• 제목/요약/키워드: 3-Plain Radiographs

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Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics of Caudal Regression Syndrome in a 3-Year-Old Boy: Lessons from Overlooked Plain Radiographs

  • Kang, Seongyeon;Park, Heewon;Hong, Jeana
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.238-243
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    • 2021
  • Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare neural tube defect that affects the terminal spinal segment, manifesting as neurological deficits and structural anomalies in the lower body. We report a case of a 31-month-old boy presenting with constipation who had long been considered to have functional constipation but was finally confirmed to have CRS. Small, flat buttocks with bilateral buttock dimples and a short intergluteal cleft were identified on close examination. Plain radiographs of the abdomen, retrospectively reviewed, revealed the absence of the distal sacrum and the coccyx. During the 5-year follow-up period, we could find his long-term clinical course showing bowel and bladder dysfunction without progressive neurologic deficits. We present this case to highlight the fact that a precise physical examination, along with a close evaluation of plain radiographs encompassing the sacrum, is necessary with a strong suspicion of spinal dysraphism when confronting a child with chronic constipation despite the absence of neurologic deficits or gross structural anomalies.

하악상행지 시상분할골절단술 시 하악후퇴량의 방사선학적 예측 (Prediction of Amount of Mandibular Set Back with 3 Plain Radiographs in Mandibular Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy)

  • 노량석;김진욱;권대근;이상한
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.323-330
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The present study examined the reproducibility of an operation plan by comparing the jaw position of STO with the postoperative mandibular set back measurement in sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Methods: Thirty patients with class III dental and skeletal malocclusion and who were treated with BSSRO were reviewed. Three plain radiographs such as the panoramic view, the lateral cephalogram and the submentovertex view were taken before and after operation. Also, paper surgery for STO and model surgery were used to evaluate the amount of mandibular set back. Results: On the panoramic view, the amount of mandibular set back in STO was similar to the postoperative results of model surgery, but the amount of mandibular set back on the lateral cephalogram was smaller than the postoperative result of model surgery and then the amount of set back on submentovertex view was similar to the postoperative result of model surgery. Conclusion: Precise tracing and paper surgery should be performed for a combined expected STO in order to predict the exact amount of preoperative mandibular set back.

소아에서 단순 복부 X-선 사진으로 변비를 진단하는데 있어 Barr, Blethyn과 Leech 점수체계의 정확도 (The Accuracy of Barr, Blethyn and Leech Scoring Systems on Plain Abdominal Radiographs in Childhood Constipation)

  • 문지영;문경래
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.44-50
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    • 2007
  • 목 적: 소아에서 기능성 변비는 소화기 증상 중 가장 흔한 증상이나 각 개인이 호소하는 증상이 다양하여 쉽게 정의하기 어렵다. 단순 복부 X-선 사진을 이용한 점수체계(scoring system)는 간단하고 비용이 적게 들어 변비의 정도를 평가하는데 사용하고 있다. 그러나 소아변비의 정도를 평가하는데 어떤 점수체계가 임상적으로 더 유용한지에 대한 연구는 매우 드물다. 따라서 저자들은 소아 변비 환자에서 단순 복부 방사선사진을 이용하여 Barr, Blethyn과 Leech 점수를 측정하여 유용성을 비교 연구하였다. 방 법: 2006년 1월부터 8월까지 조선대학교 병원 소아과 외래를 방문하거나 입원한 4세에서 15세 사이의 환아 77명(변비군 38명, 대조군 39명)을 대상으로 하였다. 네 명의 전공의가 77매의 동일한 단순 복부 X-선 사진을 보고 Barr, Blethyn과 Leech 점수체계를 사용하여 1주 간격으로 각각 2회 점수를 매겼으며 점수 측정시에 환자의 대한 사전 정보를 배제하였다. 각 점수체계 방법에 대한 검사자들의 유의성은 ${\kappa}$ 상수을 계산하여 평가하였다. 결 과: 대상아 77명 중 남자는 41명(53.2%), 여자는 36명(46.8%)이었고 변비군은 38명(49.4%), 대조군은 39명(50.6 %)이었다. 네 명의 검사자가 측정한 Barr 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 각각 0.75, 0.66, 0.68, 0.71이었고, Blethyn 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 0.61, 0.58, 0.55, 0.63이며, Leech 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 0.88, 0.92, 0.86, 0.89이었다. Barr 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 첫 번째 측정 시에 각각 0.66, 0.67, 0.69, 0.66이었으며, 1주후에 두 번째 측정 시에는 각각 0.68, 0.65, 0.71, 0.68로 측정 시기에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05)(Fig. 1). 네명의 검사자가 측정한 Blethyn 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 첫 번째 측정 시에 각각 0.44, 0.55, 0.48, 0.33이었으며, 1주 후에 두 번째 측정 시에는 0.65, 0.34, 0.39, 0.46으로 측정 시기에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), Leech 점수로 계산한 ${\kappa}$ 상수는 첫 번째 측정시에 각각 0.88, 0.91, 0.92, 0.86이고 두 번째 측정 시에 각각 0.81, 0.88, 0.89, 0.84로 측정 시기에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). Barr 점수의 평균치는 변비군은 $9.68{\pm}3.55$, 대조군은 $5.32{\pm}3.45$로 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). Leech 점수의 평균치는 변비군은 $10.42{\pm}3.12$, 대조군은 $6.28{\pm}3.56$으로 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 네 명의 검사자가 측정한 Barr 점수의 특이도는 각각 0.51, 0.55, 0.54, 0.71이었고 민감도는 각각 0.68, 0.61, 0.69, 0.61이었다. Leech 점수의 특이도는 각각 0.88, 0.91, 0.92, 0.86이었고 민감도는 각각 0.90, 0.89, 0.91, 0.84였다. 결 론: 단순 복부 X-선 사진을 이용한 점수체계는 소아 변비의 정도를 평가하는 데 있어서 검사자의 경력과는 무관하게 사용할 수 있으며 그 중 Leech 점수체계가 임상적으로 가장 유용하다.

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두개골조기유합증 환자에서 영상소견과 수술소견의 비교 (Comparision of Imaging Features with Surgical Findings in the Patients with Craniosynostosis)

  • 김형수;박세혁;조병문;오세문
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제30권12호
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    • pp.1417-1421
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    • 2001
  • Objective : The purposes of this study are to compare imaging features with operative findings and to determine significance of imaging studies for early detection of craniosynostosis(CS). Methods : Plain radiograph of skull and three-dimensional(3D) CT reconstruction were analyzed in 10 consecutive patients with CS to assess the presence and the extent of synostosis. The radiological findings were investigated and compared with operative findings. Results : The locations of lesion were coronal suture in 6, sagittal suture in 3 and multiple sutures in one patient, and the age ranged 1 to 53 months(mean age : 17.4 months). Reconstructive procedures with or without advancement of supraorbital rim were performed in coronal CS patients and ${\pi}$-procedures or synostectomy were done in sagittal CS patients. Radi-ological abnormalities such as sutural indistinctness or sclerosis, bony ridge, bossing and other bony deformities were nearly consistent with surgical findings. Conclusion : The interpretation of imaging study are very important for early detection of craniosynostosis, especially, the plain radiographs of skull. Also 3D CT imaging is helpful in diagnosis and surgical planing of craniosynostosis. There are no significant differences between imaging features and operative findings in CS patients.

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전이성 골종양에서 원발병소의 진단 (Diagnostic Strategy of Primary Site in Metastatic Bone Tumor)

  • 신규호;서기원;장준섭
    • 대한골관절종양학회지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.98-104
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    • 1997
  • 추후 관찰이 가능하였던 26례의 환자들이 평균 9개월의 짧은 생존기간을 보이는 것으로 보아 환자들에게 고통을 적게 주고 효과적인 비용의 검사를, 즉 흉부 방사선 사진, 복부 초음파, 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영, 복부-골반 전산화 단층 촬영, 기관지 내시경, 소화기 내시경 등의 순서로 진단적 접근을 시도하는 것이 원발병소를 찾는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

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급성 족근과 골절 환자에서 시행한 컴퓨터 단층촬영 영상의 유용성 (Usefulness of Computed Tomography in Patients with Acute Malleolar Fracture)

  • 전숙하;배서영;안수형;정형진;우승훈
    • 대한족부족관절학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.156-160
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: We compared plain radiographs with computed tomography (CT) images to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative CT in acute ankle malleolar fracture in terms of accuracy of diagnosis and planning of operative strategy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 210 cases of malleolar fracture treated at our institute for which plain radiograph and CT were obtained preoperatively. Observers had reviewed plain radiographs and recorded fracture classification, anatomical diagnosis, extent and configuration of fractures and then subsequently reviewed CT images. Records from each image were compared and information regarding the differences in fractures was assessed. Results: Fractures were notably changed in appearance in 88 cases (41.9%) and diagnosis changed in 30 cases (14.3%). According to the change of diagnosis and fracture appearances, the operative strategy was changed in 15 cases (7.1%) including incision, order of reduction, and target of fixation. Conclusion: CT could be a useful adjunctive imaging tool in addition to the plain radiograph in planning of operative treatment for acute malleolar fracture in terms of estimating exact configuration, extent of fractures and even newly revealed hidden fractures.

Deep Learning-Assisted Diagnosis of Pediatric Skull Fractures on Plain Radiographs

  • Jae Won Choi;Yeon Jin Cho;Ji Young Ha;Yun Young Lee;Seok Young Koh;June Young Seo;Young Hun Choi;Jung-Eun Cheon;Ji Hoon Phi;Injoon Kim;Jaekwang Yang;Woo Sun Kim
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.343-354
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    • 2022
  • Objective: To develop and evaluate a deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) model for detecting skull fractures on plain radiographs in children. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multi-center study consisted of a development dataset acquired from two hospitals (n = 149 and 264) and an external test set (n = 95) from a third hospital. Datasets included children with head trauma who underwent both skull radiography and cranial computed tomography (CT). The development dataset was split into training, tuning, and internal test sets in a ratio of 7:1:2. The reference standard for skull fracture was cranial CT. Two radiology residents, a pediatric radiologist, and two emergency physicians participated in a two-session observer study on an external test set with and without AI assistance. We obtained the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The AI model showed an AUROC of 0.922 (95% CI, 0.842-0.969) in the internal test set and 0.870 (95% CI, 0.785-0.930) in the external test set. The model had a sensitivity of 81.1% (95% CI, 64.8%-92.0%) and specificity of 91.3% (95% CI, 79.2%-97.6%) for the internal test set and 78.9% (95% CI, 54.4%-93.9%) and 88.2% (95% CI, 78.7%-94.4%), respectively, for the external test set. With the model's assistance, significant AUROC improvement was observed in radiology residents (pooled results) and emergency physicians (pooled results) with the difference from reading without AI assistance of 0.094 (95% CI, 0.020-0.168; p = 0.012) and 0.069 (95% CI, 0.002-0.136; p = 0.043), respectively, but not in the pediatric radiologist with the difference of 0.008 (95% CI, -0.074-0.090; p = 0.850). Conclusion: A deep learning-based AI model improved the performance of inexperienced radiologists and emergency physicians in diagnosing pediatric skull fractures on plain radiographs.

흉부 총상견에서 CT 촬영을 통한 흉부외상의 진단 및 치료 증례 (Case Study of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thoracic Gunshot Trauma in a Dog by Computed Tomography)

  • 심경미;김세은;유경훈;박현정;배춘식;최석화;강성수
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.46-50
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    • 2007
  • A 7-year-old female, Jindo dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with mild dyspnea and anorexia due to a gunshot trauma. The dog was wounded in the thoracic region 3 days ago. Plain radiographs showed the left 8th rib fracture, interstitial pattern in the left caudal lung field and pleural effusion. Abdominal radiographs showed the lead bullet. Computed tomographs(CT) showed the size of pulmonary contusion, laceration, lung parenchymal injuries, hemothorax and perforation of abdominal wall. The therapeutic plan was based on abnormalities seen on CT scans but not clearly seen in survey radiographs. Thoracic CT significantly provides even more informations compared with the corresponding radiographs in thoracic gunshot trauma. Although thoracic survey radiographs are useful as a screening tool, CT is highly sensitive in detecting thoracic injuries after thoracic trauma and is superior to routine thoracic survey radiographs in visualizing lung contusion, pneumothorax and hemothorax. Therefore, we recommend CT in the initial diagnostic work-up of patients with thoracic injuries and with suspected chest trauma because early and exact diagnosis of all thoracic injuries along with sufficient therapeutic consequences may reduce complications.

Primary Total Elbow Replacement for Treatment of Complex Distal Humerus Fracture: Outcomes of Short-term Follow-up

  • Kim, Du-Han;Kim, Beom-Soo;Baek, Chung-Sin;Cho, Chul-Hyun
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.20-26
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    • 2020
  • Background: High complication rate after open reduction and internal fixation can lead to use of primary total elbow replacement (TER) in treatment of complex distal humerus fractures in elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term outcomes and complications after primary TER in patients with complex distal humerus fracture. Methods: Nine patients with acute complex distal humerus fracture were treated by primary TER using the semiconstrained Coonrad-Morrey prosthesis. The mean age of patients was 72.7 years (range, 63-85 years). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated over a mean follow-up of 29.0 months (range, 12-65 months) using visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain; Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS); Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH) score; and serial plain radiographs. Complications were also evaluated. Results: At the final follow-up, mean VAS, MEPS, and Quick-DASH scores were 1.2, 80.5, and 20, respectively. The mean range of motion was 127.7° of flexion, 13.8° of extension, 73.3° of pronation, and 74.4° of supination. There was no evidence of bushing wear or high-grade implant loosening on serial plain radiographs. Three complications (33.3%) comprising two periprosthetic fractures and one ulnar neuropathy were observed. Conclusions: Primary TER for treatment of complex distal humerus fractures in elderly patients yielded satisfactory short-term outcomes. However, surgeons should consider the high complication rate after primary TER.

Suspecting Intussusception and Recurrence Risk Stratification Using Clinical Data and Plain Abdominal Radiographs

  • Oh, Ye Rim;Je, Bo Kyung;Oh, Chaeyoun;Cha, Jae Hyung;Lee, Jee Hyun
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.135-144
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Although ultrasonography is the gold standard of diagnosing intussusception, plain abdomen radiograph (AXR) is often used to make differential diagnosis for pediatric patients with abdominal pain. In intussusception patients, we aimed to analyze the AXR and clinical data to determine the characteristics of early AXR findings associated with diagnosis of intussusception and recurrence after reduction. Methods: Between January 2011 and June 2018, 446 patients diagnosed with intussusception based on International Classification of Diseases-10 code of K56.1 were admitted. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 398 patients who received air reduction; 51 of them have recurred after initial reduction. We evaluated six AXR features including absent ascending colon gas, absent transverse colon gas, target sign, meniscus sign, mass, and ileus. Clinical data and AXR features were compared between single episode and recurrence groups. Results: Two groups did not show significant differences regarding clinical data. Mean time to recurrence from air reduction was 3.4±3.2 days. Absent ascending colon gas (63.9%) was the most common feature in intussusception, followed by mass (29.1%). All of six AXR features were observed more frequently in the recurrence group. Absent transverse colon gas was the most closely associated AXR finding for recurrence (odds ratio, 2.964; 95% confidence interval, 1.327-6.618; p=0.008). Conclusion: In our study, absence of ascending colon gas was the most frequently seen AXR factor in intussusception patients. Extended and careful observation after reduction may be beneficial if such finding on AXR is found in intussusception patients.