• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3' end processing

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Evaluation of N-RTK Positioning Accuracy for Moving Platform (기선 거리에 따른 이동체의 N-RTK 위치정확도 평가)

  • Kim, Min-Seo;Bae, Tae-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.259-267
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    • 2020
  • For real-time precise positioning, N-RTK (Network Real-Time Kinematic) technology is widely used these days. However, the currently operating N-RTK system has a limitation in terms of the number of users. Therefore, if reference points generate correction messages with no limit on the number of users are developed later, it is determined that an appropriate reference point installation interval is required, so that the accuracy of the N-RTK system according to the baseline distance was analyzed. This experiment utilized receivers with varying performance that estimated the rover position, and RTKLIB, an open-source software, is used for processing data. As a result, the rover position was estimated accurately with a high rate of fixed ambiguity for all the receivers. When the reference station with a baseline length of 40 km was used, the vertical RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) was quite similar to the short baseline case, but only half of the ambiguity fixing rate was achieved. The outlier in the estimated rover position was not observed for the longer baselines in the case of a high-end receiver. It is necessary to analyze the ambiguity fixing and the accuracy of the kinematic positioning with scientific GNSS processing software.

Effect of PSE Pork on Physiochemical and Microbiological Properties of European Style Fermented Sausages during Ripening (원료육질이 발효소세지의 이화학적인 성상과 미생물 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Chin, Ku-Bok;Ji, Seung-Taek;Seo, Seon-Woo;Shin, Heuyn-Kil
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.661-666
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    • 1991
  • European style fermented sausages were made with normal pork, PSE and a 50 : 50 mixture, inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum 1-74 and Staphylococcus simulans MIII and ripened for 21 days following commercial manufacturing procedures. In all treatments, pH droped sharply between 0 and 3 days during ripening. PSE sausages showed the lowest pH and Aw at the end of ripening than other treatment groups. Protein solubility, hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness were significantly (P<0.05) low for PSE sausages. Springiness was the highest for normal sausages but the other two treatment were not different. PSE sausages had poor texture low redness value during the ripening. The added sugars apparently dropped the pH fast in PSE sausages. Total bacterial count and lactobacilli increased from 0 day to the third day of ripening. The number of Staphylococcus sp. decreased in normal sausages by the end of the ripening period. Fermented sausages with PSE meat could be produced if the mixture had lower (<50%) amounts of PSE meat. In addition, added sugar must be reduced to prevent lowering the pH to a level that will affect processing and quality attributes of fermented sausages.

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The role of the middle term in the integration of the two premises in linear syllogistic reasoning (선형 삼단 논법의 두 전제 통합 과정에서 중간 항목의 역할)

  • 정혜선;조명한
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.29-46
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    • 2001
  • This study attempted to demonstrate that the integration of the two premises in linear syllogism is mediated by the middle term the term that is repeated in the two premises. In Experiment 1. we examined whether representing the middle term is more important than representing the end terms. We asked a question to each premise. Depending on the order of the questions either the two end terms or the middle term became the answer in both premises. Participants solved the problems better when the middle term became the answer suggesting that it is more important to represent the middle term than the end terms. In Experiment 2 we examined whether additional processing is needed for the integration beyond establishing co-referential link through the middle term. We pronominalized the middle term in the second premise and provided two kinds of information to disambiguate the pronoun. In the direct information condition we provided information about who the pronoun is whereas in the indirect information condition we provided information about the relative location of the pronoun. Participants solved the problems more quickly in the indirect information condition than in the direct information condition indicating that mere co-referential link was not enough and that the relative location of the middle term needs to be computed for the integration of the two premises.

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Performance Evaluation of KOMPSAT-3 Satellite DSM in Overseas Testbed Area (해외 테스트베드 지역 아리랑 위성 3호 DSM 성능평가)

  • Oh, Kwan-Young;Hwang, Jeong-In;Yoo, Woo-Sun;Lee, Kwang-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.36 no.6_2
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    • pp.1615-1627
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the performance of KOMPSAT-3 Digital Surface Model (DSM) made in overseas testbed area. To that end, we collected the KOMPSAT-3 in-track stereo image taken in San Francisco, the U.S. The stereo geometry elements (B/H, converse angle, etc.) of the stereo image taken were all found to be in the stable range. By applying precise sensor modeling using Ground Control Point (GCP) and DSM automatic generation technique, DSM with 1 m resolution was produced. Reference materials for evaluation and calibration are ground points with accuracy within 0.01 m from Compass Data Inc., 1 m resolution Elevation 1-DSM produced by Airbus. The precision sensor modeling accuracy of KOMPSAT-3 was within 0.5 m (RMSE) in horizontal and vertical directions. When the difference map was written between the generated DSM and the reference DSM, the mean and standard deviation were 0.61 m and 5.25 m respectively, but in some areas, they showed a large difference of more than 100 m. These areas appeared mainly in closed areas where high-rise buildings were concentrated. If KOMPSAT-3 tri-stereo images are used and various post-processing techniques are developed, it will be possible to produce DSM with more improved quality.

A study on the correction of the connection part of the underground facility 3D model and the correction of irregularities (지하시설물 3차원 모델 연결부 보정 및 요철보정에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung Su;Han, Kyu Won;Heo, Sung Seo;Han, Sang Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.429-435
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    • 2021
  • The integrated underground space map shows the underground facility(water supply, sewage, gas, electric power, communication, heating), underground structures (subway, underpass, underground walkway, underground parking lot, underground shopping mall, common ward), ground(drilling, coffin, geology) refers to a map constructed so that a total of 15 types of underground information can be checked at a glance on a three-dimensional basis. The purpose of this study is to develop a technology to correct the problem of curved surface processing and the unevenness of underground facility pipelines that occur in converting 2D underground facility data into 3D-based underground space integrated map(3D underground facility model). do it with. To this end, we first investigated and reviewed the domestic and foreign status of technologies that generate data on underground facilities based on three dimensions, and developed a surface correction algorithm and an unevenness correction algorithm to solve practical problems. Algorithms to verify the developed algorithm This applied correction program was developed. Based on the above process, the three-dimensional model of the underground facility could be produced identically to reality. This study is judged to have significance as a basic study to improve the utilization of the underground spatial integration map.

Microbiological Safety During Delivering of Food Ingredients Supplied to Elementary School Food Services in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Provinces -Seafood, Meat and Frozen Processing Food- (대구.경북지역 학교 급식에 공급되는 식재료의 유통단계별 미생물 평가 - 어육류, 냉동가공 제품 -)

  • Kim, Yun-Hwa;Ryu, Kyung;Lee, Yeon-Kyung
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.276-285
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    • 2009
  • This study evaluated the microbiological quality and safety of food items(seafood, meat, eggs, and frozen food) supplied to elementary school food services, during delivery, and analyzed the distribution/delivery system. To this end, 10 food items supplied by 13 factories in Daegu and Gyeongbuk were chosen for study. Beef and pork were delivered directly to schools in freezer vans. Seafood, chicken, and frozen food were delivered to schools by refrigerated vans(${\leq}10^{\circ}C$) that made other delivery stops before arriving at schools. After food was delivered to schools, total bacterial counts and coliforms(respectively) were as follows: mackerel($2.0{\times}10^2-3.2{\times}10^5$, $<5-4.0{\times}10^3CFU/g$), common squid($2.5{\times}10^4-6.6{\times}10^5$, $1.6{\times}10^2-6.0{\times}10^3CFU/g$), shellfish($3.2{\times}10^5-1.7{\times}10^3$, $4.0{\times}10^3-3.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$), boiled fish paste($1.9{\times}10^4$, <5 CFU/g), beef($9.2{\times}10^2-6.4{\times}10^4$, $<5-2.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$), pork($2.6{\times}10^3-1.3{\times}10^6$, $<5-2.7{\times}10^2CFU/g$), chicken($1.0{\times}10^4$, $2.4{\times}10^2CFU/g$), egg($<5-2.3{\times}10^2$, <5 CFU/g), frozen mandu($3.2{\times}10^3-9.5{\times}10^4$, <5 CFU/g), and frozen noodles($<5-9.0{\times}10$, <5 CFU/g). Bacillus cereus($2.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$) and E. coli($1.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$) were detected on shellfish, and Staphylococcus aureuswas detected on pork($3.1{\times}10\;CFU/g$) and chicken($7.8{\times}10\;CFU/g$). Most food items were double-wrapped in vinyl and placed in corrugated cardboard boxes prior to delivery, and the boxes weremixed with other food items when they were put in the vans. There was no cross-contamination during distribution. However, total shellfish bacterial counts increased slightly. These results indicate that foods need to be completely pasteurized during processing. Frozen food items should not be mixed and should be delivered by freezer vans(${\leq}4^{\circ}C$). The number of stops made during distribution/delivery should be reduced.

Performance Analysis of BIM Labor using Case Analysis (사례분석을 활용한 시공단계 BIM 인력 투입 성과 분석)

  • Kim, Hyoung-Jin;Yoo, Moo-Young;Kim, Jae-Jun;Choi, Chang-Shik
    • Journal of KIBIM
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2017
  • BIM is effective to improve the labor productivity of construction participants. From this point of view, it is important to analyze the outcome related with BIM Labor which covers most of the BIM investment costs. This research focuses on BIM RFI which is one of the major task of the BIM labor and analyze the outcomes. In addition, this research was quantitatively analyzed by the standby time and related cost caused by BIM labor, which affect the results of the project participants. To this end, analytical standby queue model was utilized to analyze the labor focusing on micros TASK. 11 projects were selected to analyze the results of BIM labor and RFI that the project participants requested to the BIM labor was collected. Through this, it collected variables for analyzing results, and Finally, we pulled out 4 projects for analysis. In this study, the basic results analysis of RFI processing of the BIM labor, the probabilistic analysis of BIM labor service status, and the economic analysis of BIM labor optimal inputs were performed by using the research model presented. The results of this study can be utilized to formulate the optimal strategy for BIM labor inputs(e.g. number of employees, level, time point, etc.) of the construction phase. Moreover, it can contribute to ensuring the credibility of the BIM ROI results by presenting the cost of BIM services in BIM ROI analysis and the standby cost of project participants.

A Visualization Framework of Information Flows on a Very Large Social Network (초대형 사회망에서의 정보 흐름의 시각화 프레임워크)

  • Kim, Shin-Gyu;Yeom, Heon-Y.
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.131-140
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    • 2009
  • Recently, the information visualization research community has given significant attention to graph visualization, especially visualization of social networks. However, visualization of information flows in a very large social network has not been studied in depth. However, information flows are tightly related to the structure of social networks and it shows dynamic behavior of interactions between members of social networks. Thus, we can get much useful information about social networks from information flows. In this paper, we present our research result that enables users to navigate a very large social network in Google Maps' method and to take a look at information flows on the network. To this end, we devise three techniques; (i) mapping a very large social network to a 2-dimensional graph layout, (ii) exploring the graph to all directions with zooming it in/out, and (iii) building an efficient query processing framework. With these methods, we can visualize very large social networks and information flows in a limited display area with a limited computing resources.

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A Study on the Hospital Information System in Korea (우리나라 병원정보시스템 실태에 관한 연구)

  • 전기홍;조우현
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.1-26
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    • 1994
  • As the hospital environment is changing rapidly, management is therefore obligated to use new ways to provide better service to patients. For example information system is introduced to some hospitals in Korea. Information system has several benefits such a soperational efficiency by on-line delivery and processing of data, accurate and rapid information production, continuous monitoring of performance and feedback, improvement of work process and better service quality. Still, many hospitals cannot be sure that information system is useful for improving organization performance. Because only one or two area of hospital information system were considered for development and with limited development hospital information system cannot be used effectively. The purpose of this study is to suggest the model of information system utilizaton and to analyze the hospital in formation system in Korea. The results are following; 1. In Korea, proportion of operating system of comuter is 31% of UNIX, 11% of IBM OS and 10% of PC LAN. 2. As we expect, scope of application software and amounts of heardware and software invest ments are affected by concern of CEO. 3. Many CIO(chief information officer) say that the biggest problems are lack of after-service and obsolescence of computer equipments in terms of hardware and shortage of application software for hospital in terms of software. 4. Personnel of information system department is so small that hospital information system can't be improved. 5. During the development of information system, full-time participation of end user is only 20% hospital with almost less than 12 person-month. This study was accomplished by survey through mail questionnaires. Response to the survey was only 55% and it was hard to generalize all the result obtained from this survey. However, We hope that this study would be helpful for helth care organization to acknowlege hospital information system in korea and to design the future architecture and frame of information system.

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A study of plan for traceability of a Korean herb using RFID technology (RFID 기술을 이용한 한약재 이력관리 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Chul;Song, Mi-Young
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.12 no.3 s.18
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    • pp.31-47
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    • 2006
  • Nowadays Korean governments use Information Technology to improve the quality of life for a people. One of these tries is building the Food Tracing System based on Information Technology. Koreans have big concern about food that is good for health. The Food Tracing System means that the system can follows, traces, and records every steps of production and delivery of food and its ingredient. And this process should be identified and grouped by using tags, marks, and other methods. For example, producer of ingredient, processing steps of food, delivered place could be traced. In addition to food, medical herbs need consumer's trust in production and delivery. To trace and prosecute contaminated medical herbs, medical herbs also need this kind of Tracing System based on Information Technology. This study shows current medical herbs tracing ways and RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology trend. As preceding study for future RFID based medical herbs tracing system, this study suggests the building plan and scenario of the Medical Herbs Tracing System. The determination of the main body for sticking RFID Tags is very important to design for RFID Traceability System. In this study, the starting point of information to medical herbs is an inspection agency. The Medical Herbs to product domestically or import moved to an inspection agency. An inspection agency bond the RFID Tags to packing of the Medical Herbs after examining the a basic its component. At the same time inspector give the information of production or importation to the Tags. This Tags are moved for logistical process to end point, the Korean medicine agency. The customer confirmed the traceability and certification information of the Medical Herbs. For success tracing of medical herbs, institutional support and close cooperation between related organizations is necessary besides good system design.

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