy weight should be based on better understanding about women's self-perceptions and motivations.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.926-933
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to develop a smart wear equipped with wearable technologies for women in the age of 50's and 60's and confirm its acceptability. For this, we constructed a casual jacket that has the integration of heating and lighting function, and evaluated the user's satisfaction. The size of the heating device attached at the back of the jacket was 300 mm in width and 120 mm in length and the size of the one attached at the front abdomen was 180 mm in width and 120 mm in length. The power supplier was the unification of the battery and controller which have been waterproofed. The lighting device connected with LED was 26mm in width, 20 mm in length and 1.5 mm in thickness. It has been designed in a waterproofed rectangular shape and was attachable to the jacket. The satisfaction survey of a smart jacket has been conducted with three standards, which were convenience, appearance and practicality. Free physical movement among the standard of convenience had very high scores with the average of 4.7 on a five point-scale. The acceptability of the jacket was 4.6, which proved that it didn't have unique feelings compared to ordinary ones. The evaluation score of the appearance of the jacket was 4.5. Especially inside finishing of the jacket received the highest scores from all ages. According to the evaluation of practicality, there has been no change in the appearance of the jacket and the function of heating device after laundry.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.834-849
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the trends of cataract surgery and the recognition of cataract. Methods: ; It enrolled a total of 150 respondents, comprising 72 men and 78 women, who reside in Busan Metropolitan City, Ulsan Metropolitan City and Kyeong-nam Province. By the age groups, they include 44 people in their 20s, 24 in their 30s, 24 in their 40s, 26 in their 50s and 32 aged 60 years or older. In addition, the current study was conducted by dividing the respondents into two groups: people with cataract or not. Moreover, it was also conducted mainly for younger people. Results: 1. As for age of cataract operation, this study say that 1 patient was in their 20s, 3 patients in their 30s, 3 patients in their 40s, 6 patients in their 50s, and 7 patients in their over 60s. 2. In the question about whether they know about cataract, 100 respondents answered 'I know', 50 answered 'I do not know', 67% answered 'I know', 33% answered 'I do not know'. 3. As for pathways to know about cataract, of the total 120 respondents, 49 (41%) were in the media, 20 (17%) were Internet users, 26 (22%) were acquaintances, and 10 (7%) were specialty books, and 15 (13%) were 'others'. 4. As for cataract causes, 20 respondents (13%) answered 'exposure to sunlight', 12 (8%) answered 'electronic devices', 7 answered 'hereditary' 89 (60%) answered, and 22 (14%) answered 'eye disease'. 5. Twenty (13%) answered 'extremely yes', 40 (27%) answered 'yes', and 31 (21%) answered 'normal' when asked whether the use of smartphone was affected by cataracts. 48 (32%) answered 'little', and 11 (7%) answered 'not at all'. Our results showed that many people aged 50 years or older developed cataract and received surgery. It was also shown, however, that people in their 20s to 40s also developed cataract and received surgery. Conclusions: Our eyes are exposed to many places. Many people are unaware of cataracts, despite the fact that cataracts are gradually getting younger, due to the development of electronic devices and the use of electrical appliances. We should have interest in many information and contents about cataracts, knowing the importance to eyes, and gradually reducing the use of many electronic devices in young people.

• 복식
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data reflecting body characteristics for production of briefs by classifying lower body types of women in their 40s, 50s and 60s. The results are as follows: First, measurements for height-related items decreased while the measurements for width and depth items increased with age. However, 'hip width' and 'hip depth' items showed no significant differences among the age groups. In addition, no visible differences appeared in the length items among the age groups but 'waist to hip' and 'outside leg' lengths showed decreasing values according to age. Second, four factors were established from the factor analysis: 'obesity level around waist and abdomen', 'vertical length of the lower body', 'thickness and obesity level of lower limbs', and, 'size and shape of buttocks'. Lastly, cluster analysis resulted in the classification of the four factors mentioned above. Type 2 appeared the most, representing women in their 40s~60s. Type 1(n=257) was referred as 'slender with a short lower body', Type 2(n=443) as 'plump with short lower body', Type 3(n=224) as 'slender with long lower body', and Type 4(n=199) as 'obese around abdomen and lower limbs'.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.206-209
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• 2002

2002년 2월부터 3월까지 오레건 주에 위치한 오레건 해안 수조와 뉴포트 어시장으로부터 16마리의 볼락류 Sebastes spp.를 채집하여 검사한 결과, 3종의 볼락류로부터 총 157개체의 아니사키스 유충이 검출되었으며 50.0%의 감염률을 나타내었다. 3종의 볼락류인 Sebastes flavidus, S. crameri, S. pinniger로부터 Anisakis simplex유충 110 개체, Contracaecum app. 유충 30개체 그리고 Pseudoteryanova decipiens 유충 17개체가 각각 검출되었다. 아니사키스 유충의 감염부위는 장관, 장간막과 위벽이었다. A. simplex 유충은 S. crameri에서 60%, S. flavidus와 S. pinniger에서 각각 33.3%의 감염률을 나타내었다. Contracaecum spp. 유충과 P. decipiens 유충은 S. pinniger에서 33.3％의 감염률을 나타내었다. A. simplex 유충의 감염강도는 5. flavidus, S. crameri 그리고 S. pinniger에서 1에서 87이었고 Contracaecum spp.유충과 P. decipiens 유충은 S. pinniger에서 0에서 30까지 나타내었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2007

We studied the optimal ranges of water and soil characteristics for wetland plants, particularly Scirpus tabernaemontani (softstem bulrush) and Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail), which are dominant species with potential for restoration of Korean wetlands. We observed vegetation in S. tabernaemontani and T. latifolia communities from the mid to late June, 2005, and measured characteristics of water environments such as water depth (WD), temperature (WT), conductivity (WC), and concentration of several ions $(NO_3{^-}-N,\;Ca^{2+},\;Na^+,\;Mg^{2+},\;and\;K^+)$, and characteristics of soil environments such as soil texture, organic matter (loss on ignition, LOI), conductivity, and pH. The S. tabernaemontani community was accompanied by Zizania latifolia (Manchurian wildrice), Persicaria thunbergii (Korean persicary), Actinostemma lobatum (lobed actinostemma), and Beckmannia syzigachne (American slough grass), while the T. latifolia community was accompanied by P. thunbergii, T. angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail), and Glycine soja (wild soybean). We defined the optimal range for distribution (ORD) as the range that each plant was crowded. The optimal range of water characteristics for the S. tabernaemontani community was a $WD\;10{\sim}50cm,\;WT\;24.0{\sim}32.0^{\circ}C,\;WC\;100{\sim}500{\mu}S/cm,\;{NO_3}{^-}-N\;0{\sim}60ppb,\;K^+\;0.00{\sim}1.50ppm,\;Ca^{2+}\;7.50{\sim}17.50ppm,\; Na^+\;2.50{\sim}12.50ppm,\;and\;Mg^{2+}\;3.00{\sim}7.00ppm$. In addition, the optimal range of soil characteristics for the S. tabernaemontani community was a soil texture of loam, silty loam, and loamy sand, $LOI\;8.0{\sim}16.0%,\;pH\;5.25{\sim}6.25$, and conductivity $10{\sim}70{\mu}S/cm$. The optimal range of water characteristics for the T. latifolia community was a $WD\;10{\sim}30cm,\;WT\;22.5{\sim}27.5^{\circ}C,\;WC\;100{\sim}400{\mu}S/cm,\;{NO_3}{^-}-N\;0{\sim}60ppb,\;K^+\;0.00{\sim}1.50ppm,\;Ca^{2+}\;0.00{\sim}17.50ppm,\;Na^+\;0.00{\sim}12.50ppm,\;and\;Mg^{2+}\;0.00{\sim}5.00ppm$, and the optimal range of soil characteristics for the T. fatifolia community was a soil texture of loam, sandy loam, and silty loam, LOI $3.0{\sim}9.0%,\;pH\;5.25{\sim}7.25$, and conductivity $0{\sim}70{\mu}S/cm$.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2012

본 연구는 서울에 위치한 야간 응급실이 있는 S 대학병원의 2009년 1월 1일부터 2009년 12월 31까지 내원한 환자 중 구강악안면부 외상 상병명(한국질병 분류기호: S01.5, S02.40, S02.41, S02.50, S02.51, S02.60, S02.61, S03.2)으로 집계된 1,696건의 자료 중 1,495건의 전산 통계자료를 이용하여, 구강악안면 외상발생 요인에 대한 자료를 분석하고 평가하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 성별 외상발생 남녀비는 1.49:1로 남자에서 더 많았고 남자가 894명(59.8%), 여자가 601명(40.2%)으로 나타났다. 2. 연령별로 외상발생은 7~14세(19.6%)에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 50~59세(13.7%), 60~69세(12.6%), 20~29세(11.8%), 30~39세(10.8%), 40~49세(9.6%), 6세 이하(9.4%), 70세 이상(605%), 15~19세(6.0%) 순으로 나타났다. 3. 원인별로는 넘어짐(25.9%)이 가장 많았고, 부딪힘(11.8%), 저작(11.6%), 교통사고((6.0%), 폭력(5.3%), 스포츠(2.4%), 추락(0.7%)의 순으로 나타났다. 4. 장소에 대한 분포는 등산, 해변, 야외 등 기타 장소가(24.7%) 가장 많았고, 공공장소 및 사무실(19.6%), 집(19.4%), 도로 길(13.8%), 학교 유치원 어린이 집(7.9%), 운동장(5.2%), 놀이터(3.6%)와 공원(3.6%), 그리고 계단(2.0%) 순으로 나타났다. 5. 외상발생 부위는 전치부(43.2%)와 구치부(43.1%)가 많았고, 이어 악골(9.2%), 혀, 입술 및 주위조직(2.6%), 악관절(1.9%) 순이었다. 6. 외상발생 시간은 15~19시(10.4%)와 19~23시 (7.1%)가 높게 나타났다. 발생 원인별 시간은 넘어짐의 경우 15~19시(14.7%), 추락의 경우 7~11시(27.3%), 부딪힘의 경우 15~19시(22.1%), 폭력에 의한 경우 19~23시와 23~3시(26.6%)에 각각 동일하게 높게 나타났고, 교통사고의 경우 15~19시(28.9%), 스포츠 활동의 경우 15~19시(48.6%), 저작 등에서는 19~23시(3.4%)에 높게 나타났다, 7. 외상 원인별 상병명은 넘어짐의 경우 S01.5 (입술 및 구강의 열린 상처), 추락의 경우 S02.51 (개방성 치아의 파절), 부딪힘의 경우 S02.50 (폐쇄성 치아의 파절), 폭력의 경우 S02.60 (폐쇄성 아래턱뼈의 골절), 교통사고와 스포츠, 저작 등의 경우 각각 S02.50 (폐쇄성 치아의 파절)이 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 구강악안면부 외상사고에 대한 역학적 특성을 이해하고 경향을 고려하여 체계적인 구강악안면부 외상사고 예방대책 및 보완정책 수립과 적극적인 안전교육 및 홍보 활동이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제50권11호
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• pp.791-800
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• 2022

능동 진동 제어 시스템(Active vibration control system, AVCS)을 이용하여 헬리콥터 기체의 능동 진동 제어 시 우수한 진동 제어 성능을 얻기 위하여서는 진동 상쇄 하중 발생기의 개수, 위치 및 하중 방향의 조합의 최적화가 중요하다. 따라서 고려 가능한 모든 하중 발생기의 조합에 대하여 헬리콥터 기체에 대한 AVCS의 진동 제어 성능을 조사하기 위해 Exhaustive 시험 기법을 적용한 AVCS 프레임워크를 구축하였다. 로터 진동 하중 해석, 기체 진동 응답 해석 및 AVCS 시뮬레이션 연구를 수행하기 위해 DYMORE II, MSC.NASTRAN 및 MATLAB Simulink 등 다양한 프로그램을 사용하였다. 이를 이용하여 비행 속도 158 knots의 UH-60A 헬리콥터에 대한 AVCS 적용을 위한 CRFG 조합을 최적화하였다. 최적의 CRFG 조합이 적용된 AVCS를 통해 UH-60A 헬리콥터의 4P 기체 진동 응답을 능동 제어한 결과, 기체의 주요 위치에서 4P 기체 진동 응답이 19.35~98.07%만큼 감소될 수 있었다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2020

본 논문은 multiplex deposition sputter system을 이용하여 ITO 유리에 CdS 박막을 증착하여 태양전지에 적용될 수 있는 가장 좋은 조건을 찾고자 하였다. RF power를 50W, 100W, 150W로 변화주었고 스퍼터링시간은 10분으로 하였다. 투과율을 측정한 결과, 400~800 nm 영역에서 평균 투과율은 60%에서 80% 까지 측정되었으며 150W일 때 84%로 가장 좋은 특성이 측정되었다. 또한 밴드갭은 50W일 때 3.762eV, 100W일 때 4.037eV, 150W일 때 4.052eV로 측정되었다. XRD 분석에서는 RF power가 증가하여도 CdS의 구조인 Wurtzite(hexagonal)로 관찰되었다. 그리고 RF power가 증가할수록 입자가 크고 균일하게 증착 되었나, 100W 일 때 입자들이 조밀하게 구성되었고 밀도가 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 두께 측정 결과 RF power 가 증가할수록 균일성 있게 증가되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2018

The traditional gold mining in Kulon Progo district, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province produced tailings containing mercury (Hg) from the gold amalgamation process. Mercury accumulated in tailings has 164.19 mg/kg - 383.21 mg/kg in total concentration. Stabilization/solidification (S/S) is one of the remediation technologies to reduce waste pollution. Portland cement is one of the additive materials in S/S that effective encapsulates heavy metal waste. The aim of this research is to know the optimum composition of tailings mixture with Portland cement in S/S process. This research used variation of tailings composition. Variation of Portland cement composition with tailing are 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80 and 10:90. The result of this study found that the optimum composition of Portland cement: tailings was 10:90, with compression test of $257ton/m^2$ and TCLP test was 0.0069 mg/L. The compression test results were in accordance to US EPA Standard quality of $35ton/m^2$. TCLP test results meet the standard of Indonesian Government Regulation No. 101 Year 2014 of 0.05 mg/L.