• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2013

This paper provides an overview of the security in the System Architecture Evolution (SAE) / Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system. Security is an integral part of SAE/LTE with improvements over the Third Generation (3G) system. This paper reviews the SAE/LTE system architecture, and discusses the security requirements, algorithms, Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA), Security Mode Command (SMC), key hierarchy and security for mobility.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.3-9
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 국제 전기통신 연합(ITU-R)에서 정의한 4G IMT-Advanced 시스템의 후보 기술로 거론되고 있는 WiMAX와 LTE 이동 통신 기술에 대한 개요와 특징 비교, 그리고 두 망간의 연동 구조에 대해 소개한다. 구체적으로 다음과 같은 내용 등을 기술한다. 첫째, 기존 2G/3G 망과 대별 되는 이들 기술의 발전 과정과 표준 및 기술 동향을 살펴본다. 둘째, 망 구조 및 구성 요소에 대한 분석을 통해 4G 기술로 언급되는 이들 망의 핵심 특징과 유사성 및 차이점을 분석한다. 마지막으로, 두 망의 연동 시나리오를 고려하고 WiMAX-Anchored 연동 구조와 LTE-Anchored 연동 구조에 대해 논의한다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.91-98
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• 2012

Since the major cellular data service providers in U.S, Japan as well as in Korea started the LTE (Long Term Evolution) service, there has been more strong need for the methods that can accurately measure the MIMO (Multi Input-Multi Output) OTA (Over The Air) performance of LTE handsets because the performance of the MIMO antenna determines the data throughput in the downlink. In this paper, the hand effect on the MIMO antenna performance is analyzed by numerically and experimentally. The hand effect on the LTE mobile handset is analyzed by measuring the link level performance in the MIMO OTA system.

• TTA Journal
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• s.163
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• pp.8-15
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• 2016

올 1월 말 바르셀로나에서 열린 3GPP Next Generation Access Requirement AH는, 10여 년전 4G LTE가 처음 논의될 때와 비교하면 열기가 뜨겁다는 것은 여전하지만, 주역들은 많이 바뀌었음을 느낄 수 있었다. 4G 논의 때에는 유럽, 일본이 주도하고 북미, 한국은 따라가는 상황이었다면, 5G 논의는 중국이 전면에 나서고 한국, 유럽이 따라가는 패턴을 보여주고 있다. 엄청난 규모의 중국 내 TD-LTE 시장을 무기로 차세대 기술과 표준논의를 주도하고 있는 중국 사업자와 제조업체의 위상을 실감할 수 있는 자리로 보인다. 우리 나라는 LTE 기술 개발과 상용화 시점, 보급율 현황 등에서 타국의 추종을 불허하는 스피드를 보여주었고, 덕분에 우리 국민들은 세계에서 가장 앞선 모바일 서비스를 누리고 있고, 그 여세를 몰아서 5G 논의의 물꼬를 튼 것도 사실이다. 그러나 시장에서는 시작은 반이 아니고 시작일 뿐이다. 본 무대를 어떻게 연출해 가느냐에 따라 주도권을 계속 가져갈 수도, 한순간에 밀려날 수도 있는 것이 냉엄한 현실이다. 금년부터는 5G에 대한 기술 표준화가 본격화 되는데, 이와 병행해서 기술 개발, Joint Trial, 시험 주파수 할당, C-P-N-D-M 생태계 확보 등의 작업이 정신없이 진행될 것으로 예상된다. 한정된 국가적 자원을 효율적이고 효과적으로 활용하기 위한 산학연관의 지혜가 더욱 필요한 시기가 오고 있으며, 이번 5G특집이 그 고민의 계기가 되면 좋겠다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.427-432
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• 2023

In this study, MEC (: Multi-access Edge Computing) proposes a cloud service network configuration for various tests of autonomous vehicles to which V2X (: Vehicle to Everything) is applied in Wave, LTE, and 5G networks and MEC App (: Application) applied V2X service function test verification of two domains (operator (KT, SKT, LG U+), network type (Wave, LTE (including 3G), 5G)) in a specific region. In 4G networks of domestic operators (SKT, KT, LG U+ and Wave), MEC summarized the improvement effects through V2X function blocks and traffic offloading for the purpose of bringing independent network functions. And with a high level of QoS value in the V2X VNF of the 5G network, the traffic steering function scenario was demonstrated on the destination-specific traffic path.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.477-482
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• 2012

The mVoIP service is the technology which focuses on the wireless data service as the IP network having the transmission rate of 100 Mbps classes on the high-speed middle of movement through the WiFi, WiBro and 3G mobile radio communication network, and etc. and is developed. Since 2010, the mVoIP (mobile VoIP) service shows the rapid growth due to 4G-LTE service seriously disclosed from July with the Smart phone and 2,011 it begins to be rapidly popularized. In this research, additionally the mVoIP service industry activation plan is presented with the trends of technology development including the chip-set/module/terminal, etc. based upon local and foreign market trend searchlight through the market demand analysis. The mVoIP service downloads App to the mobile apparatus and or can provide the service as the software through the WiFi network. Therefore, the change which is large in the products development aspect is to be have no. Expected to is being provided as the added service in the case of 4G-LTE as a matter of course, the service deployment where it is based on the market principle and demand needs is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.10C
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• pp.764-777
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• 2008

In 4G environments, which is the next generation technology for mobile network, it is forecasted that the wireless Internet using a mobile devices such as a mobile phone, PDA will increase because of expansion of Internet and integration of heterogeneous networks. Therefore, we need a Digital ID management technology that can prevent illegal uses and manage private information efficiently in wired and wireless environments. In this paper, we analyze various Digital ID management technologies, and then define requirements of user-centric Digital ID management technology. In addition, we newly propose the authentication mechanism for mobile applications in LTE/SAE network. Finally, we propose the mobile Digital ID Wallet mechanism suitable for 4G environments.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.12
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• pp.1921-1936
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• 2017

Internet of Thing (IoT) and NFC (Near Field Communication) have got a good adaptable structure that it can be easily combined with any wireless network. Since IoT/NFC can be used to communicate wirelessly with all the transactions that can be done remotely without any physical connections. In this paper, we propose an enhanced secure IoT/NFC protocol based on LTE network that enhances the original security level provided by the LTE. Our approach is new in a sense that it covers LTE in contrast to old networks like GSM and 3G, which substantially treated in the literature. Moreover, both GSM and 3G have several drawbacks when they are combined with the NFC technology, which has potential weakness in confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Hence our new approach will resolve the security of the new LTE system. We expect that our protocol will result in new secure applications for the smart phone markets.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.248-256
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• 2015

In this paper, a hybrid MIMO antenna for the metal phone with auxiliary slot for 4th generation mobile communication is designed and implemented. Auxiliary slot locates on the rear metal cover of the phone, and handles for LTE class 40 band. The auxiliary slot operates hybrid with a monopole antenna. Studied antenna satisfies under VSWR 3:1 for LTE class 13/ LTE class 14/ CDMA/ GSM/ DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA/ LTE class 40 bands. ECC(Envelope Correlation Coefficient) value for MIMO characteristic is less than 0.2 over the whole design bands. Average gains and antenna efficiencies measured by MTG anechoic chamber were -5.57~-1.45 dBi and 27.75~71.6 %, respectively.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.96-103
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose two-stage multichannel architecture for oyster product management system, called cloud stage and agent stage. There are two communication channels at each stage. In cloud stage, the embedded system in the smart scale communicates with the server through two channels, Ethernet or 3G/LTE mobile communication. In agent stage, PCs and smart phones called agents communicate with the server also through Internet and 3G/LTE mobile communication. Compared with previous system in which the amount of the oyster produced in oyster workplaces could be monitored only at the console of only one oyster main server, developed system makes it possible to monitor the amount of produced oyster at several PCs (or smart phones). In addition to the amount of oysters produced at all oyster workplaces the environment of oyster workplaces such as temperature and humidity can be monitored on agents to judge the freshness. Two-stage architecture with multiple channels makes it possible to monitor the amount of oyster product and environment of the oyster workplace at any place in real time.