• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3D-복원

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Visual Characteristics of Light Rail Transit Pier for Improving Urban Landscape (도시 경관향상을 위한 경전철 교각의 시각적 특성)

  • Jung, Sung-Gwan;Shin, Jae-Yun;Kim, Kyung-Tae;Lim, Eun-Na
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.65-81
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    • 2013
  • Urban sprawl has been the limits of traffic accommodate and the supply road. Thus, Light Rail Transit(LRT) has been proposed as the best alternative. Owing to landscape damage from construction of LRT, landscape planning should be considered seriously in the urban planning step. This paper therefore seeks to determine landscape improvement direction of LRT pier. First, the methods in this study shared landscape improvement direction type of LRT pier through previous studies such as planting of surface(30%, 60%, 90% planting of surface), graphic(character, commercial advertising, symbol), and surface treatment type(exposed concrete, white painting, pattern dies). Next, respondent evaluated 3D simulated landscape image accordingly shared types by preference and landscape adjectives using in streetscape evaluation. As a result, visual preference was the highest in planting type of surface and the lowest in the surface treatment type. Covering 60%(4.48) in planting type of surface was the highest. Because it is similar to the golden ratio considering the visual principle, we will need to take advantage through the result of this paper. Also, most landscape improvement direction which satisfied with significant level showed a positive effect from landscape improvement. Comprehensively based on these results, it suggests desirable landscape improvement direction of LRT pier in the city for solution of landscape inhibition problem.

Effects of Modified ultrafiltration at cardiopulmonary bypass animal experiment. (심폐바이패스 실험동물에서의 변형 초여과법 사용의 효과)

  • 한재진;원태희;박성수
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.32 no.10
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    • pp.874-882
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    • 1999
  • 배경: 체외순환 후의 부종현상 및 이에 따른 여러 장치의 기능 저하를 방지하기 위하여, 최근에 체외 순환 이탈 후 환자의 혈액을 짧은 시간에 관류하여 여과해 주는 변형 초여과법의 사용이 늘고 있다. 이에 대한 긍정적인 임상결과들의 보고도 있으나, 다른 한편 체외 순환 후 염증반응을 포함한 폐손상의 기전에 혈구 성분의 영향이 보고되고 있는 바, 변형 초여과법의 효과, 특히 폐 조직에 대한 영향을 밝혀 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 몸무게 15에서 22 Kg(평균 16.5$\pm$0.5)의 16 쌍의 잡견을 이용한 정소성 심장이식, 실험에서, 통상적인 인공심폐기 작동군과 인공심폐기 작동 후 변형 초여과 관류를 시행한 군으로 무작위 구분하였다. 변형초여과법은 체외순환 정지 후에 대동맥관에서 나온 혈류를 Roller pump를 거쳐 Amicon Diafilter 초여과 관에 150 mL/m 정도의 속도로 10~15 분 정도 관류시켜 정맥관을 통하여 우심방에 직접 주입하였다. 혈액 채취 및 폐생검은 심폐기 시작 전과 정지 직후, 그리고 변형초여과 시행 군은 초여과 완료 직후에, 대조군은 심폐기 정지 10~15분 후에 각각 시행하였다. 혈류역학 측정요소는 동맥압, 우심방압, 좌심방압 등이었으며, 혈액 검사 항목은 동맥혈 가스분석, 혈색소 농도, 헤마토크릿, 백혈구 수, 혈소판 수, 혈중 단백 성분, 알부민 성분 등이었다. 폐 생검 조직으로는 냉동 건조법을 이용한 수분 함유량을 측정하였고, 광학 및 전자현미경으로 관찰을 하였다. 결과: 변형 초여과 군에서 혈중 혈색소 농도는 수술전 10.3$\pm$1.7 mg/dL, 심폐기 정지 직후 6.3$\pm$1.7 mg/dL, 초여과 직후는 8.3$\pm$2.8 mg/dL의 변화를(p=0.0078, 0.0117), 혈중 총 단백질의 농도 변화는 4.3$\pm$0.9, 3.1$\pm$1.5, 4.1$\pm$1.6 mg/dL, 혈중 알부민의 농도는 1.9$\pm$0.5, 1.4$\pm$0.7, 1.8$\pm$0.8 mg/dL로서, 각각 초여과법의 시행 전후에 유의한 증가를 가져왔고(p=0.0280, 0.0277), 폐조직의 수분 함유량의 변화는 수술전 75.1$\pm$8.6%, 심폐기 정지 직후 82.8$\pm$6.0%, 초여과 직후 77.88%를 보인 반면, 대조군에서는 각각 74.7$\pm$4.9, 82.1$\pm$5.9, 82.3$\pm$5.1%의 변화를 보였다. 미세 구조의 관찰에서, 폐포의 내포세피의 융합 기저막층과 미토콘드리아에서의 부종은 변형 초여과 후에 급격히 감소하였으나, 미토콘드리아내 크리스티의 파괴성 변화와 막성 파괴 성향이 초여과 후에 심화되게 관찰되었고, 세포질 내 소체의 팽창과 공포화 현상도 심폐기 가동 후 발생하여 초여과 후에 더 심화되게 관찰되었다. 세포질 내 소체의 팽창과 공포화 현상도 심폐기 가동 후 발생하여 초여과 후에 더 심화되게 관찰되었다. 폐조직 내의 백혈구는 심폐기 작동 후에 그 수에 있어서 증가하였으며 백혈구의 괴변, 탈과립 정도도 심폐기 작동 후 및 초여과 후에 증가한 소견을 보였다. 결론: 변형 초여과법은 인공 심폐기 후의 혈색소 농도 및 혈중 단백질 농도의 복원에 효과가 있었으며 변형 초여과 관류후 폐의 미세 조직내에서 부종의 급격한 감소 등을 관찰할 수 있었다.

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Digital Watermarking on Image for View-point Change and Malicious Attacks (영상의 시점변화와 악의적 공격에 대한 디지털 워터마킹)

  • Kim, Bo-Ra;Seo, Young-Ho;Kim, Dong-Wook
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.342-354
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    • 2014
  • This paper deals with digital watermarking methods to protect ownership of image with targeting the ultra-high multi-view or free-view image service in which an arbitrary viewpoint image should be rendered at the user side. The main purpose of it is not to propose a superior method to the previous methods but to show how difficult to construct a watermarking scheme to overcome the viewpoint translation attack. Therefore we target the images with various attacks including viewpoint translation. This paper first shows how high the error rate of the extracted watermark data from viewpoint-translated image by basic schemes of the method using 2DDCT(2D discrete cosine transform) and the one using 2DDWT(2D discrete wavelet transform), which are for 2D image. Because the difficulty in watermarking for the viewpoint-translated image comes from the fact that we don't know the translated viewpoint, we propose a scheme to find the translated viewpoint, which uses the image and the corresponding depth information at the original viewpoint. This method is used to construct the two non-blind watermarking methods to be proposed. They are used to show that recovery of the viewpoint affect a great deal of the error rate of the extracted watermark. Also by comparing the performances of the proposed methods and the previous ones, we show that the proposed ones are better in invisibility and robustness, even if they are non-blind.

Synthesis of Oxyethlyene Modified Silixoane Surfactants for Polyurethane Foam and the Characteristics of Fine Cell Formation (폴리우레탄 폼용 옥시에틸렌 변성 폴리실록산계 계면활성제의 합성 및 미세 셀 발포 특성)

  • Kim, Daeheum;Park, Seungwoo;Yeo, Seungbyung
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.260-266
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    • 2006
  • For the synthesis of polyurethane memory foam stabilizer with fine cells, hydrosilylation reaction with various polyalkyleneoxides and hydrogen functional group of polymethylhydrogensiloxane (D = 75, D' = 15) was conducted. Polyalkyleneoxides (PAO) used in this research were ethylene oxides or ethylene-co-propylene oxides with terminal groups of hydroxides or methyl groups. To analyze the molecular structures and molecular weights as well as the reaction yields (98%), NMR and GPC analysis were executed. Synthesized siloxane surfactants modified with polyalkylene (EO = 12 units) were applied to producing flexible polyurethane fine memory foams from 0.6 pphp to 2.0 pphp. By controlling the amount of the surfactant, physical characteristics, the polyurethane memory foam with cell size (minimum $0.868{\mu}m$), air flows (-78 KPa), and recovery times (8 sec) were achieved.

A Basic Study on Spatial Configuration of Gang-jin Nongsanbyeoleop (강진 농산별업(農山別業)의 공간구성에 대한 기초 연구)

  • Seo, Dong-Il;Lee, Jae-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.64-71
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    • 2012
  • This is a basic study for recovering original form of Nongsanbyeoleop(農山別業) in Gangjin, Jeonnam, created in the latter part of Joseon period and the estimation of originla form at the time of creation was conducted by analyzing related literature and inspecting the actual site. "Joseokruki(朝夕樓記)" of Dasan Jung, Yak Yong could estimate spatial structure and using form of Nongsanbyeoleop and the arrangement of spatial structure in literature could be confirm by on-the-site inspection. The results of this study are as follows. The first, Nongsanbyeoleop managed spatial factors applying natural topography. For the spatial characteristics of Nongsanbyeoleop, the location of ancestral ritual space including deceased father's tomb and tomb house far from the main levee of Yun, Kwang Taek, a father of Yun, Seo Yu by 1.9km and housekeeping could be confirmed. The second, spatial estimation by "Joseokruki" could be possible. "Joseokruki" describes Joseokru.Youngmojae.Hanokkwan.Cheokyunjung.Sangam as construction factors, Wundang.Kookdan.Nokwunoh. as plant factors, Sookyunggan.Keumkoji.Nokeumjung.Uijanghae as hydroponic factors and Pyoeunkok.Aengjakang as natural topography factors. However, most of them were disappeared and at present, only Youngmojae, Keumgoji, Kukdan and Wundang show the past trace. The third is for the changed space of Nongsanbyeoleop and its reason. The surrounding space of Nongsanbyeoleop was planated by land arrangement in 1960s and it played a role of topographical damage because it's recognized as the plane factor including Nongsanbyeoleop's surrounding landscape rather than dotted factor. The forth, the actual measurement of Nongsanbyeoleop and digitalization of manual map of numerical value are judged to be sufficient to apply as the basic material for recovering garden in the future. Because of the diatahce changing method applied at that time, the garden recovery of Nongsanbyeoleop intended to be concreted and 3D model established by digitalized basic materials is considered to apply for multilateral studying. Thus, Nongsanbyeoleop which is byeolseo including the tomb of deceased father based on the conceptual hyo thought shows clear differences from the organized factors of Byolseowonrim of precedent studies and the importance of Byolseowonrim is sufficient. But, the constructional factors which cannot know disappeared spatial factors and accurate location became the limitation of this study. In the future, clear verification of original form must be progressed by excavation which can confirm the location of construction factors.

Development of a Ship Calculation Program Based On the Geometric Model (형상모델 기반 선박계산 전산프로그램 개발)

  • Sang-Su Park;Kyu-Yeul Lee
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.121-134
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    • 1999
  • In this paper, a ship calculation program is developed, which prof[nuts hydrostatics and volume calculation intact and damage stability and hull variation. Hull form and compartment geometry are expressed with NURBS curve wire-frame model. Hydrostatics and volume calculation are performed directly with the intersection method between section geometry and 3D planar surface. Equilibrium ship position is calculated with hydrostatic equilibrium equation which is linearized by 1st order Taylor series expansion sequentially. The developed program shows more accurate results and easy uses than the latter.

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A comparative study on the performance of the parameter-based 3D human model generation techniques from a single image including multiple people (다중 인물 포함 단일 영상으로부터의 파라미터 기반 3차원 휴먼 모델 생성 기법 성능 비교 연구)

  • Gi-Mun Um;Jeong Hwan Kim;Wonjun Kim;Hee Kyung Lee;Seung-Jun Yang;Jeongil Seo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 2022.11a
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    • pp.157-160
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    • 2022
  • 본 논문에서는 다중 인물 포함 단일 영상으로부터 파라미터 기반 3차원 휴먼 모델 생성 기법 중 최근 발표된 SOTA 기법 4가지에 대해 대표적인 데이터 셋들에 대해 사전 학습 모델을 사용한 복원 성능 비교 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, CLIFF 기법과 PyMAF-x 기법이 PARE 기법이나 ROMP 기법에 비해 우수한 결과를 보였다.

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A CMOS Wide-Bandwidth Serial-Data Transmitter for Video Data Transmission (영상신호 전송용 CMOS 광대역 시리얼 데이터 송신기)

  • Lee, Kyungmin;Park, Sung Min
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 2017
  • This paper presents a 270/540/750/1500-Mb/s serial-data transmitter realized in a $0.13-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology for the applications of video data transmission. A low-cost RG-58 copper cable(5C-HFBT-RG6T) is exploited as a transmission medium connected to a single BNC connector, which shows cable loss 45 dB in maximum at 1.5 GHz. RLGC modeling provides an equivalent circuit for SPICE simulations of which characteristics are very similar to the measured cable loss. The loss can be compensated by pre-emphasis at transmitter and equalization at receiver if needed. Measurements of the proposed transmitter chip demonstrate the operations of 270-Mb/s, 540-Mb/s, 750-Mb/s and 1.5-Gb/s, and provide the output voltage levels of $370mV_{pp}$ at 1.5 Gb/s even with the pre-emphasis turned-off. The total power consumption is 104 mW from 1.2/3.3-V supplies and the chip occupies the area of $1.65{\times}0.9mm^2$.

Rate Allocation for Block-based Compressive Sensing (블록기반 압축센싱을 위한 율 할당 방법)

  • Nguyen, Quang Hong;Dinh, Khanh Quoc;Nguyena, Viet Anh;Trinh, Chien Van;Park, Younghyeon;Jeon, Byeungwoo
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.398-407
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    • 2015
  • Compressive sensing (CS) has drawn much interest as a novel sampling technique that enables sparse signal to be sampled under the Nyquitst/Shannon rate. By noting that the block-based CS can still keep spatial correlation in measurement domain, this paper proposes to adapt sampling rate of each block in frame according to its characteristic defined by edge information. Specifically, those blocks containing more edges are assigned more measurements utilizing block-wise correlation in measurement domain without knowledge about full sampling frame. For natural image, the proposed adaptive rate allocation shows considerable improvement compared with fixed subrate block-based CS in both terms of objective (up to 3.29 dB gain) and subjective qualities.

Generation of Feature Map for Improving Localization of Mobile Robot based on Stereo Camera (스테레오 카메라 기반 모바일 로봇의 위치 추정 향상을 위한 특징맵 생성)

  • Kim, Eun-Kyeong;Kim, Sung-Shin
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 2020
  • This paper proposes the method for improving the localization accuracy of the mobile robot based on the stereo camera. To restore the position information from stereo images obtained by the stereo camera, the corresponding point which corresponds to one pixel on the left image should be found on the right image. For this, there is the general method to search for corresponding point by calculating the similarity of pixel with pixels on the epipolar line. However, there are some disadvantages because all pixels on the epipolar line should be calculated and the similarity is calculated by only pixel value like RGB color space. To make up for this weak point, this paper implements the method to search for the corresponding point simply by calculating the gap of x-coordinate when the feature points, which are extracted by feature extraction and matched by feature matching method, are a pair and located on the same y-coordinate on the left/right image. In addition, the proposed method tries to preserve the number of feature points as much as possible by finding the corresponding points through the conventional algorithm in case of unmatched features. Because the number of the feature points has effect on the accuracy of the localization. The position of the mobile robot is compensated based on 3-D coordinates of the features which are restored by the feature points and corresponding points. As experimental results, by the proposed method, the number of the feature points are increased for compensating the position and the position of the mobile robot can be compensated more than only feature extraction.