• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

Three-dimensional slope stability analysis was applied to a failed dual-lithology slope containing both granite and an andesitic dyke, taking account of the differences in shear strength of the different lithologies. A direct shear test of the soil-rock boundary was performed to examine the shear strength of two different types of failure surfaces within different lithologies, and a laboratory test was performed on an upper, weathered soil layer. The test results indicate that shear strength was lower at the soil-rock boundary than within the weathered soil layer. A representative geological section was subjected to two-dimensional slope stability analysis using a limit equilibrium method to assess whether the distribution of lithologies upon the slope influences the results of stability analysis. The results were then compared with those of three-dimensional slope stability analysis, for which input parameters can be varied according to the distribution of lithologies upon the slope. The three-dimensional analysis yielded safety factors of 1.26 under dry conditions and 0.55 under wet conditions, whereas the two-dimensional analysis yielded unstable safety factors of 0.92 and 0.32, respectively. These findings show that the results of stability analysis are affected by the distribution of different lithologies upon the slope. Given that the studied slope collapsed immediately after rainfall, it is likely that the results of the three-dimensional analysis are more reliable.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.14 no.4 s.41
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• pp.451-460
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• 2004

The strength of sliding plane is usually assigned on the whole sliding plane with same value in 2D limit equilibrium slope stability method. However, the potential sliding plane is divided into two or three parts which have different sliding resistances. According to the calculation results of 3D slope stability analyses using 4 types of slope cutting models, marginal sliding resistance could affect the safety of slope significantly. In this calculation two kinds of the sliding plane strengths were applied differently to the parts of bottom and margin of the model slope. The effect of marginal resistance was calculated quantitatively. In case of lower sliding resistance of the bottom, the safety factor becomes low in a margin cutting model. However, in case of higher sliding resistance of the bottom, the safety factor decreased slightly in a lower part cutting model and increased in a upper margin cutting model.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.21-32
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• 1991

The purpose of this paper is to develop a reliability model for slope stability of Earth-rockfill dams which accounts for all uncertainties encountered. The uncertain factors of the design variables include the cohesion, the angle of internal friction, and the porewater Pressure in each zone. More specifically, the model errors in estimating those variables are studied in depth. To reduce the uncertainties due to model errors, updated design variables are obtained using Bayesian Theory. For stability analysis, both the two-dimesional stability analysis and the three-dimensional stability analysis where the end effects and the system reliability concept are considered are used for the reliability calculations. The deterministic safety factor by the three-dimensional analysis is lager than that by the two-dimensional anlysis. However, the probability of failure by the three-dimensional analysis is about 3.5 times larger that by the two-dimensional analysis. It is because the system reliability concept is used in the three-dimensional analysis. The sensitivity analysis shows that the probability of failure is more sensitive to the uncertainty of the cohesion than that of the angle of internal friction.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.381-391
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• 2007

A series of talus slope stability analyses were carried out using 2D FEM and 3D limit equilibrium methods for this study. The FEM analyses on Phase 2 were performed to delineate failure depths based on stress distributions for each slope. The results revealed that the failure surface exist in the colluvium layer of about 3-10 m thickness. Three dimensional models, derived from the FEM analyses and geological field survey, were made for the use in a 3D limit equilibrium analysis. The result shows that all the talus slopes are stable under dry condition, but unstable under saturated condition due to heavy rain.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2008

In the study, we carried out a 3-D analysis to assess the influence of groundwater level changes on the slope stability, conducting a series of back-numerical analysis to delineate the critical line of the shear strength of the failure surface of a landslide, and a laboratory test to determine the geo-mechanical properties of soil samples. The analysis result shows that the shear strength determined by the laboratory test was distributed below the critical line of shear strength estimated by back-analysis. Differences between driving and resisting force were also analyzed in groundwater conditions of dry and saturation. It appeared that the stress gets greater towards the slope center of the landslide, and the debris mass moves downwards. According to the analysis, the factor of safety becomes 1 with the rise of foundwater level up to -0.85 m from the slope surface, while the slope tends to stay stable during dry seasons.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

Behavior of rock mass depend on the mechanical properties of intact rock and geometrical property of discontinuity distributed in rock mass. In case of rock slope, particularly, location of slope failure surface and behavior after failure are changed due to discontinuities. In this study, two 3D slope stability analysis methods were developed for two different failure types which are circular failure and planar failure, considering that failure type of rock slope is dependent on scale of discontinuity which was then applied to real rock slope to review the applicability. In case of circular failure, stable condition was maintained in natural dry condition, which however became unstable when the moisture content of the surface was increased by rainfall. In case of planar failure, rock slope become more unstable comparing to dry condition which is attributable to decrease in friction angle of discontinuity surface due to rainfall. Viewing analysis result above, analysis method proved to have well incorporated the phenomenon occurred on real slope from the analysis result, demonstrating its applicability to reviewing the slope stability as well as to maintaining the slope.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2006

Geotextile has been used for various types of containers, such as small hand-filled sandbags, 3-dimensional fabric forms for concrete paste, large soil and aggregate filled geotextile gabion, prefabricated hydraulically filled containers. They are hydraulically filled with dredged materials and have been applied in coastal protection and scour protection, dewatering method of slurry, temporary working platform for bridge construction, temporary embankment for spill way dam construction. Recently, geotextile tube technology is no longer alternative construction technique but suitable desired solution. The paper presents the stability behavior of geotextile tube composite structure by 2-D limit equilibrium and slope stability analysis. 2-D limit equilibrium analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of geotextile tube composite structure to the lateral earth pressure and also transient seepage and stability analysis were conducted to determine the pore pressure distribution by tide variation and slope stability. Based on the results of this paper, the three types of geotextile tube composite structure is stable and also slope stability of overall geotextile tube composite structures is stable with the variation of tidal conditions.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 1998

To analyse the stability of a slope composed of waste material produced in a closed lead mine, numerical modeling has been carried out in two dimension using FLAC, finite difference program. The research was focused on the effect of the earthquake as well as a rise of water table upon slope stability. The numerical results have shown that the slope would not be safe against earthquake event and that the increase of pore pressure due to a rise of water table up to the ground level may result in a failure of the slope. On the basis of numerical analyses and site investigation, two sorts of measures have been taken. In short term, removal of a part of materials deposited on the top of the pile is required to increase immediately safety factor of the slope even a little. In ling term, it is necessary to repair drainage facilities and dam which covers waste material so that the slope is prevented from failure in a radical manner. It has been confirmed by numerical analyses that an improvenment of the stability can be in a great extent expected after such measures have been performed.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2007

Slope failure triggered by rainfall produces severe effects on the serviceability and stability of railway, Therefore, slope stability problem is one of the major concerns on the operation of railway. In this study, the rainfall conditions triggering slopes failure adjacent to railroads are investigated and the numerical analysis approach in consideration of infiltration and limit equilibrium method based upon multiple slip surfaces are proposed. The rainfall conditions triggering slope failure are as follow: cumulative rainfall is in the range of 150~500 mm, and duration is from 3 to 24 hours. Base upon the rainfall conditions, infiltration analysis and limit equilibrium method for infinite slope condition are carried out. The depth of infinite slope is assumed as 2 m and the multiple slip surfaces modeled with 16.7 cm interval from the bottom slip surface located at the 2 m depth. The assumed bottom slip surface is the location at which factor of safety is converging. The proposed approach shows more reasonable results than the results from the general codes assuming water table at slope surface. In addition, three dimensional plot of cumulative rainfall, rainfall duration, and factor of safety shows that slope stability analysis in consideration of rainfalll must account for cumulative rainfall (rainfall duration).

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.545-554
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• 2007

Landslides is mainly induced by a heavy rainfall, earthquake ground motion, and some other factors like soil mechanics, morphological-geological factors etc. Since the starting point of the failure seemed to be originated at a construction site in the study, it is meaningful to find out the relationship between the landslide and the construction. For this study, the slope failure factor was examined carefully to see that the original natural slope had vulnerability and that the complex ground had unstability changed by construction. A field survey was conducted on the original ground surface and filled-up ground. A laboratory test was also conducted to determine the geomechanical properties of soil samples. 2D and 3D limit equilibrium analysis with changing groundwater level were conducted at the failure depth using a seismic refraction survey. The result shows that the factor of safety is similar stability under all condition, but unstable under saturated condition.