• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.277-280
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• 1997

The effects of acetic acid (AA) on aerobic plate counts (APC), gram-negative bacterial counts (GNC), and generation time (GT) in chicken wings stored at 4* were assessed. Chicken wings were treated with 0.5-1.5% (v/v) AA at exposure times of 5 min. Treatments of AA for 5 min significantly (P<0.05) reduced aerobic plate counts (APC) and gram-negative bacterial counts (GNC) on the surface of chicken wings for 8 days, respectively. After 4 days of storage, treatments of 1.0% AA and 1.5% AA for 5 min completely (P<0.05) inhibited APC and GNC compared to initial controls. Based on these results, treatments of 1.0% AA and 1.5% AA for 5 min prolonged the microbiological shelf-life for 8 days compared to those of 0.5% AA and the controls. All treatments of AA increased the lag phase and GT of aerobic microorganisma.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 1981

Aniline과 alcohol류에서 4-aminoalkylbenzene을 合性하여, 이것을 아세틸化, 니트로化, 加水分解하여 3-nitro-4-aminoalkylbenzene을 얻고 아미노기 이탈반응을 통해 3-nitroalkylbenzene을 合成하여 anthranilic acid와 반응시켜 7-alkyl-1-carboxyphenazine 유도체를 合成하였다. 生成物은 元素分析, IR, NMR 스펙트럼으로 確認하였다. 이들 誘導體들의 水溶液에 대한 表面張力을 測定하였고, 아울러 Gram 陽性菌, Gram 陰性菌, 眞性菌에 대한 抗菌性을 調査하였다. 試驗結果 alkyl기가 치환된 phenazine 誘導體의 抗菌性은 alkyl기가 없는 1-carboxyphenazine 보다 强한 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.281-284
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• 1991

Combination effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) against nine gram positive bacterial strains and 43 gram negative bacterial strains which included 40 strains of animal intestinal bacteria were studied in vitro. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SMX and TMP alone and 20:1 (SMX : TMP) mixture (ST) were investigated by the method recommended by Ad Hoc Committee of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy for the Evaluation of Sensitivity Testing Methods for Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim. MICs of ST were more potentiated than those of SMX alone in 8 of 9 gram positive strains and 40 of 43 gram negative strains. Especially, 38 strains of 40 intestinal bacteria showed significant susceptibility to ST as compared to SMX. These results suggest a strong synergistic activity of ST mixture against animal intestinal bacteria, The activity was considered to be comparable to those of other current antibiotics.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2003

최근, 새로운 영상 부호화로서 프랙탈 부호화가 높은 압축률의 가능성으로 폭넓게 연구되고 있다. 프랙탈 부호화는 초기에 흑백 영상과 선영상의 압축 방식으로서 검토되었다. 더욱이 Jacquin은 프랙탈 변환(LIFS)을 제안하여 프랙탈 부호화를 농담 영상으로 확장하였다. 현재, Gram-Schmidt 직교화 방식을 이용한 YTKT의 LIFS방식 등은 정지 영상 압축의 국제표준 방식인 JPEG와 경합이 가능할 정도의 압축률이 얻어졌다. 본 연구에서는 YTKT방식의 직교화 연산 알고리즘의 연산량을 크게 삭감할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제56호
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• pp.207-223
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• 2005

The goal of language model adaptation is to improve the background language model with a relatively small adaptation corpus. This study presents a language model adaptation technique where additional text data for the adaptation do not exist. We propose the information retrieval (IR) technique with N-gram language modeling to collect the adaptation corpus from baseline text data. We also propose to use a dynamic language model interpolation coefficient to combine the background language model and the adapted language model. The interpolation coefficient is estimated from the word hypotheses obtained by segmenting the input speech data reserved for held-out validation data. This allows the final adapted model to improve the performance of the background model consistently The proposed approach reduces the word error rate by $13.6\%$ relative to baseline 4-gram for two-hour broadcast news speech recognition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.554-558
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• 2000

Bacteria were isolated and identified from an advanced high-purity water system that supplies ultra-high purity water (UHPW) for 16-megabyte DRAM semiconductor manufacturing. Scanning electron microscopic and microbiological observations revealed that the primary source of the bacteria isolated from the UHPW was detached cells from biofilms developed on the pipe wall through which the UHPW, a man-made and extremely nutrient poor environment, was passing. About 63-65% of the bacteria isolated from the UHPW and the pipe wall were Gram-positive, whereas only 10% of the bacteria isolated from the feed water were Gram-positive. The of Gram-positive bacteria and seven genera of Gram-negative bacteria. Strains of the UHPW bacteria effectively adhered to and formed a biofilm on the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집(II)
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• pp.1352-1355
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• 1987

This Paper proposed the modified binary n-gram algorithm for the contextual post processing system in English sentence. Backward gram was used to correct the first position error in a word. It is not requires additional storage but more times of comparison it allows interactive correction routine. Experiments were implemented using PASCAL language on a micro computer, IBM PC/XT. This algorithm improves the correction rate around $4{\sim}5%$ on a limited experimental environments.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.700-706
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• 1994

Lactic acid bacteria in Kimchi fermentation were tested for inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria. The Lactobacillus brevis (KCCM 35464) was found to produce a antimicrobial substance. It showed relatively wide range of inhibition spectrum against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and maintained the inhibitory activity between pH 4.0 and pH 9.0. The antimicrobial substance was obtained in the stationary growth phase and was purified by gel chromatography. The inhibitory effect of the antimicrobial substance on sensitive bacterial strains was determined by filter paper test. The activity of antimicrobial substa- nce was stable at 75$\circ$C. On the basis of its electrophoretic pattern is SDS-PAGE, antimicrobial substance appeared as a single band of 59 KDalton.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 1980

Antimicrobial susceptibility of 157 Gram-negative bacilli (90 Escherichia coli. 30 Enterobacter aerogenes, 18 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 12 Proteus spp., 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 Alcaligenes faecalis) isolated from infected bovine udders was determined by the plate dilution method. Gentamicin and oxolinic acid at a concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$ were very active to all of 157 Gram-negative bacilli tested, and 98% of these strains were susceptible to nalidixic acid at a concentration of $25{\mu}g/ml$. Most of the 90 Escherichia coli strains were inhibited by chloramphenicol, ampicillin and carbenicillin and carbenicillin at a concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. None of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were inhibited at a concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$ of ampicillin and carbenillin, whereas all the species of Proteus resisted a concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$ or higher tetracycline. All the 3 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were highly resistant to streptomycin, kanamycin, Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and nalidixic acid.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2001

Antibiotics polymer prepared by chemical bonding and simple blending of antibacterial into polymers have attracted much interest because of their long-lasting and antibacterial activity. Antibiotics polymer can significantly reduce losses associated with dissolution, photolytic decomposition and volatillization. Further more, increased efficiency safety and selectivity are additional benefits which may be realized. In this study, Antibiotics polymer was synthesized by chemical reaction of polyacrylic acid with sulfamethazine by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) method. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined against Streptococcus pyrogenes[gram(+)] and Esherichia coli.[gram(-)] using a standardized disc test. As a result, the synthetic antibiotics polymer exhibited the broad susceptibilty against Streptococcus pyrogenes and Esherichia coli. Especially, the antibiotic effect of antibacterial polymer against Gram negative(Esherichia coli) was much stronger than that against Gram positive(Streptococcus pyrogenes).