• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 1994

A zearalenone derivative, methyldihydroxyzearalenone has been isolated from a plant pathogenic fungus, Drechslera portulacae which causes necrosis on the leaves and stem of Portulaca oleracea. It was characterized as 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10-hexahydro-8, 9, 16-trihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecine-1, 7(8H)-dione on the basis of spectral analysis. Methyldihydroxyzearalenone treatment at $3{\times}10^{-5}M$ inhibited root length of Echinochloa crus-galli and Abutilon avicennae by 35.7% and 72.6% as compared with the control, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.73-86
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is the identification of (N-2-hydroxy-3-butenyl) valine(HBVal adduct) and (N-2,3,4-trihydroxy-butyl)valine(THBVal adduct)with mice inhalation exposure with 1,3-butadiene for 3 weeks($6\;hr/day\;{\times}\;5\;days/week$). Body weights were significantly lower from 4 or 9 exposure post-day in 1000 or 500ppm inhalation group than in control. The levels of HBVal adducts are 1.8, 3.7 and 6.2 pmol/mg globin in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 500 ppm 1,3-butadiene(BD), and 5.7, 7.4 and 16.0 pmol/mg globin in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 1000 ppm BD inhalation exposure. The levels of THBVal adducts are 32.0, 42.0 and 55.0 pmol/mg globin in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 500 ppm BD, and 67.8, 72.7 and 83.5 pmol/mg globin in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 1000 ppm BD inhalation exposure. Their ratios of THBVal and HBVal adducts are higher at earlier exposure and lower concentration. They are17.8, 11.4 and 8.87 in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 500 ppm BD, and 11.9, 9.8 and 5.2 in $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$ , and $3^{rd}$ week for 1000 ppm BD inhalation exposure. In conclusion, THBVal and HBVal adducts are a important hemoglobin adduct for monitoring of BD exposure, and the latter is more biomarker than the other.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-307
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• 2004

1,3-butadiene(DB) is a well-established rodent carcinogen, and a probable carcinogen to humans. This study was investigated the formation of hemoglobin adduct in ICR female mice inhaled with BD for 3 weeks (5 hr/day, 5 days/week). Body weights of mice were significantly low from onward day 4 or 9 of exposure comparing the control. Hemoglobin adducts formed by DB exposure were (N-2-hydroxy-3-butenyl) valine (HB Val adduct) and (N-2,3,4-trihydroxy-butyl)valine(THB Val adduct). The levels of HB Val adducts were 1.8, 3.7 and 6.2 pmol/mg globin for the 500 ppm BD inhalation group, and 5.7, 7.4 and 16.0 pmol/mg globin for the 1000 ppm BD inhalation group, when observed on the $1^{st},\;2^{nd},\;and\;3^{rd}$ week after inhalation exposure, respectively. The levels of THBVal adducts were 32.0, 42.0 and 55.0 pmol/mg globin for the 500 ppm DB inhalation group, and 67.8, 72.7 and 83.5 pmol/mg globin for the 1000 ppm BD inhalation group, when observed on the $1^{st},\;2^{nd},\;and\;3^{rd}$ week after inhalation exposure, respectively. Ratios of THBVal and HBVal adducts were higher at earlier exposure period and lower concentration. Ratios on the $1^{st},\;2^{nd},\;and\;3^{rd}$ week were 17.8, 11.4 and 8.87 for the 500 ppm BD inhalation group, and 11.9, 9.8 and 5.2 for the 1000 ppm BD inhalation group, respectively. In conclusion, THB Val and HB Val adducts were the important hemoglobin adducts in ICR female mice inhaled with BD, and the latter was more appropriate biomarker than the other for biological monitoring of BD exposure.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.260-261
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• 1987

The UV-pattern of several flavones, theier cytotoxicities against L1210 cell and their Inhibiting effects on ATPase from the cell seem to be correlated. 5.2'-Dihydroxy 6, 7, 8, 6'-tetramethoxyflavone ($ED_{50}$ = 2.3 ug/ml) and 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-6, 7, 8 trimethoxy flavone ($ED_{50}$ = 4.5 ug/ml), the most active flavones studied, have shown a narrow range of the absorbance ratio, Log $\varepsilon$ II/Log $\varepsilon$ I = 1.073 -1.109. They have inhibited the ATPase-activity to the greatest extent. These finding ssuggest that a certain angle between the flavone rings B and C plays an important role for the inhibition of the enzyme activity and thus the cytotoxicity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2021

The fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were extracted with 70% aqueous methanol (MeOH) and the concentrates were partitioned into ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water (H₂O) fractions. The repeated silica gel (SiO₂) and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies for the EtOAc fraction, whose activity was confirmed, led to isolation of one flavone compound. Nuclear magnetic resornance, infrarad spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy (MS) revealed the chemical structure of the isolated compound, 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-6,4',5'-trimethoxyflavone (1). LC-MS/MS analysis determined the content level of compounds 1 in the MeOH extract to be 4.02±0.12 ㎍/mg and in the TME-10 fraction to be 0.96±0.03 ㎍/mg. Through this study, the antioxidantive capacity was confirmed by demonstrating that the L. esculentum extract and their fractions showing an increase in glutathione mean and a decrease in glutathione heterogeneity uniformly raises the intracellular glutathione level.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.423-428
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• 1996

A superoxide anion radical scavenger isolated from Capsella bursa-pastoris was characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, sugar analysis, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, $^{1}H$ and $^{13}C$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass analysis. The compound was assumed to be a flavonoid-O-glycoside from IR spectrum and UV absorption maxima. When the sugar composition of the compound was examined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) of the acid hydrolysate, only glucose was detected. According to the results of UV spectrotroscopy by using shift reagents, the compound was supposed to be luteolin (5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy flavone) or chrysoeriol (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy flavone) with glucose. Based on $^{1}H$- and $^{13}C-NMR$ spectroscopies, the compound was deduced as 7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-${\alpha}$-6-c-glucosyl-${\beta}$-2"-o-glucosyl flavone. In FAB mass analysis the compound was finally characterized as 7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-${\alpha}$-6-c-glucosyl-${\beta}$-2"-o-glucosyl flavone ($C_{29}H_{34}O_{16}$, M.W.=638).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.217-221
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• 2016

Endophytic fungi have yielded a variety of secondary metabolites so far. In the course of the project to find bioactive secondary metabolites from cultures of endophytic fungi, an isolate of Arthrinium phaeospermum (JS 0567) was selected for chemical investigation. A large scale culture of this strain in rice media was extracted with an organic solvent and the extract was subjected to a serious of chromatography, which led to six metabolites. Their chemical structures were elucidated as 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(1), 2,3,4,6,8-pentahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(2), 3,4,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(3), 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1-methylxanthone(4), 2,4,2',4',6'-pentahydroxy-6-methylbenzophenone(5), and 5,7-di hydroxy-3-methylphthalide(6) on the basis of spectroscopic data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the secondary metabolites from Arthrinium phaeospermum.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.168-177
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• 1986

Bioassay-directed isolation has yielded some cytotoxic substances against L1210 cell from the Korean traditional medicine. These include 5,2'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,6'-teramethoxyflavone $(IV,\;scutellaria\;root,\;ED_{50}\;=\;1.7\;{mu}g/ml)$, 7-geranyloxycoumarin $(XXXII,\;poncirus\;fruit,\;10.2\;{mu}g/ml) $and panaxydol $(I,\;white\;ginseng,\;0.03\;{mu}g/ml)$. IV, XXXII and their derivatives were synthesized in the purpose of in vivo tests and for observation of structure-activity relations. Among the flavone derivatives, 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy flavone (XVIII), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy-6'-benzyloxyflavone (XVII) and 5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone (X) showed the cytotoxicity which has no correlation to the flavone structures. Of the coumarins synthesized, 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (XXVI), 6-7-dihydroxycoumarin (XXIX) and 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (XXXI) showed considerable activities. Acetylated XXXI has moderate activity $(ED_{50}=17.2\;{mu}g/ml)$. Monobydroxycoumarins or their methyl and allyl ether were inactive. IV inhibits the growth of the solid form of S-180 by 70% at 40 mg/kg and shows T/C of 166% on the ascitic S-180 at 40 mg/kg. It strongly inhibits the activity of the membrane bounded ATPase from L1210 cell. The most cytotoxic fraction of the antitumor materials studied is the one from the trichosanthes root showing $ED_{50}=0. 0003\;{mu}g/ml$ against L1210 cell. This fraction, obtained from ethyl acetate extract, showed T/C of 130 and 135%, on ICR mice bearing S-180 and $BDF_1$ mice bearing L1210 at 10 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.2098-2100
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• 2009

A new tetrahydroanthracene, 3,6,9-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydroanthracen-1(2H)-one (1), six phenolics, moscatilin (2), gigantol (3), batatasin (4), moscatin (5), 9,10-dihydromoscatin (6), 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,4,7-triol (7), and a sesquiterpenoid, corchoionoside C (8), together with two sterols $\beta$-sitosterol (9) and daucosterol (10), were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium polyanthum. Compounds 1 and 2 were assessed for cytotoxic activity against two human tumor cell lines (A549 and HL-60).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.234-239
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• 1992

Seven flavonoid components were isolated from fr. C of Scutellariae radix which showed antagonistic effects against bradykinin(BK). The results indicated that two oxygen functions (either -OH or $-OCH_3$) at 2'- and 6'-positions and/or an oxygen function at 6-position of flavone seemed to be favored for the BK inhibitory activities. Skullcapflavone-II(IV) which contains $6-OCH_3$, 2'-OH and $6-OCH_3$ in the structure was the most active among the flavones tested.