• Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Game
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.137-144
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• 2018

In the past, mosaics were made by laying cloth on the floor and manually tiling the tiles. However, due to recent developments in technology, the data storage method has evolved from analog to digital, so that image representation and conversion can be realized through computer. Also, various expression techniques of mosaic are developed, and it is also used as a method of art representation in digital. There are various studies on the production process of mosaic. The proposed method is a crystallization mosaic that spreads spirally in real time and uses 3D quartz as a tile element. Although existing researches are mostly focused on the purpose of rendering images in more detail, this technique combines untried spiral drawing and crystallization, and attempts to explore new expression techniques in 3D space by attempting a new mosaic method in 3D space. 'Spiral Crystallization Photo', based on this technique, was selected as Top27 in MWU Award 18 and exhibited at Unite Seoul 2018.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.1324-1333
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• 2010

This paper is used in a recent civil engineering field in three-dimensional laser-meter tiles using thermal imaging cameras for the weathered rock slopes precisely measured indirectly, to the degree that began in the will. In the field is difficult to access the degree of weathering of the rock slope to the existing direct way to compensate for the shortcomings of 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanner and weathering characteristics of rocks using thermal imaging cameras to get the information to analyze the degree of rock weathering is. Intensity of 3D TLS and the thermal camera with image analysis to analyze the degree of weathering of bedrock in the field of core drilling targeting indoor laboratory tests were analyzed through the study. Granite, gneiss, sandstone, much of the cancerous samples, each experiment has a 40 per category, each of which 30 were used to analyze the data collected. That degree of rock weathering, the rock, depending on the strength of the Intensity values can change, depending on the level of thermal imaging camera, also weathered the changes in temperature could see. Intensity is the strength of weak rocks, the more value decrease, the temperature of the thermal imaging camera through the swell Intensity and notice that the temperature had an inverse relationship. Intensity value of the low strength of weak rock, but the value came out of the rocks have been proved to be largely dependent on the contrast. The contrast of the surface rocks are weathered dark Intensity values lower temperature to swell the contrary, the degree of weathering can be distinguished.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.313-315
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• 2010

In this paper, we describe research results of developing hardware rasterizer that is applicable to mobile 3D graphics system, designed in SIMD architecture and verified in FPGA. Tile-based scan conversion unit is designed like SIMD architecture running four tiles simultaneously and each tile traverses pixels hierarchical in 3-level so that visiting counts is minimized. As experimental results, $8{\times}8$ is the most efficient size of tile and the last step of tile traversing is performed on $2{\times}2$ sized subtile. The rasterizer supports flat shading and gouraud shading and texture mapper supports affine mapping and perspective corrected mapping. Also, texture mapper supports point sampling mode and bilinear interpolating sampling mode and two types of wrapping modes and various blending modes. The rasterzer operates as 120Mhz on xilinx vertex4 $l{\times}100$ device. To easy verification, texture memory and frame buffer are generated as block rom and block ram.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.370-377
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• 1995

The recombination of oxygen and nitrogen atoms on the surfaces of two coating m materials of the Space Shuttle Orbiter (SSO), a reaction cured glass (RCG) and a spinel (C742), was investigated. The recombination probability, $\gamma$, i.e., the probability that atoms im p pinging on the surface will recombine, was measured in a diffusion reactor. Value of $\gamma$ for oxy g gen atom on C742 ($3 {\times} 10^{-2}$) was much higher than that on RCG ($4 {\times} 10^{-4}$) at the tempera t ture of SSO re-entry (ca. 1000K). The higher value of $\gamma$ on C742 indicates a higher number d density of active sites than RCG. It suggests the possibility of designing less active surfaces by i inducing the desorption at lower temperature.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.154-162
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of tile drain on Physicochemical properties and crop productivity of soils under plastic film house for three years (1999 - 2001). Tiles (${\Phi}100mm$ PVC pipe) were established at 50-60 cm depth with 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m intervals in Gangseo silt loam soil under 2W-type plastic film house. Cropping system was a pumpkin-pumpkin in the first year, a cucumber-spinach-crown daisy-spinach-young radish in the second year, and a green red pepper-tomato-spinach in last year, with conventional fertilization and drip or furrow irrigation by groundwater pumping. Bulk density and soil hardness of plot with tile drain were lower than those of control (plot without tile drain). Soil water content was also lower in tile drain plot than in control regardless of soil depth, and decreased at narrower interval and longer distance from tile in the same plot, thus suggesting that water flow and density of tile drain plot was higher than those of control. Rhizosphere of spinach, a final crop of third year, was expanded more than 2 cm due probably to improvement of soil physical properties caused by tiles establishment. Electrical conductivity (EC) of topsoil decreased from $1.22dS\;m^{-1}$ to $0.82dS\;m^{-1}$ by tile drain system, and the extent of EC decrease was different with season: higher in spring and lower in summer and autumn. The $NO_{3^-}-N$ concentration in topsoil decreased, from $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ to $39mg\;kg^{-1}$. The effect of tile drain on crop yield varied with crops. Average crop productivity obtained in tile drain plot than that of control crop: 18.2% in 2 m interval, 14.2% in 3 m interval, but lower 0.2% in 1 m interval.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2010

To monitor composition and change of the national land, intelligent topographical classifier which enables accurate classification of land-cover types from airborne LiDAR data is highly required. We developed a topographical classifier development support system cooperating with da1a mining tool WEKA to help users to construct accurate topographical classification systems. The topographical classifier development support system has the following functions; superposing LiDAR data upon corresponding aerial images, dividing LiDAR data into tiles for efficient processing, 3D visualization of partial LiDAR data, feature from tiles, automatic WEKA input generation, and automatic C++ program generation from the classification rule set. In addition, with dam mining tool WEKA, we can choose highly distinguishable features by attribute selection function and choose the best classification model as the result topographical classifier. Therefore, users can easily develop intelligent topographical classifier which is well fitted to the developing objectives by using the topographical classifier development support system.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.217-225
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• 2019

The chimi(ridge-end tile) of Wangheungsa temple is the oldest in our country. The upper part of the chimi was excavated from the southern side of Wangheungsa temple and the lower part from the northern side. These parts are considered to be portions of the same chimi, because they are similar in shape and are excavated from two sides of the same temple structure. However, the original shape of the chimi cannot be determined owing to substantial deterioration. Hence, in this study, replicas of the deteriorated chimi portions of Wangheungsa temple were fabricated by employing 3D scanning technology and the computer numerical control machining method. While observing the bending phenomenon of the chimi, the proposed model was warped realistically on the basis of the bending direction of the actual chimi. Consequently, the restoration process was modified several times. The results indicated that no gaps can be found between the upper and lower parts, and the corresponding patterns connect naturally. Furthermore, the proposed method is contactless, safe, operable, reproducible, and appropriate for restoration of artifacts. Additionally, the modeling data is semi-permanent. Hence, if modelling data is appropriately applied as per the characteristics of artifacts, it can be utilized in various fields such as virtual exhibitions, hands-on exhibitions, cultural heritage restoration, and production of teaching aids and souvenirs.

• Clean Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2021

A road structure washing vehicle equipped with a 4 HP, 80 LPM ultrafine bubble generator was used to clean a tunnel wall and the surface of the surrounding structure, consisting of concrete and tiles, in a heavy traffic area around an apartment complex in the city. Ultrafine bubbles were generated by supplying air at 2 to 3 LPM and using a specially designed nozzle, whereas fine bubbles made by an impeller in a gas-liquid mixing self-priming pump were produced with an average diameter of 165.4 nm and 6.81 × 107 particles mL-1. Using a high pressure washer gun that can perform high-pressure cleaning at 150 bar and 30 LPM, ultrafine bubbles were used to wash dust adsorbed on the surface of the road structures. The experimental analysis was divided into before and after washing. The samples were analyzed by applying ISO 8502-3 to measure surface contamination of dust adsorbed on the surface. Using the transparent tape attached to the surface, the removal rate was calculated by measuring the weight of the dust, and the number of particles was calculated using the gravimetric method and the software, ImageJ. The results of the experiment showed that the number of dust particles adsorbed on the tile wall surface before and after washing were 3,063 ± 218 particles mL-1 and 20 ± 5 particles mL-1, respectively, with weights of 580 ± 82 mg and 13 ± 4 mg. Particles on the surface of the concrete structure before and after washing were 8,105 ± 1,738 particles mL-1 and 39 ± 6 particles mL-1, respectively, with weights of 1,448 ± 190 mg and 118 ± 32 mg.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.622-629
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary intakes and nutritional status for fatty liver male patients with fatty livers. General characteristics, nutritional knowledge, and dietary intakes were obtained from fatty liver male patients aged 20-60yr living in Seoul and Kyunggi province by individual interview and blood samples. The Results were as follows : the mean age of the subjects was 39yrs. Old and over half the subjects were overweight. Although nutritional knowledge, recognition, and accuracy scores were good, these did not affect the subject's health. The average alcohol intake of subjects was 79.8g/day and the drinking duration was 5-40yrs(average : 17yrs). The subjects drank alcohol over 4tiles/week and preferred Soju. Most side dishes taken with alcohol drinking by the subjects were foods from animal sources. Half of the subjects also drank alcohol the next day for breakfast as a hangover-chaser. The reasons for drinking were due to social relationships and by habit. Vitamin D and folate were lower than the RDA for Koreans, and other nutrient amounts were higher than the RDA. The amounts of aspartate amino-transferase(AST), Alanine amino-transferase(ALT), ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transpeptidase(${\gamma}$-GTP), Triglyceride(TG) for the subjects were higher. In conclusion, fatty liver patients drank excessively and frequently. It seems that heavy alcohol drinking is more prone to overweight or obese people and contributes to fatty livers. Therefore, the subjects need to be taken effectively educated about alcohol-induced liver damage and the importance of a balanced diet for on healthy liver.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.79.2-79.2
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• 2017

To dynamically and chemically understand how filaments, dense cores, and stars form under different environments, we are conducting a systematic mapping survey of nearby molecular clouds using the TRAO 14 m telescope with high ($N_2H^+$ 1-0, $HCO^+$ 1-0, SO 32-21, and $NH_2D$ v=1-0) and low ($^{13}CO$ 1-0, $C^{18}O$ 1-0) density tracers. The goals of this survey are to obtain the velocity distribution of low dense filaments and their dense cores for the study of their origin of the formation, to understand whether the dense cores form from any radial accretion or inward motions toward dense cores from their surrounding filaments, and to study the chemical differentiation of the filaments and the dense cores. Until the 2017A season, the real OTF observation time is ~760 hours. We have almost completed mapping observation with four molecular lines ($^{13}CO$ 1-0, $C^{18}O$ 1-0, $N_2H^+$ 1-0, and $HCO^+$ 1-0) on the six regions of molecular clouds (L1251 of Cepheus, Perseus West, Polaris South, BISTRO region of Serpens, California, and Orion B). The cube data for $^3CO$ and $C^{18}O$ lines were obtained for a total of 6 targets, 57 tiles, 676 maps, and $7.1deg^2$. And $N_2H^+$ and $HCO^+$ data were added for $2.2deg^2$ of dense regions. All OTF data were regridded to a cell size of 44 by 44 arcseconds. The $^{13}CO$ and $C^{18}O$ data show the RMS noise level of about (0.1-0.2) K and $N_2H^+$ and $HCO^+$ data show about (0.07-0.2) K at the velocity resolution of 0.06 km/s. Additional observations will be made on some regions that have not reached the noise level for analysis. To identify filaments, we are using and testing programs (DisPerSE, Dendrogram, FIVE) and visual inspection for 3D image of cube data. A basic analysis of the physical and chemical properties of each filament is underway.