• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3단구

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Uplift Rate in the Eastern Block of the Ulsan Fault (울산단층 동부 지괴의 융기율)

  • Lee, Gwang-Ryul;Park, Chung-Sun
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 2020
  • This study estimated influences of the Ulsan Fault on tectonic movement and uplift characteristics in the Eastern Block of the Ulsan Fault. The averaged uplift rate in the Northern Coast of the Eastern Block was 0.202 m/ka, while the site in Seokbyeong-ri, Guryongpo-eup, Pohang-si, showed relatively high rate of 0.249 m/ka, attributable to influences of small fault movement, called the Gangsa Fault. Higher averaged rate of 0.270 m/ka than in the Northern Coast was calculated in the Southern Coast of the Eastern Block. The site in north of Haseo-ri, Yangnam-myeon, Gyeongju-si, showed the highest rate, suggesting influences of the Eupcheon Fault. The Western Block of the Ulsan Fault indicated the averaged rate of 0.208 m/ka, similar to that of the Northern Coast. The sites approximately 10 km apart from the Ulsan Fault showed 1.3 times higher rate in the Eastern Block than in the Western Block, while similar rates were calculated in the sites >20 km apart from the Ulsan Fault. These distributions of the rate suggest that the Ulsan Fault has significantly influenced development of marine terrace and tectonic movement in the study area, while local fault movements have also played a role.

The Influences of Immune Function and Respiratory System on Aerobic Exercise by Exposed Acute Hypobaric Hypoxic Environment. (급성 저압.저산소 노출에서의 유산소성 운동이 면역기능 및 호흡기계에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Dong-Jun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.825-831
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of immune function and respiratory system on aerobic exercise of 75 %HRmax intensity in an exposed acute hypobaric hypoxic environment. The subjects were 20 male college students, 10 of which were soccer players (19.6${\pm}$0.8 yr, BMI 22.3${\pm}$1.0, V02max 56.5${\pm}$4.8 mljkgjmin) and 10 general students (22.2${\pm}$2.3 yr, BMI 22.7${\pm}$2.1, $VO_{2max}$ 50.5${\pm}$6.6 ml/kg/min). Items of measurement after exercise on level and high altitude were $O_{2}$, $CO_{2}$, ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency, respiratory quotient, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Hb, Hct, reticulocyte, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil, and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgD, IgG, IgM). As the result of the verifying hypothesis, these results may suggest three new findings: first, to produce hypoxic ventilatory depression not only at level land but also at 3,000 m high altitude during 30 minute aerobics exercise of 75 %HRmax intensity, second to be more excellent for soccer players in adaptation and sensibility on response of respiratory system at high altitude, and third, to change each other by regular exercise habits or altitude in the monocyte.

Lesions of Infectious Disease which is Characterized by Marked Leukopenia in Korea (백혈구 감소증을 특징으로 하는 돼지 전염성 질병의 육안적 병변)

  • Song Jae-Kuk;Lee Hyun-Beom;Lee Keun-Woo
    • Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.104-112
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    • 1993
  • As an aid to diagnose the pig disease with marked leukopenia in Korea, 27 leukopenic(below/10,000/cmm)piggeries were autopsied. In addition, differential leukocyte counts for the leukopenic pigs and 12 healthy pigs were undertake. The results obtained are

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Inhibitory Effects of Onchungeum on Cytokine Production from Phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated Peripheral blood Mononuclear cells of Behcets Patients (Behcet 환자의 단구세포에서 온청음의 Cytokine 분필억제 효과)

  • Lim Hong Jin;Hwang Choong Yeon;Chiang Hsueh Chuan;Kim Nam Kwon;Kwon Il Ho
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.768-773
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    • 2002
  • Behcets disease is a systemic inflammatory disorder. The etiology and pathogenesis of Behcets disease has yet been fully elucidated but might involve immune dysfunction. Cytokines involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions and immune responses may play a role in the pathogenesis of Behcets disease (BD). Onchungeum is an Oriental herbal medication, which has been successfully used in Korea for the treatment of BD. This report describes modulation effects of Onchungeum on cytokine production from phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Behcets patients by ELISA. Onchungeum significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. TNF-α and IL-1β, compared to absence of Onchungeum (by 52.3 1.4 % inhibition for TNF-α and 113.5 3.3 % for IL-1β, p < 0.001). Onchungeum also inhibited the production of IFN-γ, immunoregulatory Th1 cytokine, by 89.4 0.8 % (p < 0.001). The inhibitory effects of Onchungeum on cytokine production showed dose-dependent manner, and the pre-treatment of 1 mg/ml Onchungeum had better effects than immunosuppressive drug for treatment of BD, cyclosporin A. Our results suggest that Onchungeum treatment for Behcets disease patients may have pharmacologic activities and abilities of regulation of immune and inflammatory responses by cytokine modulation.

Detection of Main Components of Heart Sound Using Third Moment Characteristics of PCG Envelope (심음 포락선의 3차 모멘트를 이용한 심음의 주성분 검출)

  • Quan, Xing-Ri;Bae, Keun-Sung
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.17 no.12
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    • pp.3001-3008
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    • 2013
  • To diagnose the cardiac valve abnormalities using analysis of phonocardiogram, first of all, accurate detection of S1, S2 components is needed for heart sound segmentation. In this paper, a new method that uses the third moment characteristics of an envelope of the PCG is proposed for accurate detection of S1 and S2 components of the heart sound with cardiac murmurs. The envelope of the PCG is obtained from the short-time energy profile, and its third moment profile with slope information is used for accurate time gating of the S1, S2 components. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method is superior to the conventional second moment method for detection of S1 and S2 regions from the heart sound signals with cardiac murmurs.

Optimal Fertilizer Numbers for Fertigation Culture of Korean Cabbage in Highland (고랭지배추 관리재배시 적정 관비횟수)

  • Jong Taek Suh;Ki Deog Kim;Chang Seok Kim;Sam nyu Jee
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2020.08a
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    • pp.53-53
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    • 2020
  • 가뭄이 매년 지속됨에 따라 고랭지배추 재배지에서도 관수의 필요성이 인식되면서 관수를 실시하고 있으며, 대부분 스프링클러로 관수하고, 분수호스나 점적호스도 일부 이용하고 있으나 아직 토양수분, 토성이나 작물상태, 재배시기 등 환경요인을 고려한 과학적인 수분관리가 이루어지지 못하고 있어 고품질 안정생산을 위해서는 수분관리의 과학화가 필요한 실정이다. 물을 최소화 하면서 관비가 가능한 점적 호스 재배는 적정한 비료를 필요한 위치에 공급하는 방식으로 비료의 효율을 높이면서 환경오염을 최소화하고, 비료과다 시용에 따른 환경오염 등을 회피할 수 있는 좋은 수단이다. 본 연구는 앞으로 고랭지배추 점적호스 재배시 가뭄 극복과 효율적인 시비를 위한 적정 관비횟수를 구명하고자 하였다. 배추품종은 수호를 이용하였으며 관비횟수는 2회(20일 간격), 3회(15일), 4회(10일), 6회(7일), 관행(추비3회) 등 5처리를 두었으며 기준시비량은 N-P-K=32.0-7.8-19.8kg/10a로 하였으며 관비농도는 EC 1.2 dS/m fh 하였다. 시험은 고령지농업연구소 시험포장에서 6월 하순부터 8월 상순까지 무멀칭 노지재배를 하였다. 관비는 정식후 7일째부터 주었으며 관비량은 1회 구당 20ℓ를 주었다. 시험구배치는 단구제 3반복으로 배치하였다. 생육시기별로 초장, 엽장, 엽폭 모두 관비횟수가 많은 처리에서 생육이 좋았으며 6회 처리가 가장 생육이 좋았다. 주당 외엽수와 내엽수는 관행보다는 관비횟수가 많을수록 많아져 관비 6회에서 주당 69.7매로 가장 많았으며 주중과 구중도 관행에 비해 관수횟수가 많아질수록 높아졌으며 관비 6회에서 주중은 2,439g, 구중은 1,917g 으로 높게 나타나, 고랭지배추 관비횟수는 EC 1.2 dS/m 농도에서 6회를 한 것이 생육이 양호하였다.

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A Study on the Characteristics and Burial Age of Sediment Layers at Bukpyeong myeon, Haenam gun (해남 북평면 퇴적층의 특성과 매몰 연대에 대한 연구)

  • Shin, Won Jeong;Yang, Dong Yoon;Kim, Jong Yeon
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.41-55
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    • 2016
  • The granulometric characteristics and chemical composition of the samples from the Bukpyeong myeon, Hainam gun, Jeollanam do were analyzed in this study. The samples were collected from the outcrop of coastal area where the height is about 30m. The burial age of the sediments also estimated by OSL(Optically Stimulated Luminescence) method. The origin and forming processes of the samples are not clear in this stage as limited number of evidences can be found. However it is suggested that the samples are not aeolian deposits originated from chinese loess by the chemical analysis. The mean diameter of samples were $5{\sim}6{\varphi}(silt)$ and are increased slightly downwards. The samples also well sorted. The samples have been heavily weathered by the chemical alteration index. The value of CIA increase downward rapidly at the upper part of outcrop, then stabilized afterwards. The vertical concentration changes ratio of cations varies; Si increases downwards while Fe, Ti, K and Mg decrease. There are fluctuation in concentration ratio of Na and Ca with increasing depth. The burial age of sample from upper part are estimated as $104.52{\pm}4.45ka\;BP$, while that of lower part are $136.10{\pm}6.52ka\;BP$, and they fall in to last part of MS6. The deposition rate for this site is found about 0.017mm/year. The uplift rate of the site is supposed to be 0.24~0.26m/ka with assumption of palaeo-sea level of +6m. However the origin of the sediment deposits should be explored and cleared.

The Formative Processes and Ages of Paleo-coastal Sediments in Dangjeong-ri, Seocheon-gun in the Western Coast, South Korea (II): Complementation of Chronological Data and a Developmental Model of Coastal Geomorphology over the Past 200,000 Years (서해안 서천군 당정리 일대에 분포하는 육상 고해안 퇴적물의 형성 과정과 형성 시기(II): 추가 연대 자료 및 제4기 후기 연안 지형 발달 모델)

  • Shin, Jae-Ryul;Hong, Yeong-Min;Ryu, Hui-Gyeong;Hong, Seongchan
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2021
  • Following the previous study, we report a complementary dating data on the silty layers deposited in paleo-tidal conditions of the study area, Dangjeong-ri, Seocheon-gun and suggest coastal terrain development processes over the past 200,000 years. Based on the dating results, the silty layers distributed up to 25 m above mean sea level were deposited between 171 and 183 ka, and the gravel layer deposited in a fluvial environment of a paleo-Dangjeong stream was found to have formed between 78 and 83 ka. Considering relative altitudes of distribution, an uplift rate of the study area in the western coast is judged to be relatively 0.5~0.7 low to that of Pohang area in the eastern coast. Compared to Busan and Sacheon areas in the southern coast, it is assumed that an uplift rate of the study area shows a similar level with those during the late Quaternary.

Incision Rate Distribution of Streams on the Northern Part of the Sobaek Mountain Range (소백산맥 북부 지역 하천의 하각률 분포)

  • Lee, Gwang-Ryul;Park, Chung-Sun
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.41-51
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    • 2020
  • This study tried to reveal incision rate distribution of streams on the northern part of the Sobaek Mountain Range with OSL age dating and geomorphic analysis, and factors influencing on the distribution were also discussed. With results from the previous studies, a total of 10 sites from 7 streams in the study area showed the rates ranging from 0.220 m/ka to 0.297 m/ka. Namhan-gang and Geum-cheon indicated the highest and lowest rates, respectively. Both sides in the northern section in the study area showed similar rates, while the western side in the middle section and the eastern side in the southern section showed higher rates than the other sides. Higher rates were also found from the eastern and northern sides where the Range runs N-S and E-W directions, respectively. Certain relationships with altitude and distance from the divide can be recognized from the rates and may be attributed to active incision with altitude and location of the uplift axis near the present divide. The rates on granite and sedimentary rock were higher than those on metamorphic rock, indicating that bedrock type is one of the important factors influencing on stream incision. Tectonic movement seemed to play some roles in the rates, because areas with lineaments showed lower rates. This study suggests that incision rate distribution of streams on the northern part of the Sobaek Mountain Range reflects various local geomorphic and geologic conditions.

The effect of temperature and light on anthocyanin synthesis in Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schm. (갯방풍의 Anthocyanin생성에 미치는 온도 및 광의 영향)

  • 부희옥
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.135-141
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    • 1995
  • The experiment was carried out to clarify the effects of air temperature, light exposure and UV light on the growth and anthocyanin syntheses of Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schm. The major pigment of purfied aglycone of Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schm. was identified as cyanidin by TLC and HPLC analysis. The anthocyanin Syntheses was promoted at low temperature and in the treatment of light exposure (12hrs a day) for 4-6 days after shading. The plants grown under UV-cut film had less anthocyanin content those tose under UV-transmission film.

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