• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.474-479
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• 2016

As the Eco-energy is recently required, electrical energy is fast increased. Several induction heating methods are attractive for Eco-energy and energy saving. In this paper, electrical fan heater was designed and developed with new concept for energy saving by electromagnetic induction heating. Proposed system was composed of three module, blast part, induction heating part and power transformation part. Induction heating method was adapted for heating and the resonant inverter was used for increasing of the power transformation efficiency. Full-bridge resonant inverter was adopted to resonant inverter. This system was composed of induction heating part made with metal(SUS 40 series), and power transformation part made with rectifier module, filter module and resonant inverter. From these results, the proposed new electric heater could be saved the energy from faster increasing the temperature compared to commercial gas and other electric heater. This electrical fan heater is possible to be used in field of home, commercial and agricultural area for eco-energy saving heater.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.467-482
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• 2012

In this research, the TRIZ program was developed for the growth of creativity of elementary school students. As for the TRIZ program that was developed in this research, it reconfigured the 40 of principles of the TRIZ within current curriculum, so that it would be possible for all elementary school students to receive their education in school for the growth of creativity. In order to adopt the 4-stages-class model that was developed, I made sample kit for utilizing TRIZ, and developed lesson plans along with materials 13-worksheet for lower-grade students, as well as lesson plans along with materials 12-worksheet, for higher-grade students. This program was applied to 2nd grade students of Y elementary school and 6th grade students of J elementary school, and according to the DESK theory, I subdivided the creativity into fluency, flexibility, originality, and exquisiteness, and it was shown that all of fluency, flexibility, originality, and exquisiteness were developed in elementary students who participated in TRIZ program compared with non-participated students. In conclusion, it was possible to understand that TRIZ program was effective for the growth of creativity of elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.333-366
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is principle and theory of main class in a Library Classification. According to Sayers, 'The foundation of the library is the book; the foundation of librarianship is classification.' We looked at the between scientific and bibliographic classification, and at the fact that bibliographic scheme is usually an aspect classification. That is to say, the organization of topics is based on areas or activity and the first division of the scheme is into disciplines or subject domains. This first division of classification creates what are called main class. The sequence of main classes is also important. A rough definition of a amin class is that it corresponds to a sin91e notational character. Main classes usually equivalent to traditional disciplines. What constitutes a main class will vary from one classification to another. The order in which the main classes are listed is often discussed at the theoretical level, and some orders are considered to be better than others.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.31-40
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to develop and implement a smart device based instructional analysis application to enhance the efficiency of teaching in class. The main design features for this application are as follows: first, User Interface(UI) has been simplified to provide teachers a clear and easy-to-understand way to utilize the application. Second, the characteristics of Korean language were considered, such as sentence structure. Third, multi-aspect analysis is possible through adopting three analysis types - Flanders' interaction analysis, Tuckman's analysis, Mcgraw's concentration of instruction analysis. The practical instructional analysis application has been developed through this study, and this user-oriented application will be able to help teachers improve the quality of teaching in class. Also, this study can be a starting point for further researches on design principles of instructional analysis, especially with the recent technology and theories, such as a voice-recognition system, an edutainment applied instruction and an experiential learning.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 1999

과거 수십년간 여러 가지 다른 레이저를 이용한 치아경조직에 대한 몇 가지의 생체외적 실험이 이루어졌다. 그러나 그 결과는 좋지 못하였다. 그러한 주 문제는 열작용이었다. 미국 식품의약국(FDA)에서 사용하도록 허가된 Er:YAG 레이저는 인간의 생체 치아를 삭제할 수 있는 최초의 레이저이다. 치아 삭제가 열작용의 원리에 의해 이루어지기는 하지만, 경조직의 미세폭발에 의하기 때문에 주변의 경조직과 연조직에 미치는 열작용은 거의 없다. 본 연구에서는 최근 국내에서 최초로 개발된 Er:YAG 레이저를 사용하여, 상아질과 법랑질에 일회 조사시 다양한 에너지 수준에 따른 삭제율을 연구하였다. 건조된 10개의 치아가 선택되었으며, 각각은 에폭시 레진에 포매되어 경화되었다. 그 후 다섯 개의 치아는 저속회전 다이아몬드 휠로써 교합면 삭제를 통해 상아질이 노출되었으며, 나머지 다섯 개의 치아는 협측 혹은 설측을 삭제하여 평평한 표면의 법랑질을 만들도록 하였다. 준비된 상아질과 법랑질 치아의 표면은 각각의 에너지 수준의 레이저를 조사할 6개의 구획으로 나누어 표본으로 삼았다. 상아질과 법랑질 표본은 에너지 수준에 따른 5개의 실험군(40 mJ, 80 mJ, 120 mJ, 160 mJ, 200 mJ)으로 나누어 그 삭제율을 분석하였다. 삭제된 부피는 삼차원 영상 표면분석기로 측정하였으며, 통계적으로 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 상아질과 법랑질간의 삭제율의 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.0001). 2. 에너지 수준에 따른 삭제율의 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.0001). 3. 각각의 에너지 수준에서 상아질과 법랑질간의 삭제율의 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으나(p<0.05), 40 mJ과 80 mJ에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4. 상아질에서 각각의 에너지 수준 간의 삭제율이 유의한 차이를 보였으나(p<0.01), 160 mJ과 200 mJ간에는 삭제율의 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 법랑질에서도 각각의 에너지 수준 간의 삭제율이 유의한 차이를 보였으나(p<0.01), 120 mJ, 160 mJ, 200 mJ 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 건조된 치아에 다양한 에너지 수준의 Er:YAG 레이저를 적용했을 경우 상아질과 법랑질의 삭제 부피를 연구하여 정량화 및 통계적 분석을 하였다. 그 결과, Er:YAG 레이저는 치아경조직의 삭제에 매우 유용하였으며, 앞으로도 이를 임상적으로 널리 이용하기까지 좀더 다양하고 심화된 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.3 s.21
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• pp.29-40
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• 2002

In photogrammetry, the accuracy is analyzed by using the coordinate of the targeted position determined by the geometric principle, thus, the reliability depends on the accuracy of the coordinate of the targeted position. Thereby, geographic surveying is essential to perform such tasks, and it requires approximately $30{\sim}50%$ of total cost and times to produce a finalized map. The main purpose of this study is to determine the configuration of the disposition of minimum datum points and their configuration, which were determined by surveying values available through using the structure of block model based on the aerotriangulation. ortho projection image was produce and digital topographic map was achieved by the optima model(CASE7). We also performed comparative analysis about the result of local datum point and the accuracy of overlapping based on the surveying results. Consequently, it is possible to analyze the unknown position accurately with the optimal model., CASE 7, which is the minimum datum points configuration required to block adjustment. Furthermore, this optimal model, which provides the minimum datum points, results costs and time saving effects compared to the previous methodology.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.19-40
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• 2009

승자독식(Winner Takes All)이라는 글로벌 경쟁원리로 인해 세계 주요 국가들 사이에 R&D 경쟁이 갈수록 치열해지고 있다. 이에 우리나라에서도 R&D 지원 확대 및 다양한 정책기획 활동 등이 전개되었다. 이러한 노력에도 불구하구 국가 차원에서 기획 및 정책조정이 효과적으로 추진되지 못하고 있으며, 국가연구개발사업 차원에서는 "기획의 양척 과다와 질적 부실"이라는 비판이 제기되고 있다. 반면에 기술 융복합화의 가속화 등 R&D 환경의 불확실성은 더욱 높아졌으며 국가연구개발사업의 규모 증가와 함께 연구기획의 복잡성은 더욱 더 높아졌다. 최근에는 국가 차원의 비전수립과 중장기 정책기획에 기초하여 사업기획과 과제기획을 연계 수행하는 등 기획을 통해 과제를 도출하는 하향식 접근이 강조되면서 기획의 중요성은 더욱 커졌다. 최근 연구기획의 새로운 기법으로서 정보분석 방법론(Information Analysis Method)이 대두되고 있다. 국가연구개발사업의 효율적 기획을 위하여 기존 기술기획 위원회(Peer Review) 방식 외에 정보분석 방법론을 통한 보완이 필요하다. 본고의 목적 크게 두 가지로 설명할 수 있다. 첫째, 현재 진행되고 있는 연구기획 및 연구기획 방법론으로 기장 많이 활용되고 있는 전문가 위원회의 한계를 제시하였다. 둘째, 최근 대두되고 있는 정보분석 방법론과 정보분석 시스템 구축, 그리고 이를 활용한 10대 기술(반도체, 디스플레이, 디지털 망원전파, 이동통신, BcN, 차세대 컴퓨팅, SW솔류션, 디지털콘텐츠, 임베디드 SW, 지식정보보안)에 대한 유망기술 발굴 실증분석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.385-398
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• 2020

This study aims to examine genetics problem-solving processes of high school students with different learning approaches. Two second graders in high school participated in a task that required solving the complicated pedigree problem. The participants had similar academic achievements in life science but one had a deep learning approach while the other had a surface learning approach. In order to analyze in depth the students' problem-solving processes, each student's problem-solving process was video-recorded, and each student conducted a think-aloud interview after solving the problem. Although students showed similar errors at the first trial in solving the problem, they showed different problem-solving process at the last trial. Student A who had a deep learning approach voluntarily solved the problem three times and demonstrated correct conceptual framing to the three constraints using rule-based reasoning in the last trial. Student A monitored the consistency between the data and her own pedigree, and reflected the problem-solving process in the check phase of the last trial in solving the problem. Student A's problem-solving process in the third trial resembled a successful problem-solving algorithm. However, student B who had a surface learning approach, involuntarily repeated solving the problem twice, and focused and used only part of the data due to her goal-oriented attitude to solve the problem in seeking for answers. Student B showed incorrect conceptual framing by memory-bank or arbitrary reasoning, and maintained her incorrect conceptual framing to the constraints in two problem-solving processes. These findings can help in understanding the problem-solving processes of students who have different learning approaches, allowing teachers to better support students with difficulties in accessing genetics problems.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2024

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) including Saxitoxin (STX) is caused by harmful algae, and poisoning occurs when the contaminated seafood is consumed. The mouse bioassay (MBA), a standard test method for detecting PSP, is being sanctioned in many countries due to its low detection limit and the animal concerns. An alternative to the MBA is the Neuro-2a cell-based assay. This study aimed to establish various test conditions for Neuro-2a assay, including cell density, culture conditions, and STX treatment conditions, to suit the domestic laboratory environment. As a result, the initial cell density was set to 40,000 cells/well and the incubation time to 24 hours. Additionally, the concentration of Ouabain and Veratridine (O/V) was set to 500/50 μM, at which most cells died. In this study, we identified eight concentrations of STX, ranging from 368 to 47,056 fg/μl, which produced an S-shaped dose-response curve when treated with O/V. Through inter-laboratory variability comparison of the Neuro-2a assay, we established five Quality Control Criteria to verify the appropriateness of the experiments and six Data Criteria (Top and Bottom OD, EC₅₀, EC₂₀, Hill slop, and R² of graph) to determine the reliability of the experimental data. The Neuro-2a assay conducted under the established conditions showed an EC₅₀ value of approximately 1,800~3,500 fg/μl. The intra- & inter-lab variability comparison results showed that the coefficients of variation (CVs) for the Quality Control and Data values ranged from 1.98% to 29.15%, confirming the reproducibility of the experiments. This study presented Quality Control Criteria and Data Criteria to assess the appropriateness of the experiments and confirmed the excellent repeatability and reproducibility of the Neuro-2a assay. To apply the Neuro-2a assay as an alternative method for detecting PSP in domestic seafood, it is essential to establish a toxin extraction method from seafood and toxin quantification methods, and perform correlation analysis with MBA and instrumental analysis methods.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.339-349
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• 2001

The aim of this study is to explore effective teaching strategies through an investigation of the problem-solving abilities and reasons for the unsuccessful problem solving of pre-service teachers. The participants of the study were 60 pre-service teachers who were expected to teach earth science in elementary school (40) and secondary school (20). The participants had taken a course in astronomy before they took part in the present study. The instruments for the study were a paper-and-pencil test and interviews. The results demonstrated that the pre-service teachers' abilities to solve problems were low. The pre-service teachers of the elementary school were inferior to those of the secondary school in their problem solving abilities. The causes for the unsuccessful problem solving were identified as follows: (1) lack of prerequisite knowledge to understand the motions of the moon and the planets, (2) failure to represent problems based on solution principles, (3) failure to apply the knowledge acquired in one setting to another, different setting, (4) frames of reference the frameworks for everyday life situation and for earth science problem situation, and (5) rote-memorization of facts rather than understanding the cause-and-effect relationships. The above causes for unsuccessful problem solving seemed to be related to the characteristics of novice problem solvers in general and of the tasks about the motions of the moon and the planets. Suggestions are made to enhance pre-service teachers' problem solving abilities based on the result of the study.