• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.461-466
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• 1996

원전에서 가상적인 중대사고 발생시 격납용기 하부 캐비티에서 고온의 노심용융물과 콘크리트와의 반응시 생성되는 기체의 종류 및 양, 콘크리트 침식율 및 주변 열전달 특성은 중대사고 연구의 쟁점으로 이에 대한 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 용융 유사물로 고온의 금속 용융물(SS304) 및 Thermite (Fe＋A1$_2$O$_3$)를 영광 3,4호기 원전에 사용한 콘크리트 시편에 부어 침식율, 생성가스 종류 및 주변 열전달 계수를 측정하였고 후에 MELCOR 로드내 MCCI 해석 부분인 CORCON MOD-3 코드와 비교할 계획이다. 본 논문에서는 MCCI scoping test의 실험 장치, 실험 방법 및 곁과를 소개하였다. 약 1$600^{\circ}C$ 의 SUS 304 용융물(10kg)은 충분치 않은 melt superheat와 용융물 이송과정시 열손실로 인해 침식이 거의 일어나지 않았으나, Thermite 실험에서는 측면 및 하부 방향으로 최대 2.7cm/min 의 침식율을 보였으며 하부방향으로의 최대 열유속은 약 3.1MW/$m^2$로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 및 실험 기술은 차세대 원전의 중대사고 완화를 위한 원자로 캐비티 설계 실증실험에 응용될 예정이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1995

Face milling is required to study cutting process with a view of multipoint cutter. This experimental study mainly deals with the single and multi-insert cutting characteristics using coated tool. Because metal cutting of the single and multi-insert has a large relation to the improvement of productivity, the economic cutting process can be achieved by the analysis of proper metal cutting mechanism. Therefore, machining characteristics of face molling in this paper has been studied by investigating the role of different insert number which is concerned with mean cutting force, the RMS values of AE(acoustic emission) signal, tool life and surface roughness in milling SS 41 and SUS 304. The cutting force and AE signal are monitored to make an analysis of cutting process. The surface roughness of the specimens machined by inserts of different numbers is measured at different speeds, feeds and depth of cut. The width of flank wear is also observed.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.98-104
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• 1998

Recently. a new technique called Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry(ESPI) has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of existing holography. This technique enable real-time interference fringes to be displayed directly on TV monitor without recourse to any form of photographic processing. This research was carried out for the purpose of applying the vibration analysis method employing Electronic Speckle Pattern Interference technique to the vibration analysis of uniform rectangular cantilever plate. The natural vibration frequencies found by ESPI were in fair agreement with theoretical eigen frequencies acquired using theoretical formula G. B. Warburton proposed.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권2호통권32호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1999

In this paper an experimental study on the development of the shielded metal are welding(SMAW) optimization technique for the dissimilar materials SS41 and STS304 of Auto-Lifting Magnet core plate was carried out. It was confirmed that the optimum welding heat input range was 37.5 to 45 kj/cm by considering on the strength and fatigue life of the welded joints more than 100% joint efficiency. And the quantitative relationship empirical wquation between the strength toughness adn fatigue life and the weld heat input was obtained.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to present failure analysis, of the heat exchanger tube in a district heating system. SS304 stainless steel is used, as material for the heat exchanger tube. The heat exchanger operates in a soft water environment containing a small amount of chloride ions, and regularly repeats operation and standstill period. This causes concentration of chloride ions on the outer surface of the tube, as well as repeat of thermal expansion, and shrinkage of the tube. As a result of microscopic examination, cracks showed transgranular as well as branched propagation, and many pits were present, at the initiation point of each crack. Energy disperstive spectroscopy analysis showed Fe and O peak, as well as Cl peak, meaning that cracks were affected by Cl ion. Failure of the tube was caused by chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking by thermal stress, high temperature, and localized enrichment of chloride ions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.43-63
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• 1989

Various kinds of corrosion prevention methods have been developed. It is known that the method of electrochemical protection is more effective and economical than any other method on the large scale metal structures in corrosive solutions. Strong acid solutions such as nitric and sulfuric acid solutions are often used in industries, and the expensive stainless steel is almost exclusively used for the equipment that comes in contact with such acid solutions. However, it is more reasonable that carbon steel is used rather than stainless steel depending upon concentration of those acid solutions from the economical viewpoint. In this study, the typical strong acid solution such as nitric and sulfuric acid solutions are chosen for the experiment and the selected materials of specimen are the stainless steels of SUS 304L and SUS 316L, the carbon steels of SS 41, SM 50 and RA 32, and highly pure lead. Electrochemical protection diagrams can be drawn with data from the external cathodic and anodic polarization curves of SUS 304L, SUS 316L and SM 50 steels in 5-60% nitric acid solutions and from those polarization curves of SS 41, RA 32, SM 50 and SUS 316L steels, and highly pure lead in 2.5-98% sulfuric acid solutions at the slow scanning rate. The data obtained with using the determination method of the optimum cathodic protection potential, the Tafel extrapolation method and the characteristics of anodic polarization curves. The main results obtained from the diagrams are as follows: 1) In nitric acid solution : (1) Corrosion potentials exist in each of those corrosion zones on the stainless steels in the lower concentration than about 12% solutions and on the high tensile strength steels in the lower concentration than about 30% solutions, but the corrosion current (density) in each zone is small on the above mentioned former steels and large on the latter ones. (2) The stainless steels can be self-passivated in the higher concentration than 15% solutions, and the high tensile strength steels gives rise to the same phenomenon in the higher concentration than 35% solutions. (3) The stainless steels in the lower concentration than 60% solutions and the high tensile strength steels in the higher concentration than 35% solutions can be used without protection, but the latter steels must ve protected anodically in the lower conccentration than about 30% solutions. 2) In sufuric acid solution : (1) The carbon steels can be self-passivated in the higher concentration than 45% solutions, and the SUS 316L steel in higher concentration than 75% solutions and the lead in all concentration solutions also gives rise to the same phenomenon. (2) The lead in the lower concentration than 80% solutions and the SUS 316L steel in the higher concentration than 80% solutions can be used without protection. (3) The carbon steels in the higher concentration than 50% solutions also can be used without protecting economically, but the SUS 316L steel in the 20-70% solutions are considerably corrosive without protecting anodically.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2019

본 연구는 일개 대학생의 우울수준(CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale)과 관련된 스트레스 요인들의 융복합적 관련성을 조사하였다. 설문조사는 2018년 11월 12일부터 2018년 12월 14일까지 임의로 선정된 J지역 대학의 재학생 304명에 대하여 무기명 자기기입식 설문지를 사용하였다. 위계적 다중회귀분석 결과, 취업스트레스(CMI: Conell Medical Index)가 높은 군에서, 학업소진(MBI-SS: Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey)이 높은 군에서, 불안(BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory)이 높은 군에서 우울수준이 높았으며 이들의 설명력은 60.7%이었다. 이상의 연구결과를 볼 때, 대학생의 우울수준을 낮추기 위해서는 취업스트레스를 낮추고, 학업소진을 낮추고, 불안을 낮추는 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 결과는 대학생의 우울수준을 낮추는 학업 상담 및 지도, 취업상담, 및 심리 및 정서적 안정을 위한 다양한 중재 노력에 활용될 수 있다. 추후연구에서는 대학생의 우울수준에 영향을 미치는 융복합적 요인들에 대한 구조모형의 제시 및 분석이 필요하다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2010

This study compared the macro and micro electrochemical characteristics at the local area of welding metal on dissimilar welding parts for type 304 stainless steel (SS) and type 316L SS. The materials are used for double wall gas pipe of duel fuel engine for a ship. The various potentiodynamic experiments were performed several times in 10% ${H_2C_2O_2}{\cdot}{H_2O}$ solution using macro and micro methods, respectively. The micro electrochemical experiments conducted to resolve at local area on cross-section of dissimilar welding materials by micro-droplet cell device. The micro-droplet cell techniques can be used almost electrochemical experiments to resolve corrosion characteristics of the limited electrode area of the metallic surface between wetted spot of working electrode and tip of sharpened capillary tube. The results of macro electrochemical experiments show that resistance of active dissolution reaction at welding zone was high due to low current density by formation of passivation protection film at passive region. According to the micro electrochemical experiment, the corrosion current density of welding zone and bond zone were relatively high.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2024

The next-generation Molten Salt Reactor is known for its high safety because it uses nuclear fuel dissolved in high-temperature molten salt, unlike traditional solid atomic fuel methods. However, the high-temperature molten salt causes severe corrosion in internal structural materials, threatening the reactor's safety. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the high-temperature corrosion resistance and wear performance of materials used in reactors to ensure safety. In this study, the high-temperature corrosion resistances and wear performances of corrosion samples in a NaCl-MgCl2-KCl (20-40-40 [wt%]) molten salt are investigated to evaluate the applicability of economically viable stainless steels, 316SS and 304SS. Hastelloy C276 and a new alloy containing a small amount of Nb are used as reference samples for comparative analysis. The mass loss, mass loss rate per unit volume, and surface roughness of each sample are measured to understand the corrosion mechanisms. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses are employed to analyze the corrosion mechanisms. Wear tests on the corroded samples are also conducted to assess the extent of corrosion. Based on the experimental results, we predict the lifespans of the materials and evaluate their suitability as candidate materials for molten salt reactors. The data obtained from the experiments provide a valuable database for structural materials that can enhance the stability of molten salt reactors and recommend high-temperature corrosion-resistant materials suitable for next-generation reactors.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.260-265
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• 2002

Microbiologically influenced Corrosion (MIC) is one of the most deleterious effects of metal microbe interactions. When a fresh metal surface comes in contact with a non-sterile fluid, biofilm formation is ensued. This might result in the initiation of corrosion. The sites and materials where MIC is implicated are versatile. Industries such as shipping, power generation, chemical etc are reported to be affected. The rapid and unexpected failure of AISI type 304 stainless steel was investigated in the laboratory by simulation studies for a period of 4 months. Slime and water samples from the failure site were screened for corrosion causing bacteria. Both aerobic and anaerobic nora were enumerated and identified using PCR techniques. Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. were the most common aerobic bacteria isolated from the water and slime samples, whilst sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) were the major anaerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria were used for the corrosion experiments in the laboratory. Coupon exposure studies were conducted using a very dilute (0.1%V/V) nutrient broth medium. The coupons after retrieval were observed under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for the presence of MIC pits. Compared to sterile controls, metal coupons exposed to Pseudomonas sp and Bacillus sp. showed the initiation of severe pitting corrosion. However, amongst these two strains, Psudomonas sp. caused pits in a very short span of 14 days. Towards the end of the experiment, severe pitting was observed in both the cases. The detailed observation of pits showed they vary both in number and shapes. Whilst the coupons exposed to Bacillus sp. showed widely spread scales like pits, those exposed to Pseudomonas sp. showed smaller and circular pits, which had grown in number and size by the end of the experiment. From these results it is inferred that the rapid and unexpected failure of 304 SS might be due to MIC. Pseudonwnas sp. could be considered as the major responsible bacteria that could initiate pits in the metallic structures. As the appearance of pits was different in both the tested strains, it was thought that the mechanisms of pit formation are different. Experiments on these lines are being continued.