• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.590-597
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• 2016

We designed the multiple scattering points generation system to simulate an actual situation of target signal for high range resolution radar system. This provides replicating the target signals and controlling the status of target signals for radar system. This is composed transmit antenna and multi target generator. Transmit antenna is waveguide array antenna and multi target generator has signal distribution module and control & power module. Multi target generator is able to provide the high isolation and variable output power. Moreover, in order to monitor all output signals of the multi target generator, the flows of signals are programed in control & power module. The performance is demonstrated using experimented results of high range resolution radar.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.203-214
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• 2010

This study numerically investigates the wave control of 2-rowed Impermeable Rectangular Submerged Dike(IRSD) with an object of how to control short-period and solitary waves simultaneously based on the Bragg resonance phenomenon that elevates the wave control performance. The boundary integral method using Green formula and the 3-D one-field Model for immiscible TWO-Phase flows (TWOPM-3D) by 3-D numerical wave flume have been used for the numerical predictions for short-period and solitary waves, respectively. These numerical models were verified through the comparisons with the previously published numerical results by other researchers. Through the parametric tests of numerical experiments for short-period waves, an optimum model of 2-rowed IRSD of a lowest transmission coefficient has been found. Furthermore, the performances of 3-D wave control for solitary waves were evaluated for the various free board, crown widths and gap distance between dikes, and have been compared with those of a single-rowed IRSD. Numerical results show that a 2-rowed IRSD with a less cross sectional area than 1-rowed one improves the wave attenuation performances when it is compared to that of single-rowed IRSD. Within the test frequency ranges of the numerical simulations conducted in this study, 2-rowed IRSD with an optimum gap distance shows an outstanding improvement of the wave attenuation up to 58% compared to that of single-rowed IRSD.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2022

Micro hydropower is a readily available renewable energy source that can be harvested utilizing hydrokinetic turbines from shallow water canals, irrigation and industrial channel flows, and run-off river stream flows. These sources generally have low head (<1 m) and low velocity which makes it difficult to harvest energy using conventional turbines. A horizontal-axis screw turbine was designed and numerically tested to extract power from such low-head water sources. The 3-bladed screw-type turbine is placed horizontally perpendicular to the incoming flow, partially submerged in a narrow water channel at no-head condition. The turbine hydraulic performances were studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics models. Turbine design parameters such as the shroud diameter, the hub-to-shroud ratios, and the submerged depths were obtained through a steady-state parametric study. The resulting turbine configuration was then tested by solving the unsteady multiphase free-surface equations mimicking an actual open channel flow scenario. The turbine performance in the shallow channel were studied for various Tip Speed Ratios (TSR). The highest power coefficient was obtained at a TSR of 0.3. The turbine was then scaled-up to test its performance on a real site condition at a head of 0.3 m. The highest power coefficient obtained was 0.18. Several losses were observed in the 3-bladed turbine design and to minimize losses, the number of blades were increased to five. The power coefficient improved by 236% for a 5-bladed screw turbine. The fluid losses were minimized by increasing the blade surface area submerged in water. The turbine performance was increased by 74.4% after dipping the turbine to a bottom wall clearance of 30 cm from 60 cm. The final output of the novel horizontal-axis screw turbine showed a 2.83 kW power output at a power coefficient of 0.63. The turbine is expected to produce 18,744 kWh/year of electricity. The design feasibility test of the turbine showed promising results to harvest energy from small hydropower sources.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.789-794
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• 2000

The Paper studies the flow and heat transfer characteristics to a jet impinging at different oblique angles, to a plane surface by numerical methods. The flowfield and heat transfer rate associated with the oblique Impingement of an axisymmetric jet are of interest as a result of its presence in numerous technological Problems. For the computation of heat transfer rate, the standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ and ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}-\bar {{\upsilon}'^ 2}$ turbulent model were adapted. The accuracy of the numerical calculations was compared with various experimental data reported in the literature. ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}-\bar {{\upsilon}'^ 2}$ model showed better agreement with experimental data than standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ model in prediction of the turbulent intensity and the heat transfer rate. In the case of computation of flowfield, the study carries on the ${\alpha}=45$ deg, h/D=4.95. The jet Reynolds number based on the nozzle diameter(D), was 48,000. For the computation of heat transfer rate, the Re=20,000, the jet orifice-to-plate spacings(L/D) are 4, 6 and 10, and the angle between the axis of the jet orifice and the plate surface is set at 30, 45, 60, or 90 deg. For the smaller spacings, the near-peak Nusselt numbers are not significantly effected by the initial decreases in the Jet angle. The overall shape of the local Nusselt number x-axis profile is influenced by both the jet orifice-to-plate spacing and the jet angle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.773-778
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• 2015

The local heat transfer and pressure drop of developed turbulent flows in convergent/divergent channels with square axial cross-sectional areas were experimentally investigated to improve the channel design, such as a gas turbine cooling system. Square convergent/divergent channels with one ribbed wall were manufactured with a fixed rib height e of 10 mm and a ratio of rib spacing p to height e of 10. The measurement was conducted for Reynolds numbers from 15,000 to 89,000. Convergent, divergent, and straight channels with ratios $D_{ho}/D_{hi}$ of 0.75, 1.33, and 1.0, respectively, are considered. Of the three channel types, the ribbed divergent channel was found to produce the best thermal performance under identical flow rate, pumping power, and pressure loss conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.260-260
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• 2017

This study aims to compare the performance of TRIGRS (Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-based Regional Slope-stability model) and TiVaSS (Time-variant Slope Stability model) in the prediction of rainfall-induced shallow landslides. TRIGRS employs one-dimensional (1-D) subsurface flow to simulate the infiltration rate, whereas a three-dimensional (3-D) model is utilized in TiVaSS. The former has been widely used in landslide modeling, while the latter was developed only recently. Both programs are used for the spatiotemporal prediction of shallow landslides caused by rainfall. The present study uses the July 2011 landslide event that occurred in Mt. Umyeon, Seoul, Korea, for validation. The performance of the two programs is evaluated by comparison with data of the actual landslides in both location and timing by using a landslide ratio for each factor of safety class ( index), which was developed for addressing point-like landslide locations. In addition, the influence of surface flow on landslide initiation is assessed. The results show that the shallow landslides predicted by the two models have characteristics that are highly consistent with those of the observed sliding sites, although the performance of TiVaSS is slightly better. Overland flow affects the buildup of the pressure head and reduces the slope stability, although this influence was not significant in this case. A slight increase in the predicted unstable area from 19.30% to 19.93% was recorded when the overland flow was considered. It is concluded that both models are suitable for application in the study area. However, although it is a well-established model requiring less input data and shorter run times, TRIGRS produces less accurate results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1B
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• pp.89-100
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• 2010

The performance evaluation of a conventional Wave Resonator at the entrance of harbors against solitary wave has been performed using 3D numerical wave flume. A wave resonator has been designed for the attenuation of the transmitted wave energy by trapping the short periodic incident waves only. In this study, however, the controlled performance of the wave resonator by its various widths has been numerically investigated for solitary waves. Source distribution method based on the Green function and the 3D one-field Model for immiscible TWO-Phase flows (TWOPM-3D) using 3D numerical wave flume were used for the short-periodic waves and the solitary waves, respectively, and these models were verified through the comparisons with the previous experimental and numerical results by other researchers. It was confirmed that the wave resonator is effective enough to control the solitary waves as well as the periodic waves when it compares with the case of no resonance system. Further, it was found that there is the optimal width of a wave resonator to attenuate the target solitary waves.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2010

Axial piston pumps have been widely used as power sources for hydraulic systems, but studies on the fluid flow within the pump have been usually performed using 1-D analysis because of the difficulties in considering the fluid compressibility, high-speed revolution, variation of the flow rate, and complicated geometry. The goal of this study was to understand the hydraulic fluid flow within axial piston pumps by using the 3-D numerical method and the process of generating discharge pressure ripples. To improve the convergence and robustness of the simulation model, a grid system was constructed with hexahedron-type grids around the valve plate. Furthermore, we employed an empirical formula to describe the relationship between the oil density and pressure. The CFD (computational fluid dynamics) results compared well with the experimental data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

Interest in application of ultraviolet light technology for primary disinfection of potable water in drinking water treatment plants has increased significantly in recent years. The efficacy of disinfection processes in water purification systems is governed by several key factors, including reactor hydraulics, disinfectant chemistry, and microbial inactivation kinetics. The objective of this work was to develop a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model to predict velocity fields, mass transport, chlorine decay, and microbial inactivation in a continuous flow reactor. The CFD model was also used to evaluate disinfection efficiency in alternative reactor designs. In a typical operation, water enters the inlet of a UV lamp and flows through the annular space between the quartz sleeve and the outside chamber wall. The irradiated water leaves through the outlet nozzle. In this paper, it describe the how to design optimal ultraviolet disinfection device for ground water and rainwater. To search the optimal design method, it was performed computer simulation with 3D-CFD discrete ordinates model and manufactured prototype. Using proposed design method, performed simulation and proved satisfied performance.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.31-45
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• 2012

This study was conducted to estimate the stability of a quay wall in case of wave overtopping under the combined action of an earthquake and tsunami using limit equilibrium method. The tsunami force was calculated by using a numerical program called TWOPM-3D (3-D one-field Model for immiscible TWO-Phase flows). Especially, the wave force acting behind the quay wall after a tsunami wave overtopping was estimated by treating back fill as a permeable material. The stability of the quay wall was assessed for both the sliding and overturning modes under passive and active conditions. The variation in the stability of the quay wall with time was determined by parametric studies, including those for the tsunami wave height, seismic acceleration coefficient, internal friction angle of the soil, wall friction angle, and pore water pressure ratio. When the earthquake and tsunami were considered simultaneously, the tsunami induced wave overtopping increased the stability of the quay wall under the passive condition, but in the active condition, the safety factors decreased.